Hemp Oil: Nutritional or Medicinal TERRENCE SHENFIELD MS, RRT-ACCS, RPFT, NPS, AE-C

Hemp Oil: Nutritional or Medicinal TERRENCE SHENFIELD MS, RRT-ACCS, RPFT, NPS, AE-C

Objectives What is CBD oil What is Hemp oil What is the difference Methods of extraction Medicinal uses Nutritional uses

Google search Typed in Hemp Oil into Google 1,920,000 results in.5 seconds Some titles: Nutiva Organic Hemp Oil - 24 fl oz. bottle Hemp Seed Oil (Cold Pressed) 3 Bottles x 16 fl oz. Vitacost Certified Organic Hemp Oil - Non-GMO 24 fl oz (710 ml) JOINT RITIS ROLL-ON WITH HEMP SEED OIL 1.3 OZ Nutiva Organic Superfood Hemp Oil - 8 fl oz bottle Charlotte's Web Natural Hemp Oil Extract 200mg 30ml Bottle Pure Hemp Seed Oil for Skin and Face BEAUTYOILS.CO

Google search Typed in CBD Oil into Google 8,750,000 results in.5 seconds Some titles: New DEA Rule Says CBD Oil is Really, Truly, No-Joke Illegal Leafly 10 Little-Known Uses for CBD High Times 5 Must-Know Facts About Cannabidiol (CBD) - Leaf Science Canabidol CBD Oil Buy Legal Cannabis Oil Cannabidiol Elixinol Products Elixinol The Drug Enforcement Administration Isn't Making CBD Oil Illegal Yet PhytoCannaBinoiD Oil - Innovet Pet Products

Confused?

World of Marijuana is Changing Recreational marijuana use is now allowed in 8 states Legalization is paving the way toward more research The way the drug is viewed by the public is changing How marijuana is sold, delivered, and consumed are also changing: Infused in wine Edibles of all sorts Vapes Multitude of varieties

World of Marijuana is Changing Pot is America s fastest growing industry. The marijuana trade is worth about $2.7 billion in 2016. That s up 74% from last year. Celebrities marketing their own brands of pot, including Willie Nelson, Snoop Dogg and the Marley family. There s also a new subscription delivery service: Potbox.

So exactly how does medical cannabis help patients? Endocannabinoid system CB1receptor sites CB2 receptor sites CBD THC

Cannabis Complex alkaloid mixture of more than 400 compounds derived from the Cannabis sativa plant 60 different compounds described with activity on the cannabinergic system Most abundant cannabinoids are Delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) Cannabidiol (CBD) Cannabinol (CBN)

Different Types of Cannabis Cannabis Indica: Higher CBD (Cannabidiol) content than THC CBD has a sedative effect Indica strains are more effective in treating ailments including anxiety, pain, nausea, appetite stimulation, sleep, muscle spasms and tremors, and much more. Cannabis Sativa: Higher THC content making it much more potent Creates a more cerebral, energetic, and soaring effect Create more of a stimulant effect, which has shown to be effective in treating migraines, pain, nausea, depression, and is also good for appetite stimulation. Hemp: Hemp is one of the oldest domesticated crops known to man Used for fiber and other products including CBD Oil

The Endocannabinoid System Endogenous cannabinoid receptors have been identified Anandamide 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) Scientists have now identified cannabinoids found in the cannabis plant (phytocannabinoids) that mimic the effects of some endocannabinoids Cannabinoids are a diverse set of chemical compounds that bind to special receptors in the human body

Endocannabinoid System Receptors Found in every animal and regulates a broad range of biological functions. Primary cannabinoid receptors are identified CB1 CB2 There are more receptors being researchedmore to come!

CB1 and CB2 receptors CB1 receptors Marijuana s psychoactive effects. They are present in many areas of the brain and play a role in memory, mood, sleep, appetite and pain sensation. CB2 receptors They are found in immune cells and work to reduce inflammation. Inflammation is an immune response and is believed to be a factor in many diseases and conditions.

Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) THC is the most abundant cannabinoid present in cannabis products on the market today Psychoactive effects experienced when consuming cannabis. When you smoke or ingest cannabis, THC travels into the bloodstream and eventually binds to cannabinoid receptors throughout your body Affect memory, concentration, pleasure, coordination, sensory and time perception, appetite and many more important functions.

Cannabidiol (CBD) Tremendous medical potential Ratio of CBD to THC is important to treat different medical conditions CBD acts as an antagonist at both the CB1 and CB2 receptors

What is CBD Oil? Typically extracted from Hemp plant by steam distillation just like essential oils in aromatherapy Hemp which has lower levels of THC Can be extracted from Cannabis sativa but then will contain higher levels of THC Various health benefits CBD lacks psychoactive effects and risk of abuse

Cannabidiol (CBD) versus THC THC and CBD molecules present in largest amounts in cannabis Most recognized and studied compounds CBD has opposing effect of THC Classified as phytocannabinoids (as opposed to endocannabinoids and cannabinoids that are manufactured artificially), both CBD and THC interact with specific cells in our brains. THC Psychoactive cannabinoid, THC is responsible for the high from smoking marijuana so production and usage are strictly regulated (even in WA, OR, CO and AK). CBD naturally occurring cannabinoid and the second most abundant molecule in Cannabis plant. CBD is legal and safe to consume

What is difference between Hemp Oil and CBD Oil? Hemp and marijuana are cannabis plants Hemp oil is produced by the seeds whereas CBD is CO2 extraction or steam distillation Hemp oil contains low levels of CBD typically less than 25 parts per million CBD oil from Cannabis sativa can be up to 15% CBD Some unscrupulous sellers of hemp oil are trying to market it for its medicinal value as CBD oil No FDA of determining quality of CBD Oil

Benefits of CBD Oil Antioxidant for age related illness Seizure disorders and epilepsy (Charlotte s Web CBD Oil) Antibacterial Rheumatoid arthritis Inhibits cancer cell growth (anti-tumor effect) Neuro-protective Inflammation Pain relief Suppresses muscle spasm ( THC and CBD) Reduces vomiting and nausea Promotes a calming and sedative effect

CBD oil acts as a natural pain killer Natural pain killer CBD activates the same brain areas as opioids Important role in the control of synaptic transmission in pain pathways Act as neuromodulators for a series of physiological processes among which pain-sensation Analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties CBD oil can reduce the pain in arthritis

CBD oil is a neuroprotective agent Reduces oxidative stress and prevents neurodegradation Crohn s disease, rheumatoid arthritis, gastric ulcers, Alzheimer s disease, Parkinson s disease CBD oil inhibits the production of glutamate there-by protecting brain cells and reducing the risk of ischemic damage

CBD oil is beneficial for skin CBD oil has anti-inflammatory effects and can inhibit the production of sebum and good for treating acne Inhibits the production of sebocytes and exerts antiproliferative effects, while reducing inflammation

Skin conditions and role of CBD oil SKIN CANCER Demonstrate that AEA (Arachidonoyl ethanolamide induced apoptosis) induced cytotoxicity against human melanoma cells PSORIASIS Inhibit keratinocyte proliferation PRURITUS Antipruritic effect and reduction in itch by 86.4% ALLERGIC CONTACT DERMATITIS Attenuation of allergic contact dermatitis Protective role of the endocannabinoid system

Is CBD from hemp as good as CBD from marijuana? The short answer is YES! Some strains have very high level of CBD to THC ratio Certain strains benefit different conditions Charlotte's Web gave CBD the very popularity it is now experiencing

How is CBD Oil Made? 3 methods C02 method Supercritical fluid extraction By pushing C02 through the plant at high pressures and low temperatures, CBD can be extracted in its purest form Ethanol method CBD oil can be extracted using high-grain alcohol Steam distillation Oil method Involves extraction using a carrier oil such as olive oil

What is Hemp Oil? Not for medical marijuana patients Hemp is often mistaken for marijuana ( hash oil) Low levels of THC Hemp oil has less than 25 ppm of THC CBD oil has 150,000 ppm of THC and is mainly produced by flowers

Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Genetically distinct from recreational marijuana Same species different varieties Non-psychoactive THC Content <0.3% Grown by 30+ nations as an agricultural commodity Heights up to 16ft Drought tolerant after first 6 weeks Resistant to light frost Pest damage and disease outbreak are rare

Byproducts and Uses *Figure from D.G. Kraenzel et al. (1998)

How is Hemp oil produced Cold pressing hemp seeds Green in color and nutty taste Not the same as Hash oil with very little THC Manufactured by the Cannabis sativa plant Used in skin creams, shampoos, and detergents Has a high nutritional value Omega-6 to omega-3 essential fatty acids

So- What is the legal implications of hemp oil? Legal for purchase in the U.S. DEA attempted to ban people and companies from importing and selling food products The Hemp Industries Association responded to this block by successfully suing the DEA and won saying this is a food product Congress voted to include an amendment in the Farm Bill that would legalize hemp production for research purposes

Nutritional Value of Hemp Seed 20-25% Protein Hemp Seed Oil Macrocomposition Components Results 20-30% Carbohydrates 10-15% Fiber 20-35% Oil Content Omega 3 fatty Acids Essential: Linoleic Acid and α-linolenic Acid Vitamin E, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, magnesium, sulfur, calcium, iron and zinc. Fatty Acids (% w/w) Linoleic Acid (18:2 Ω6) 52-62 α-linolenic Acid (18:3 Ω3) 12-23 Oleic Acid (18:1 Ω9) 8-13 Palmitic Acid (16:0) 5-7 Stearic Acid (18:0) 1-2 γ-linolenic Acid (18:3 Ω6) 3-4 Eicosanoic Acid (20:0) 0.39-0.79 Eicosenoic Acid (20:1) 0.51 Eicosadienoic Acid (20:2) 0 Natural Products Cannabidiol 10 mg/kg Δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) nd Myrcene 160 mg/l β-caryophyllene 740 mg/l β-sitosterol α-tocopherol γ-tocopherol Methyl salicylate 100-148 g/l tr 468 mg/l tr

Hemp oil benefits HORMONAL BALANCE Hemp is the only edible seed containing GLA (gamma linoleic acid) and Magnesium rich chlorophyll Great with skin and PMS conditions CARDIOVASCULAR TONIC Omega 6 series fatty acids in maintaining cardiovascular health Decreasing blood pressure, platelet stickiness and in decreasing fibrinogen levels a key marker in atherosclerosis

Hemp oil benefits ANTI-INFLAMMATORY/ALLERGIC Omega 3 fatty acids help produce prostaglandin 3 (PG3) which is a potent anti-inflammatory Essential Fatty Acids (EFAs) in the treatment of many chronic allergic and inflammatory diseases Eczema, psoriasis, lupus and ulcerative colitis ANTI-ARTHRITIC Provides the key fatty acids for long term support and maintenance of arthritic conditions including rheumatoid arthritis

Hemp oil benefits NERVE FUNCTION BRAIN DEVELOPMENT SKIN HEALTH IMMUNE ENHANCEMENT EFAs are required for healthy cell membrane structures, particularly in nerve cells as they are required for the myelin sheath In children, EFAs (DHA specifically) are required for brain development Hemp seed oil provides the fatty acids necessary for maintaining healthy and flexible cell membranes as well as exerting anti-viral, antifungal, and anti-bacterial properties. EFAs have been found to enhance immune function, speed up the rate of immune reactions, help reestablish population control over intestinal bacteria, and enable improved cellular energy for removing waste materials.

Summary Great potential in the treatment of many disorders Federal and state laws are changing daily New research is on the horizon

References Bosy, T. Z., & Cole, K. A. (2000). Consumption and quantitation of Δ9- tetrahydrocannabinol in commercially available hemp seed oil products.journal of analytical toxicology, 24(7), 562-566. Dalterio, S., Steger, R., Mayfield, D., & Bartke, A. (1984). Early cannabinoid exposure influences neuroendocrine and reproductive functions in mice: II. Postnatal effects. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 20(1), 115-123. Leizer, C., Ribnicky, D., Poulev, A., Dushenkov, S., & Raskin, I. (2000). The composition of hemp seed oil and its potential as an important source of nutrition. Journal of Nutraceuticals, functional & medical foods, 2(4), 35-53. Parker, T. D., Adams, D. A., Zhou, K., Harris, M., & Yu, L. (2003). Fatty acid composition and oxidative stability of cold pressed edible seed oils. Journal of food science, 68(4), 1240-1243.