What is it? Ear of Teosinite

What is it? Ear of Teosinite

The amazing corn kernel just became more amazing! Introducing Enogen Corn

Corn has Come a Long Way Over the Course of the Last 7000 Years

That Little Kernel is full of little Goodies! Great Energy Source ~7500 btu s/lb 3 Major Components Pericarp ~ 6% of the Kernel But 50% of Fiber in the Kernel Endosperm ~ 80% of Kernel Starch Source of energy for the germinating seed 2 Components Floury Endosprem: is the softer more accessible starch Horneous Endosperm: harder to access starch as granules are embedded in a dense protein matrix Germ 12% of the Kernel Comprised 25% fat (corn oil) Essential Amino Acids

The Amazing Kernel Is a great feedstock full of all those goodies, and it is; Energy Dense Easy to ship Stores Well

Amazing Kernel Continues to Evolve Over the Course of the last 30 years Corn Yields have almost doubled Improved Genetics Molecular Breeding Biotechnology (Traits)

Next Step in the Evolution of that Amazing Kernel Enogen Corn

What is Enogen corn-expressed amylase? Robust, optimized alpha-amylase enzyme delivered directly in the corn grain required by every ethanol plant alpha-amylase Features Broad Temperature Range and ph Tolerance

Enogen is a Thermostable Alpha Optimal Operating Temp 194 F or 90 C Denaturing Begins to Occur at 238 F or 115 C after 8 minutes No issues with Jet Cooker No Need for Secondary Alpha Dose Syngenta Public Information

Enogen Corn has Broad Range ph Tolerance +90% Activity from 4.2 6.0 ph Broad ph Tolerance No ph Adjustment Required in Cook Eliminating NH3 addition to Cook Reducing Sulfuric Additions for ph Adjustment

Enzyme s Unique Mode of Action Enogen s Mode of Action: exhibits a random attack which quickly reduces chain length. This rapid reduction in the amylose chain length leads to a dramatic break in viscosity. Conventional alphas exhibit a multiple attack which generates smaller reducing sugars without significantly reducing chain length. The difference in enzyme mechanics cannot be overcome by increased dosage.

What does the Unique Mode of Action Mean? Improved Starch Hydrolysis 9.0 Residual Starch 8.0 7.0 Enogen Trial % Residual Starch 6.0 5.0 4.0 3.0 Res Starch with Glucose Res Starch w/o Sugars 2.0 1.0 0.0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28

What does the Unique Mode of Action Mean? Increase in Soluble Sugars Total Sugars Liquefaction 40 35 Enogen Trial 30 25 20 Competitors Liq Alpha 15 10 5 0 3/4/14 3/7/14 3/10/14 3/13/14 3/16/14 3/19/14 3/22/14 3/25/14 3/28/14 3/31/14 4/3/14 4/6/14 4/9/14 4/12/14 4/15/14 4/18/14 4/21/14 4/24/14 4/27/14 4/30/14 5/3/14 5/6/14 5/9/14 5/12/14 5/15/14 5/18/14 5/21/14 5/24/14 5/27/14 5/30/14 6/2/14 6/5/14 6/8/14 6/11/14 6/14/14 6/17/14 6/20/14 6/23/14 6/26/14 6/29/14 7/2/14 7/5/14 7/8/14 7/11/14 7/14/14 7/17/14 7/20/14 7/23/14 7/26/14 7/29/14 UNIT 2 CONV. II 4.2 DP4+ DP3 DP2 DP1

Enogen Corn Reduced Starch + Increase Soluble Sugars = YIELD

Enogen Viscosity Break Viscosity Break is Significant ~ 50% Decrease in Mash Viscosity in Cook ~ 50% Decrease in variability range in Mash viscosity Increased Thermal Conductivity of Mash Efficiency Gains in Heat Exchangers Reduction in Pumping amps are immediate Processing Flexibility De-water Plant Increased throughput Increased Yield Or Both

Slurry 36.5% Solids As of July 25, 2013

Fermentation with Enogen Corn DE s coming out of Liq will increase to ~20 Need to Remember we are creating new/additional fermentable sugars: 10% increase on average These Sugars are Fermentable GA Dosing and Dosing Scheme has to be Correct in order to convert additional sugars into glucose

Fermentation with Enogen Corn Amazing Kernel is full of Goodies Utilizing Protein in the Kernel as a portion of our N source for Fermentation Displacing Urea with Protease on a Dollar to Dollar Basis resulting in improved yeast health and more consistent fermentations Impact to Yeast 20% Increase in Viability 20% Increase in Budding Healthy and Robust

Reference Data: +100 Ferms at 35% Solids 35% Solids Solids % DP-4 DP-3 DP-2 Glucose Lactic Glycerol Acetic Etahnol % TRS Average 34.93 0.44 0.19 0.65 0.06 0.10 1.31 0.06 15.01 1.35 Std Dev 0.21 0.05 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.02 0.05 0.01 0.17 0.10 Min 34.06 0.39 0.16 0.48 0.02 0.07 1.22 0.05 14.53 1.2 Max 35.42 0.63 0.28 0.75 0.31 0.21 1.41 0.08 15.39 1.72

Viscosity Reduction and New Technologies Particle Size Reduction Technologies First Trials at Facilities with New Technologies Appears to be some Synergies between Enogen and These technologies Further Reduction In Residual Starch Improved Yield Oil Separation Technologies Initial Experiments and Trials show Enogen appears to release more Oil for Extraction Initial Trial Results combining New Particle Size Reduction Technologies and Enogen further increase oil extraction

That Little Kernel is full of little Goodies! Cellulosic Ethanol Production Great Fiber Source already on hand ~ 10% of the Kernel is Fiber Syngenta believes Enogen Corn will help advance the next steps in the Renewable Fuels Industry

Summary

Enogen Corn Goes Beyond Liquid Alpha Amylase Enzyme Replacement Value drivers at ethanol plant: Processing flexibility Reduced energy and water use Reduced chemical usage Increased throughput and yield potential Intangibles Business Confidential - Do Not Distribute

Enogen: WIN WIN WIN Enables reduced inputs and increased outputs increasing profitability Local growers receive an additional 40 per bushel (on average) 10% reduction in carbon footprint and GDP impact ( $2.2M in premiums¹)

Meet your New Enzyme Rep! (Enogen Corn Grower) As of July 25, 2013