Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 12 (2004) 185 189 Index Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type. A Acromioclavicular joint, MR imaging findings concerning, 161 Acromion, types of, 77 79 Adhesive capsulitis, 65 66 arthrography in, 80 81 scintigraphy in, 90 ultrasound in, 84 ALPSA lesion, 101, 102 Arthritis, rheumatoid, and septic arthritis, of shoulder, 111 124 of shoulder, cartilage destruction in, 121 122 clinical characteristics of, 116 117 imaging in, 117 122 incidence of, 116 MR imaging in, 118 121 synovial cysts and, 120, 122 septic, and rheumatoid arthritis, of shoulder, 111 124 of rotator cuff interval, 67, 68 of shoulder, clinical presentation of, 112 114 imaging findings in, 114 115, 116 source of infection with, 111 112, 113 Arthrography, disadvantages of, 81 in rotator cuff tears, 79 80, 81 MR. See Magnetic resonance arthrography. Arthroplasty, cemented unconstrained total shoulder, 179 180 problems after, 180 of shoulder, MR imaging after, 179 180 B Bankart lesion, 30, 32, 98, 99, 101 102, 107 Biceps-labral complex, evaluation of, 29 30 Biceps tendon, dislocation of, 54, 69 70 on MR arthrography, 69 70 long, MR imaging findings concerning, 163 pathology of, 69 70 on MR arthrography, 69 70 ultrasound of, 85 86 Bone, MR imaging findings concerning, 163 164 of shoulder, benign tumors of, 132 134 Bone cyst(s), aneurysmal, 134 simple (unicameral), 134 Bone tumors, malignant, of shoulder, 134 136 Buford complex, 13 14, 16, 107 108 Bursae, about shoulder, 7 C Capsule, sites of attachment of, identification of, 31 Cartilage, articular, composition of, 149 of shoulder, physiologic MR imaging of, 149 Chondroblastoma, 132 Chondroma, 133 Chondromatosis, synovial, 131 Chondrosarcoma, 135 136 Clavicle, distal, posttraumatic osteolysis of, 56 Computed tomography, in rotator cuff disease, 86 90 Contrast agents, for MR arthrography, 25 Coracoacromial arch, 5 6 Coracoacromial ligament, ossification of, 77, 78 Cyst(s), bone, 134 ganglion, MR imaging findings concerning, 166 of rotator cuff interval, 71 72 intramuscular, 52 53 paralabral, of rotator cuff interval, 71 72 synovial, rheumatoid arthritis of shoulder and, 120, 122 with superior labral tears, 105, 106, 107 1064-9689/04/$ - see front matter Ó 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/s1064-9689(04)00030-3
186 Index / Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 12 (2004) 185 189 D Deltoid muscle, MR imaging findings concerning, 162 Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, 137 Desmoid tumor, extraabdominal, 127, 136 137 Diffusion-weighted imaging, 155 157 E Echo imaging, gradient-recalled, 144 Elastofibroma, 127, 137 Enchondroma, 133 Ewing s sarcoma, recurrent, 130, 136 Exostosis, 133 F Fibromatosis, 127, 136 137 Fibrosarcoma, 136, 137 Fibrous dysplasia, 133 134 Frozen shoulder. See Adhesive capsulitis. G Gadolinium-enhanced imaging, 150 Ganglion cyst, MR imaging findings concerning, 166 of rotator cuff interval, 71 72 Giant cell tumor, 134 GLAD lesion, 102 Glenohumeral cartilage, degeneration of, following shoulder surgery, 177 Glenohumeral joint, anatomy of, 61 bony structures of, 1 MR imaging findings concerning, 164 165 postoperative, MR imaging of, 36 soft tissues of, 1 5 stability of, rotator cuff interval in, 64 65 vacuum phenomenon in, 75, 76 Glenohumeral joint capsule, MR imaging findings concerning, 165 Glenohumeral ligament(s), 64 anatomy of, 11 anterior ( spiral ), 15 basic biomechanics of, 16 17 evaluation of, 30 31 humeral avulsion of, 21 23 inferior, anatomy of, 15, 17 humeral avulsion of, 32, 33 34 pathology of, 21 23 middle, anatomy of, 12 13, 14 pathology of, 19 21 variants of, 13 15 MR imaging of, 11 24 pathology of, 17 18 superior, anatomy of, 11 12, 13 pathology of, 18 19 variants of, 12, 13 Glenoid, MR imaging findings concerning, 164 Glenoid fossa, rotator cuff tendons, labrum, and Glenoid labrum, evaluation of, 28 29 MR arthrography of, 97 MR imaging findings concerning, 166 MR imaging of, 97 109 technique of, 97 tear of, MR arthrography in, 97 98 Greater tuberosity, fracture of, 55, 56 H Hemangioma, 128, 137 Hill-Sachs lesion, 84, 85, 87 88, 100 Histiocytoma, benign fibrous, 136 malignant fibrous, 136, 137, 138 Humeral head, MR imaging findings concerning, 164 I Imaging studies, comparative, of shoulder, results of, 82 83 Imaging techniques, alternative, 75 96 Inflammatory joint disease, imaging in, 86 L Labroligamentous periosteral sleeve avulsion, anterior, 31, 32 33 Labrum, glenoid fossa, rotator cuff tendons, and normal, ultrasound of, 85 pathology of, 32 superior, anterior to posterior tears of. See SLAP lesion(s).
Index / Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 12 (2004) 185 189 187 Langerhans cell histiocytosis, 139 Langer s muscular arch, 8 Leiomyosarcoma, 138 Lesser tuberosity, avulsion of, 54, 55 Ligaments, glenohumeral. See Glenohumeral ligament(s). Lipoma(s), 127, 136 deep, 127 intraosseous, 134 Lipoma arborescens, 139 Liposarcoma, 137 Lymphadenopathy, 131 Lymphoma, about shoulder, 136 M Magnetic resonance arthrography, 144 145 contrast agents for, 25 gadolinium for, 25, 27, 28 in tear of glenoid labrum, 97 98 of glenoid labrum, 97 of shoulder, 25 38 indications for, 25 with arm in ABER position, 26, 27 protocol for, 40 technical complications of, 27 28 technique of, 25 27 Magnetic resonance coils, 144 Magnetic resonance image contrast, 144 Magnetic resonance imaging, advanced, morphologic methods of, 145 149 of shoulder, 143 159 at 3.0 Tesla, 148 149, 152 contrast-enhanced, 150 conventional methods of, 144 145 diffusion-weighted, 155 157 Dixon steady-state free precession, 147, 152 high-resolution, 145 in instability of shoulder, 99 104 intraarticular coils and, 154 155 of glenohumeral ligament, 11 24 of glenoid labrum, 97 109 of rotator cuff, 39 60 of rotator cuff interval, 61 73 of rotator cuff tendons, glanoid fossa, labrum, and ligaments of shoulder, 1 10 of shoulder, after surgery, 169 183 of tumors and tumor-like lesions of shoulder, 125 141 short TE, 153 154 shoulder surgeon knowlege from, 161 168 sodium, 152 steady-state free precession, 146 147 T2 mapping in, 150 152 Multiple myeloma, 136 Myositis ossificans, 129, 139 N Nerve sheath tumors, malignant peripheral, 137 138 Neurofibroma, 128, 137 Neurovascular structures, about shoulder, 7 9 Nodular fasciitis, 136 O Ollier s disease, chondrosarcoma in, 135 Os acromiale, 6 in impingement, 79 Osteoarthritis, 143 Osteochondroma, 133 Osteochondromatosis, synovial, 138 139 Osteoid osteoma, 132, 133 Osteosarcoma, 130, 131, 134 135 telangiectatic, 130 P Paralabral cyst, of rotator cuff interval, 71 72 Parsonage-Turner syndrome, 56 Peribursal fat plane, 75, 76 Perthes lesion, 101, 102 diagnosis of, 31, 32 Q Quadrilateral space, 8, 9 R Rhabdomyosarcoma, 138 Rotator cuff, anatomy of, 6 7, 8 calcification of, 75, 76, 86
188 Index / Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 12 (2004) 185 189 Rotator (continued) disease of, 75, 77 computed tomography in, 86 90 evaluation of, 32 34 impingement of, 42 48 internal, 47 48 primary extrinsic: subacromial, 43 45 primary extrinsic: subcoracoid, 45 47 secondary extrinsic, 47 MR imaging findings concerning, 162 163 MR imaging of, 39 60 anatomic considerations in, 40 42 muscle atrophy of, 57 muscles of, after surgery, MR imaging of, 176 177 retear of, MR imaging of, 36 surgery of, acromioplasty and subacromial decompression in, 170 171 persistent symptoms after, 171 172 acromioplasty in, MR findings following, 173 MR imaging after, clinical considerations in, 170 171 persistent symptoms after, 172 173 techniques for, 172 tear(s) of, 76 77, 78 arthrography in, 79 80, 81 classification of, 35 36 fatty degeneration and, 87 full-thickness, 50 54, 55 interval, 54 mimics of, 55 58 muscle transfer in, 173 partial-thickness, 48 50 repair of, MR findings following, 173 174, 175 scintigraphy in, 90 ultrasound in, 86 tendinopathy of, 48 tendinosis of, 83 84 tendon abnormalities of, 48 54 ultrasound of, 81 86 Rotator cuff interval, anatomy of, 62 64 definition of, 61 ganglion cyst of, 71 72 magnetic resonance imaging of, 61 73 technique of, 61 62 paralabral cyst of, 71 72 pathology of, 65 rheumatologic disorders involving, 66 67 septic arthritis of, 67, 68 tear of, 67 69 Rotator cuff tendons, glenoid fossa, labrum, and Rotator interval, MR imaging findings concerning, 165 S Scintigraphy, in rotator cuff tears, 90 Septic arthritis. See Arthritis, septic. Shoulder, abduction and external rotation (ABER position) of, 100 101 advanced MR imaging of, 143 159 arthroplasty of, MR imaging after, 179 180 articular cartilage in, assessment of, 143 benign bone tumors of, 132 134 benign soft tissue tumors of, 136 137 bursae about, 7 cartilage of, physiologic MR imaging of, 149 157 comparative imaging studies of, results of, 82 83 dislocation of, 11 locked, management of, 178 instability of, 99, 100 MR evaluation in, 99 104 surgery in, MR imaging following, 177 postoperative problems following, 178 179 techniques of, 177 178 ultrasound in, 84 85 ligaments of, glenoid fossa, rotator cuff tendons, and labrum, MR imaging of malignant bone tumors of, 134 136 malignant soft tissue tumors of, 137 138 MR arthrography of, 25 38 MR imaging of, after surgery, 169 183 minimizing artifacts in, 169 170, 171 standard protocols for, 170 technique for, 169 170 tendons and, 174 176 in asymptomatic patients, after surgery, 173 174 neoplasms of, detection and characterization of, 127 128 extent in bone, 128 129 extent in soft tissue, 129 130 joint involvement in, 130, 131 MR imaging in, 126 132 neurovascular involvement in, 130 131 staging of, 128
Index / Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 12 (2004) 185 189 189 neuromas of, posttraumatic, 131 neurovascular structures about, 7 9 normal anatomy and anatomic variations of, 28 32 postoperative, MR imaging of, 36 ultrasound of, 84 posttraumatic instability of, imaging of, 88 89 septic arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis of, 111 124 stabilizers of, and shoulder instability, 97 99, 100 successfully treated, MR findings in, 178, 179 surgery of, glenohumeral cartilage degeneration following, 177 tumors involving, MR imaging findings concerning, 166 tumors of, and tumor-like lesions of, MR imaging of, 125 141 MR-guided biopsy of, 131 132 MR imaging for follow-up of, 132 prevalence of, 125 126 suspected, MR imaging techniques in, 126 Shoulder surgeon, knowlege from MR, 161 168 SLAP lesion(s), 70 71, 103, 104 107 imaging of, 89 repair of, 178 Soft tissue, sarcoma of, 137, 138 tumors of, benign, of shoulder, 136 137 malignant, of shoulder, 137 138 Spin-echo imaging, Dixon fast, 145 146, 150 fast, 144 T1- and T2-weighted, 144 Subacromial space, MR imaging findings concerning, 161 162 narrowing of, 76 77, 78 Subacromiodeltoid bursa, 7, 8 Superior labrum anterior to posterior lesions. See SLAP lesion(s). Suprascapular nerve, 8 Supraspinatus outlet, 79 Synovial cysts, rheumatoid arthritis of shoulder and, 120, 122 Synovial inflammatory processes, 65 67 Synovial sarcoma, 138 T Tumoral calcinosis, 139 U Ultrasound, in instability of shoulder, 84 85 of biceps tendon, 85 86 of postoperative shoulder, 84 of rotator cuff, 81 86 three-dimensional, of rotator cuff, 83 V Villonodular synovitis, pigmented, 139