Nutritinal Interventin Effectiveness in Onclgy Patients Receiving Active Anti-Cancer Treatment: A Systematic Review Amanda Adams, RN, BSN, DNP-s FNP Track University at Buffal Schl f Nursing
Disclser Learner Objectives: Infrm n the current state f science regarding nutritinal interventins in nclgy patients. Understand ptential fr quality nutritinal interventin strategies fr cancer patients n treatment. Additinally: Prvide platfrm fr future research n tpic. N cnflicts f interest exist fr this review r the infrmatin presented herein. N spnsrship r cmmercial supprt was prvided fr this review r presentatin. Emplyer: Erie Cunty Medical Center, Center fr Cancer Care, Buffal, NY, USA.
Acknwledgements Jessica Castner, RN, PhD (University at Buffal) Mentr and lead faculty supprt. Jennifer Frustin, DDS, PhD, and Carly Gerretsn, FNP-C, RNFA f Erie Cunty Medical Center Secnd and third reviewers fr inclusin/exclusin prcess.
Cancer has the mst devastating ecnmic impact f any cause f death in the wrld (The American Cancer Sciety, 2010, p. 2). Intrductin Cancer is leading cause f death wrldwide (Natinal Cancer Institute, 2016). Cancer treatments (e.g. chemtherapy, radiatin, chemradiatin) cme with related c-mrbidities and side effects. Malnutritin and prgressive weight lss. Why is malnutritin a big deal?
Purpse f Systematic Review Lk at present state f science n nutritinal interventins and effects n weight maintenance infrm practice ptential. Identify if any gaps in literature exist. Where/hw can we be mre impactful in ur practice? What interventin(s) wrk(s) best? Pht credit: http://mynetwrk.accc-cancer.rg/blgs/acccbuzz-blg/2015/02/02/8- strategies-t-help-gastric-cancer-patients-cpe-with-nutritin-prblems-during-treatment
Methds Medline & CINAHL Plus databases searched. McMaster University Quality Appraisal Tl fr Quantitative Studies used fr quality analysis. P I C O T Inclusin Criteria Adults (18+), any cancer diagnsis at any stage, n active anticancer treatment (chem, radiatin, chemrads), mnitr weight lss/malnutritin. Nutritin educatin, supplementatin, r cmbinatin. N interventin; interventin nt nutritin related. Observatin, randmized/cntrlled, interventin, r case studies. Outcme measured weight, perfrmance status, and/r hspital admissins. Frm 1980 t 2015 included in review.
Key Phrase Search Table summarizing search terms and crrespnding number f hits by term prgressin. Database Searched & Number f Hits Key Phrase Searched Medline CINAHL Plus cancer OR nclgy 1,627,905 22,036 nutritin interventin OR nutritinal prgram weight maintenance OR weight lss OR weight gain (cancer OR nclgy) AND (nutritinal interventin OR nutritinal prgram) AND (weight maintenance OR weight lss OR weight gain) 1,933 843 123,187 30,659 67 27
Key Phrase Search (cancer OR nclgy) AND (nutritinal interventin OR nutritinal prgram) AND (weight maintenance OR weight lss OR weight gain) Ttal Medline hits: 67; CINAHL Plus hits: 27
Results Integrated Thery f Health Behavir Change guided synthesis f results: prximal (shrt-term) and distal (lng-term) gals (Ryan, 2009). Prximal Gals: Six ut f seven studies fund that nutritinal interventin (educatin and/r supplementatin) significantly imprved weight (gains, n lsses). Distal Gals: Tw ut f seven studies fund hspital admissins were reduced in nutritinal interventin grups. One study fund imprved perfrmance status (ECOG scres) with early nutritinal educatin interventin. What des this mean fr practice?
Practice Implicatins Intensive/fcused early educatin, supplementatin, r cmbinatin significantly benefits: Weight maintenance Imprved perfrmance status Decrease in hspital stays Opprtunity fr further research Expansin r imprvements t current literature
Questins Pht credit: http://www.humansphere.rg/tag/fred-hutchinsn-cancer-research-center/
References American Cancer Sciety. (2012). The Glbal Ecnmic Cst f Cancer. Retrieved frm http://www.cancer.rg/acs/grups/cntent/@internatinalaffairs/dcuments/d cument/acspc-026203.pdf Argiles, J. M. (2005). Cancer-assciated malnutritin. Eurpean Jurnal f Onclgy Nursing, 9, 39-50. Cutsem, E. V. & Arends, J. (2005). The causes and cnsequences f cancer-assciated malnutritin. Eurpean Jurnal f Onclgy Nursing, 9, 51-63. Natinal Cancer Institute. (2016). Cancer Statistics. Retrieved frm http://www.cancer.gv/abut-cancer/understanding/statistics. Ryan, P. (2009). Integrated thery f health behavir change: Backgrund and interventin develpment. Clinical Nurse Specialist 23(3), 161-172. Di: 10.1097/NUR.0b013e3181a42373.