A Acne excoriee, 21, 22 Acneiform disorders, 340 Acne keloidalis nuchae (AKN), 340 description, 130 diagnosis, 131, 132 differential diagnosis, 133 epidemiology, 130 131 histopathology, 133 laser hair removal, 244 pathogenesis, 131 prevalence, 130 131 treatment first line therapy, 134 135 minimally invasive therapy, 135 surgical, 135 Acne vulgaris (AV) aggravating factors, 23 clinical features, 21 23 epidemiology, 23 24 management oral therapy, 27 procedural therapy, 27 28 topical therapy, 24 26 pathogenic factors, 23 PIH, 22 vs. rosacea, 29 sequelae, 28 Acupuncture traditional Asian practice, cutaneous conditions adverse effects, 311 description, 309 evaluation process, 310 psoriasis, 310 Adrian, R.M., 229 AE. See Anagen effluvium (AE) African American community cocoa butter, 302 diagnosis codes, dermatologist visit, 301 hair myths, 303 patient care, 304 skin myths, 301 303 African descent, cultural considerations description, 300 health services utilization, 300 301 misconceptions, 301 AGA. See Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) Aging effects, ethnic skin, 248 249 AKN. See Acne keloidalis nuchae (AKN) Alaluf, S., 6 Alexis, A.F., 23 Alopecia areata, 99 100 Alopecia syphilitica, 101 102 Alpha hydroxy acids, 286 288 Alster, T., 197 Anagen effluvium (AE), 99 Androgenetic alopecia (AGA), 97 98, 355 356 Antimalarials lupus erythematosus, 55 sarcoidosis, 71 Aramaki, J., 10 Aromatherapy, traditional Asian practice alopecia areata, 309 contact dermatitis, 309, 310 description, 307 phototoxic reaction, 309 Ashy dermatosis. See Erythema dyschromicum perstans (EDP) Asian skin irritants and allergens, 40 structure and physiology, 39 A.F. Alexis and V.H. Barbosa (eds.), Skin of Color: A Practical Guide to Dermatologic Diagnosis and Treatment, DOI 10.1007/978-0-387-84929-4, Springer Science+Business Media New York 2012 371
372 Atopic dermatitis (AD) characterization, 45 differential diagnosis, 48 distribution and morphology, 45, 46 epidemiology, 47 feature, 45, 46 histopathology, 47 incidence, 47 laboratory findings, 47 pathophysiology, 47 pediatric diseases, children of color criteria, 332 Dennie-Morgan folds, 332, 333 differential diagnosis, 335, 336 features, 331 lichenification, 332, 333 lichenoid, 333 skin care, 334 335 treatment, 333 therapy, 48, 49 Autoimmune diseases alopecia areata, 99 children of color, 347 Autologous minigraft technique, 174 Autologous thin Thiersch graft technique, 174 AV. See Acne vulgaris (AV) cosmetic applications, 265 cosmetic procedure, 263 description, 263 dynamic wrinkles, 272 273 facial shaping, dermal fillers, 260 261 history, 265 injection technique, 267 268 photoaging, 232 233 pre and postoperative care, 266 serotypes, 263 side effects, 272 treatment guidelines axillary hyperhidrosis, 271 bunny lines, 269, 270 chin lines, 270, 271 Crow s feet, 269, 270 eyelid ptosis, 271 forehead lines, 269 Glabellar lines, 268 lateral browlift, 269 Marionette lines, 269 270 Botwood, N., 198 Bowen s disease, 215 Brown, D.L., 80 Bulengo-Ransby, S., 149 Busquets, A., 201 B Bacterial-derived hyaluronic acid, 251 Ballow, M., 46, 48 Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) atypical presentation, 212 differential diagnosis, 213, 214 nodular-pigmented, 213 Battle, E.F., Jr., 240 Bayat, A., 189 Berardesca, E., 4, 9, 10 Berman, B., 200, 201 Berman, N., 200 Bernard, B.A., 7 Beta hydroxy acid, 288 289 Black skin irritants and allergens, 40 structure and physiology, 39 Bleomycin, 204 Botulinum toxin A (BtxA) action mechanism, 266 aging process, 264 265 Botox vs. Dysport, 263, 264 clinical use, 265 commercial preparations, 266 complications, 272 contraindications, 267 C Canella, A., 277 CCCA. See Central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia (CCCA) Cell layers, 5 Central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia (CCCA) clinical features, 107 108 epidemiology, 107 etiology, 107 features, 106, 107 hair transplants, ethnic populations, 358 359 previous names, 106 treatment, 108 109 Chan, L.S., 46, 49 Chan, R., 143 Chemical peels benefits, 283, 286 description, 280 peeling agents, classification of, 280 risks, 280, 283 Child, F.J., 24 Children of color autoimmune diseases, 347 description, 327
genetic disorders, 347 inflammatory diseases, 345 346 metabolic syndrome, 346 347 pediatric diseases atopic dermatitis, 331 336 confluent and reticulated papillomatosis, 339 follicular disorders, 339 343 nickel allergic contact dermatitis, 338 pigmentary disorders, 343 345 pityriasis rosea, 337 psoriasis, 338 seborrheic dermatitis, 337 pigmentary alteration causes, 327 329 skin development linear pigmentation, 330, 331 melanocyte migration, 329 330 melanosomes, 329 Mongolian spots, 330 transient neonatal pustular melanosis, 330 Voight/Futcher s lines, 331 Choi, S., 225 Chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus, 115, 116 Chua, S.H., 231 Chuangsuwanich, A., 201 Cicatricial alopecias lymphocytic CCCA, 106 109 chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus, 115, 116 LPP, 110 114 neutrophilic DCS, 116 118 FD, 118 119 North American Hair Research Society (NAHRS) classification, 106 Classic lichen planopilaris (LPP), 110 111 Clostridium botulinum, 263 Coin rubbing/coining technique, 311 Comedone extraction, acne vulgaris, 27 Conejo-Mir, J.S., 197 Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis, 339 Contact dermatitis allergens, 41 42 clinical presentation, 39 description, 37 epidemiology, 37 38 patch testing, 41 42 Corcuff, P., 5 Corneocyte variability, 5 Corticosteroids acne keloidalis nuchae, 134 135 keloids polytherapy, 192 side effects, 192 193 solo therapy, 190 192 uses of, 190 pityriasis alba, 164 sarcoidosis, 70 Cosman, B., 182 Cosmetic concerns advantages, 222 disadvantages, 222 DPN, 228, 229 hyperpigmentation description, 222 diffuse, 224 facial, 223 localized, 223 224 treatment therapies, 225 226 keloids, 227 228 skin laxity description, 231 infrared tightening, 231 232 radiofrequency (RF), 231 unwanted hair removal diode laser, 229 Nd:YAG system, 230 231 topical eflornithine HCl, 228 Crespo-Erchiga, V., 83 Cupping technique, 311 312 Cutaneous needle, 309 D DCS. See Dissecting cellulitis of the scalp (DCS) Deep chemical peels, 296 Dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ), 3 Dermal fillers, ethnic skin aging effects, 248 249 cosmetic products growth, 247 PLLA, 255 261 soft tissue augmentation, 250 255 Dermal structure, 7 8 Dermatosis papulosa nigra (DPN), 228, 229 Dermis, 3 De Winter, S., 7, 11 Diffuse hyperpigmentation, 224 Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE), 115, 116 373
374 Disorders of hyperpigmentation melasma cheeks/nose/forehead, 140 clinical diagnosis, 140 141 clinical recommendations, 146 147 description, 139 etiology, 140 histologic patterns, 141 laser and light therapy, 144 146 peeling agents, 143 144 topical agents, 141 143 US preventive services task force grade definitions, 146, 148 nevus of Ito, 151 154 nevus of Ota classification, 153 clinical diagnosis, 152 153 clinical recommendations, 154 description, 151 etiology, 152 histopathology, 153 Q-switched laser therapy, 154 periorbital hypermelanosis clinical diagnosis, 155 description, 155 etiology, 155 histopathology, 155 recommendations, 156 treatment, 155 156 PIH clinical diagnosis, 148, 149 clinical recommendations, 150 151 description, 148 etiology, 148 histopathology, 148 149 peeling agents, 150 topical agents, 149 150 Dissecting cellulitis of the scalp (DCS), 116 118 DLE. See Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) DPN. See Dermatosis papulosa nigra (DPN) Dreschnack, P., 256 Duncan, M., 200 Durani, P., 189 E Earles, R.M., 355 Earlobe keloids, 194 197 Ear needle, 309 Ellgehausen, P., 51 Epidermis, 3 Erythema dyschromicum perstans (EDP), 344 Erythematotelangiectatic rosacea (ETR), 29 30 Espana, A., 204 F Fabbri, P., 56 Facial lipoatrophy grading scale, 256, 257 injection technique, 257 safety and efficacy history, 256 257 treatment sessions, 257 Faergemann, J., 78 Falabella, R., 163 Farber, E.M., 60 FD. See Folliculitis decalvans (FD) Fernandez-Faith, E., 65, 66, 70 Fibrosing Alopecia in a Pattern Distribution (FAPD), 111, 112 Filiform steel needle, 309 Fitzpatrick, R., 202, 203, 228 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), 202 203 Florencio, V.D., 83 Flores, F., 200 Flores-Hughes, G., 319 Follicular disorders, 339 343 Folliculitis decalvans (FD), 118 119 Foot corrections, 258 259 Fox, 280 Fox, H., 163 Foy, V., 10 Frank, J.E., 80 Frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA), 111 G Galadari, I., 240 Garg, V.K., 144, 150 Genetic disorders, 347 George, A.O., 131 González, L.M., 57, 59 Gottlieb, A.B., 63, 64 Grabski, W., 196 Graham Little syndrome, 112 Granstein, R., 200 Grant-Kels, J.M., 332 Granulomatous rosacea, 30 Griffith, B., 191 Grimes, P.E., 142, 222, 289 Grooming-induced alopecias, 91 92 Guerra, L., 171 Gunjittisomram, S., 201 Gupta, A.K., 78, 83
Gupta, S., 202 Guy, R.H., 9 H Hair characteristics African ancestry, 351, 352 Asian populations, 351, 352 Caucasians, 351, 352 curved hair follicle, 352 racial/ethnic populations, 353 Hair myths, African American community, 303 Hair transplantation, ethnic populations AGA, 355 356 anesthesia, 361 CCCA, 358 359 complications, 365, 366 consultation, 360 361 contraindications, 360 donor harvesting, 363 364 emerging technologies, 367 eyebrows, 366, 367 eyelashes, 366 graft preparation, 364 365 historical perspective, 353 355 postoperative counseling, 366 recipient site creation, 365 surgical instrumentation, 361, 362 TA, 357, 358 Halder, R.M., 23, 24 Hall, H.I., 302 Hanifin, J.M., 332 Hanke, J., 256 Har-Shai, Y., 202 Hebra, F., 280 Henna, 313 314 Herbal medicine, traditional Asian practice atopic dermatitis, 306 307 Bowen s disease, 307, 308 macular hypopigmentation, 307, 308 psoriasis, 307 Herzberg, A.J., 133 Hirayama, T., 153 Hirsutism, 243 Hispanic patient challenge, 325 classification, 320 culture in US, 322 324 familism, 321 folk illness, 321 322 health beliefs, 321 history, 319 320 lack of health insurance, 323, 324 375 mestizo, 320 mulattos, 320 personalism, 321 terminology, 319 HMF. See Hypopigmented mycosis fungoides (HMF) Hobbs, L.M., 240 Hochberg, M.C., 52 Hyaluronic acid, soft tissue augmentation bacterial-derived, 251 description, 250 251 enhancement precautions, 251, 253 overview, 251, 252 viscoelastic, 251 Hyperpigmentation description, 222 diffuse, 224 facial, 223 localized, 223 224 treatment therapies, 225 226 Hypertrichosis, 243 Hypopigmentation/depigmentation disorders idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis causative factors, 162 characterization, 162 cryotherapy, 162 163 description, 161 differential diagnosis, 162 localized superficial dermabrasion, 163 psychological effects, 162 oculocutaneous albinism 2B clinical phenotype, 169 description, 168 169 differential diagnosis, 169 170 ocular manifestations, 169 photoprotection, 170 piebaldism characteristic manifestation, 170 c-kit proto-oncogene, 170 description, 170 differential diagnosis, 171 histopathologic examination, 171 leukoderma, 170 repigmentation, 171 PIH, 167 168 pityriasis alba characterization, 163 description, 163 differential diagnosis, 164 tar emulsions, 165 treatment, 164 165 variations, 164 xerosis, 164
376 Hypopigmentation/depigmentation disorders (cont.) progressive macular hypomelanosis, 165 167 vitiligo autoimmune pathogenesis, 172 autologous minigrafts, 174 autologous thin Thiersch graft, 174 clinical variants, 172 depigmentation, 174 175 description, 172 diagnosis, 172 excimer laser therapy, 174 narrowband UVB, 173 psoralen photochemotherapy, 174 PUVA therapy, 173, 174 response rates, 175 suction blister grafts, 174 topical corticosteroids, 173 types, 172 Hypopigmented mycosis fungoides (HMF), 216, 217 I Idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis (IGH) causative factors, 162 characterization, 162 cryotherapy, 162 163 description, 161 differential diagnosis, 162 localized superficial dermabrasion, 163 psychological effects, 162 IGH. See Idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis (IGH) Imiquimod application, 201 202 Inflammatory diseases, 345 346 Inflammatory disorders atopic dermatitis characterization, 45 differential diagnosis, 48 distribution and morphology, 45, 46 epidemiology, 47 feature, 45, 46 histopathology, 47 incidence, 47 laboratory findings, 47 pathophysiology, 47 therapy, 48, 49 lichen planus annular lesions, 48 bullous, 50 characterization, 48 description, 48 differential diagnosis, 51 drugs and contactants, 50, 51 epidemiology, 50 erosive/ulcerative, 50 histopathology, 51 hypertrophic, 49 pathophysiology, 50 systemic illness, 50 treatment, 52 lupus erythematosus description, 52 differential diagnosis, 55 epidemiology, 54 histopathology, 54 laboratory findings, 55 pathophysiology, 54 skin disorders and morphology, 52, 53 treatment, 55 56 pityriasis rosea description, 56 differential diagnosis, 58, 59 drugs associated, 59 epidemiology, 58 etiology, 58 histopathology, 58 treatment, 59 variants of, 56, 57 psoriasis age variation, 61 description, 60 differential diagnosis, 62 epidemiology, 60 61 histopathology, 61 pathophysiology, 61 systemic agents, 63 topical agents, 63 topical vs. systemic/phototherapy, 62 treatment, 62 triggers, 60 sarcoidosis description, 62 differential diagnosis, 66, 70 epidemiology, 68 69 erythema nodosum, 68 etiology, 69 histopathology, 69 hypopigmented macules, 66, 67 laboratory findings, 69 lupus pernio, 67, 68 micropapular, 66, 67 morphologic variants, 65 treatment, 70 71 scleroderma description, 71
377 differential diagnosis, 75 divisions, 71 epidemiology, 72 73 etiology, 73 histopathology, 74 laboratory findings, 74 treatment, 75 76 seborrheic dermatitis description, 76 differential diagnosis, 77 epidemiology, 77 etiology, 77 Malassezia species, 76 petaloid seborrhea, 76 therapeutic options, 77, 78 syphilis annular, 79 description, 78 differential diagnosis, 80 epidemiology, 79 laboratory, 80 treatment, 81 tinea (pityriasis) versicolor black skin, 81, 82 description, 81 differential diagnosis, 83 epidemiology, 81 etiology, 82 83 laboratory, 83 prevalence, 81 therapeutic options, 84 Intralesional corticosteroids acne vulgaris, 27 lupus erythematosus, 56 Intralesional verapamil, 203 J Jessner s solution, 290 291 Joshi, S.S., 150 K Kagami, S., 154 Kaidbey, K.H., 10 Kal, H., 198 Kamiishi, H., 199 Kaposi, M., 130 Katta, R., 65 Kaufman, J., 201 Kawasaki disease, 346 Kaya, T.I., 162 Keloids, 227 228 avoidance behaviors, 204 205 bleomycin, 204 combination therapy, 204 compression therapy, 199 corticosteroids polytherapy, 192 side effects, 192 193 solo therapy, 190 192 uses of, 190 cryotherapy, 202 earlobe, 188 epidemiology, 181 182 etiology endocrine factors, 184 genetic predisposition, 184 infection, 184 skin tension, 183 trauma, 183 features, 205 206 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), 202 203 vs. hypertrophic scars, 185, 186 imiquimod application, 201 202 interferons, 200 201 intralesional verapamil, 203 Medermar, 203 mobility reduction, 186, 187 pathogenesis, 185 radiation therapy, 198 199 silicone gel sheeting (SGS), 200 surgical therapy earlobe keloids, 194 197 general rules of thumb, 194 laser, 197 therapeutic options, 189 tightening and pulling, 186, 187 vitamin E, 203 204 Kerner, J., 265 Kiil, J., 191 Kligman, A.M., 142 Koebner phenomenon, 48 Kormeili, T., 60, 61 Kosaka, M., 199 Kumar, B., 202 Kunachak, S., 144 L Lancet/blood letting needle, 309 Lane, J., 184 Laser hair removal, darker skin types AKN, 244 appropriate laser parameters, 240 241 consultation, 241 242 hirsutism, 243 hypertrichosis, 243
378 Laser hair removal, darker skin types (cont.) laser device choice, 239 240 vs. lighter skin patients, 237 paradoxical hypertrichosis, 245 patient selection, 241 PFB, 244 safety, 239, 240 side effects, 243 test spots, 240 241 treatment, 242 243 Latino patients, cultural considerations. See Hispanic patient Lautenschlager, S., 80 Lebwohl, M., 62 64 Leder, R.O., 60 Leventhal, D., 189 Lichen planopilaris (LPP) clinical features, 110 112 epidemiology, 110 112 features, 110 pathogenesis, 113 subgroups, 110 treatment, 113 114 Lichen planus annular lesions, 48 bullous, 50 characterization, 48 description, 48 differential diagnosis, 51 drugs and contactants, 50, 51 epidemiology, 50 erosive/ulcerative, 50 histopathology, 51 hypertrophic, 49 pathophysiology, 50 systemic illness, 50 treatment, 52 Lip rejuvenation, 257 258 Lo Brutto, R., 277 Localized hyperpigmentation, 223 224 Lupus erythematosus description, 52 differential diagnosis, 55 epidemiology, 54 histopathology, 54 laboratory findings, 55 pathophysiology, 54 skin disorders and morphology, 52, 53 treatment, 55 56 Lymphocytic cicatricial alopecias CCCA clinical features, 107 108 epidemiology, 107 etiology, 107 features, 106, 107 previous names, 106 treatment, 108 109 chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus, 115, 116 LPP clinical features, 110 112 epidemiology, 110 112 features, 110 pathogenesis, 113 subgroups, 110 treatment, 113 114 M Mahmoud, B.H., 141 Malhotra, A., 201 Malignant melanoma, 214, 216 Marini, 277 Marley, B., 214 Marshman, G., 50 Martin-Garcia, R., 201 McCauliffe, D.P., 53, 55, 56 McDonnell, J., 65, 66, 70 Mederma, 203 Medium-depth chemical peels applying technique, 295 296 classification, 293 contraindications, 295 glycolic acid, 296 indications, 293 294 trichloroacetic acid (TCA), 295 Melaleuca alternifolia. See Tea tree Melanin/Melanosomes, 6 7 Melanocyte and fibroblast reactivity, 275 Melanoma, E.M., 325 Melanonychia striata, 330 Melasma cheeks/nose/forehead, 140 clinical diagnosis, 140 141 clinical recommendations, 146 147 description, 139 etiology, 140 histologic patterns, 141 laser and light therapy, 144 146 peeling agents, 143 144 topical agents, 141 143 US preventive services task force grade definitions, 146, 148 Melasma quality-of-life scale (MELASQOL), 141 Metabolic syndrome, 346 347
Methotrexate lichen planopilaris, 113 114 sarcoidosis, 71 Microdermabrasion benefits, 279 vs. dermabrasion, 276 description, 276 procedure, 276 279 Mongolian spots, 330 Moxibustion technique, 312, 313 Mustoe, T., 189 Mycobacterium fortuitum infection, 313, 314 N Neutrophilic cicatricial alopecias DCS, 116 118 FD, 118 119 Nevus fuscoceruleus ophthalmomaxillaris. See Nevus of Ota Nevus of Ito, 151 154 Nevus of Ota classification, 153 clinical diagnosis, 152 153 clinical recommendations, 154 description, 151 etiology, 152 histopathology, 153 Q-switched laser therapy, 154 Nickel allergic contact dermatitis, 338 Nodulocystic acne, 23 Nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSC), 212 Nonscarring alopecias alopecia areata, 99 100 alopecia syphilitica, 101 102 anagen effluvium, 99 androgenetic alopecia, 97 98 grooming-induced alopecias, 91 92 primer on hairstyling, 92 95 relaxer-induced alopecia, 95 96 telogen effluvium, 98 99 traction alopecia, 96, 97 trichotillomania, 100 101 O Ocular rosacea, 30 Oculocutaneous albinism 2B clinical phenotype, 169 description, 168 169 differential diagnosis, 169 170 ocular manifestations, 169 photoprotection, 170 Oculodermal melanocytosis. See Nevus of Ota Okuda, S., 353, 354 Orentreich, N., 353, 363 379 P Papulopustular rosacea (PPR), 30 Paradoxical hypertrichosis, 245 Pathak, M.A., 141 Periorbital hypermelanosis clinical diagnosis, 155 description, 155 etiology, 155 histopathology, 155 recommendations, 156 treatment, 155 156 Periorificial (perioral) dermatitis, 340 Peterson, J.D., 46, 49 PFB. See Pseudofolliculitis barbae (PFB) ph, 5 Photoaging Botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A), 232 233 soft tissue augmentation, 233 234 Phymatous rosacea, 30 Piebaldism characteristic manifestation, 170 c-kit proto-oncogene, 170 description, 170 differential diagnosis, 171 histopathologic examination, 171 leukoderma, 170 repigmentation, 171 Pierce, H.E., 353, 354 Pigmentary disorders, 343 345 Pigmentary mosaicism, 331 PIH. See Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) Pityriasis alba characterization, 163 description, 163 differential diagnosis, 164 tar emulsions, 165 treatment, 164 165 variations, 164 xerosis, 164 Pityriasis rosea description, 56 differential diagnosis, 58, 59 drugs associated, 59 epidemiology, 58
380 Pityriasis rosea (cont.) etiology, 58 histopathology, 58 pediatric diseases, children of color, 337 treatment, 59 variants of, 56, 57 Pityriasis versicolor, 77, 78. See also Tinea (pityriasis) versicolor Poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) characteristics, 255 description, 254 effective use, 256 facial lipoatrophy, 256, 257 hydrogel, 254 255 injection steps, 258, 260 safety, 254 Pomade acne, 23 Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) acne vulgaris, 22 clinical diagnosis, 148, 149 clinical recommendations, 150 151 description, 148 etiology, 148 histopathology, 148 149 peeling agents, 150 seborrheic dermatitis, 167, 168 topical agents, 149 150 PPR. See Papulopustular rosacea (PPR) Progressive macular hypomelanosis, 165 167 Pseudofolliculitis barbae (PFB) description, 123 differential diagnosis, 124, 126 epidemiology, 123 etiology, 124 keloidal/hypertrophic scarring, 124, 126 laboratory investigations, 124 laser hair removal, 244 pathogenesis, 124 PIH, 124, 126 prevalence, 123 sample patient education material, 128 treatment chemical peels, 130 epilation, 129 130 first-line therapy, 127 hair removal practices, 127 128 medical therapy, 129 Pseudopelade of Brocq, 112 Psoriasis age variation, 61 description, 60 differential diagnosis, 62 epidemiology, 60 61 histopathology, 61 pathophysiology, 61 pediatric diseases, children of color, 338 systemic agents, 63 topical agents, 63 topical vs. systemic/phototherapy, 62 treatment, 62 triggers, 60 R Rajka, G., 331, 332 Reed, J.T., 8, 9 Relaxer-induced alopecia, 95 96 Relyveld, G.N., 167 Rijken, F., 11 Robinson, J.K., 302 Rosacea vs. acne vulgaris, 29 African-American woman, 31 clinical features, 29 31 description, 28 epidemiology, 28 29 management laser and light therapy, 32 33 oral therapy, 32 topical therapy, 32 Rothe, M.J., 332 Rothifeld, N., 53, 56 S Sak yant, 312 Salasche, S., 196 Salicylic acid peels acne, 27 cheek, 226 hyperpigmentation disorders, 144, 150, 151 PIH, 27 Sarcoidosis description, 62 differential diagnosis, 66, 70 epidemiology, 68 69 erythema nodosum, 68 etiology, 69 histopathology, 69 hypopigmented macules, 66, 67 laboratory findings, 69 lupus pernio, 67, 68 micropapular, 66, 67 morphologic variants, 65 treatment, 70 71 Sarkar, 287 Scarring alopecias. See Cicatricial alopecias SCC. See Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) Schulze, R., 129
Scleroderma description, 71 differential diagnosis, 75 divisions, 71 epidemiology, 72 73 etiology, 73 histopathology, 74 laboratory findings, 74 treatment, 75 76 Seborrheic dermatitis (SD) description, 76 differential diagnosis, 77 epidemiology, 77 etiology, 77 Malassezia species, 76 pediatric diseases, children of color, 337 petaloid seborrhea, 76 therapeutic options, 77, 78 Selective photothermolysis, 238 Shaffer, J., 189 Silicone gel sheeting (SGS), 189, 192, 200 Skin biophysical properties, 4 5 cancers BCC, 212 214 histologic differences, 211 212 HMF, 216, 217 malignant melanoma, 214, 216 ozone layer, 212 SCC, 214 215 screening and prevention, 217 218 treatment options, 216 217 cell layers, 5 corneocyte variability, 5 cultural differences, 13 15 functional differences barrier function, 8 9 blood vessel, 9 10 cutaneous appendages, 12 13 percutaneous absorption, 8 9 photoprotection, 10 11 skin reactivity, 9 10 vitamin D production, 11 12 laxity description, 231 infrared tightening, 231 232 radiofrequency (RF), 231 myths, African American community, 301 303 resurfacing procedures (see Chemical peels; Microdermabrasion) structure and function, 2 3 Soft tissue augmentation hyaluronic acid bacterial-derived, 251 description, 250 251 enhancement precautions, 251, 253 overview, 251, 252 viscoelastic, 251 photoaging, 233 234 soft tissue fillers, blacks, 250 stimulatory fillers, 253 255 Sontheimer, R.D., 51, 75 Sperling, L.C., 131 Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 214 215 Stashower, M., 201 Steen, V.D., 72 Stoughton, R.B., 9 Stratum corneum, 2, 6 Stulberg, D.L., 59 Suction blister graft technique, 174 Sunenshine, P.J., 78 Superficial chemical peels acne, 27 alpha hydroxy acids, 286 288 beta hydroxy acid, 288 289 Jessner s solution, 290 291 PIH, 27 tretinoin, 292 293 trichloroacetic acid (TCA), 291 292 Syphilis annular, 79 description, 78 differential diagnosis, 80 epidemiology, 79 laboratory, 80 treatment, 81 Systemic sclerosis (SSc) American College of Rheumatology guidelines, 71 anterior chest depigmentation, 72, 73 differential diagnosis, 75 pathogenetic mechanisms, 73 pigmented lesions, 74 prevalence, 72 skin changes, 71, 72 types, 71 Szabo, G., 10 T TA. See Traction alopecia (TA) Talakoub, L., 2 Tan, E.M., 52 Taylor, S., 142 TE. See Telogen effluvium (TE) Tea tree, 308 309 Telogen effluvium (TE), 98 99 Tinea capitis, 342 343 Tinea (pityriasis) versicolor 381
382 Tinea (pityriasis) versicolor (cont.) black skin, 81, 82 description, 81, 343 differential diagnosis, 83 epidemiology, 81 etiology, 82 83 laboratory, 83 prevalence, 81 therapeutic options, 84 Traction alopecia (TA) in childhood, 339, 340 classic pattern, 96, 97 female pattern hair loss, 357, 358 Traditional Asian practice, cutaneous conditions acupuncture adverse effects, 311 description, 309 evaluation process, 310 psoriasis, 310 aromatherapy alopecia areata, 309 contact dermatitis, 309, 310 description, 307 phototoxic reaction, 309 coin rubbing/coining technique, 311 common beliefs, 314 cupping technique, 311 312 henna, 313 314 herbal medicine atopic dermatitis, 306 307 Bowen s disease, 307, 308 macular hypopigmentation, 307, 308 psoriasis, 307 moxibustion technique, 312, 313 sak yant, 312 Transepidermal water loss (TEWL), 4 Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) medium-depth chemical peels, 295 superficial chemical peels, 291 292 Trichorrhexis nodosa, 339 Trichotillomania (TTM), 100 101 Trindade, F., 154 Tyndall effect. See Mongolian spots U Unna, 280 V Veen, R., 198 Viscoelastic hyaluronic acid, 251 Vitamin E, 203 204 Vitiligo autoimmune pathogenesis, 172 autologous minigrafts, 174 autologous thin Thiersch graft, 174 clinical variants, 172 depigmentation, 174 175 description, 172 diagnosis, 172 excimer laser therapy, 174 narrowband UVB, 173 psoralen photochemotherapy, 174 PUVA therapy, 173, 174 response rates, 175 suction blister grafts, 174 topical corticosteroids, 173 types, 172 Voight/Futcher s lines, 331 W Wang, C.C., 145 Wang, H.W., 154 Warrier, A.G., 5 Wasserbauer, N., 46, 48 Watanabe, S., 154 Water content (WC), 4 5 Watkins, D.B., 163 Weaver, S.M., 129 Wesley, N.O., 2 White spot parapsoriasis description, 84 differential diagnosis, 85 epidemiology, 85 etiology/pathophysiology, 85 histopathology, 85 laboratory findings, 85 treatment, 86 Wickham s striae, 48 Wickrema, W.J., 9 Wiley, J., 153 Williams, C., 197 Willis, I., 142 Wilson, D., 4 Wolff, K., 72, 75 Wolfrey, J., 59 Y Yamaguchi, Y., 11 Yantra tattooing. See Sak yant