Fact Sheets Taking a closer look at. The Old Cromwell Cemetery Resources for Cromwell Cemetery Background Notes Spreadsheet deaths for Block 1 Spreadsheet deaths for Block 2 (2 pages) Spreadsheet deaths for Block 3 (2 pages) Scatter plot graph template
Cromwell Old Cemetery Background notes There are just over 90 burials represented in the following spreadsheets. The spreadsheets represent the burials that have occurred in three blocks only of the Old Cromwell Cemetery. Not everyone who is buried in these three blocks of the cemetery is listed here. In a number of cases the only information provided about some people from original records is the surname. Data has been included in these lists if either an age at death is provided or a cause of death. This data has been gleaned from both the information provided at the cemetery itself and also from the transcription of remaining headstones, cemetery plans and newspaper records, that were gathered in March 1992 by members of the Dunedin Group of the New Zealand Society of Genealogists (Inc) and members of the Cromwell Family History Society. The earliest recorded name in the cemetery is that of John McLachlan who met an accidental death in 1864. He was aged 37 and is buried in Block 1 Plot 38. The earliest death recorded on a tombstone that is still visible appears to be that of Robert Edwards Block 1 Plot 1. He died 15 August 1868. (The headstone is pictured next page). Most of the burials in Blocks 1, 2 and 3 of the cemetery occurred in the 1870s and 1880s. The purpose of providing these statistics is to allow students who have completed a mortality study within their local city cemetery to compare mortality rates to those of people of a similar time who lived in a different area. The Old Cromwell Cemetery burial indexes provide rich historical data. The age at death, and in some cases cause of death, are recorded. Students are encouraged to transfer the age data onto the recording sheets provided and to carry out the same statistical processes that are part of the Are we living longer: Myth or reality? teaching unit. The data will assist students to answer some questions along the lines of was overcrowding in cities one of the prime causes of early death in children and young adults? This data will also serve to raise other questions such as why there were such a large number of accidental deaths, particularly drownings and earth falls. The high incidence of death due to pneumonia and a typhoid epidemic is also interesting. Students are encouraged to follow up lines of inquiry into these areas.
Fact Sheet Detailed spreadsheet deaths for Block 1 Below: Robert Edwards. Headstone is in Block 1 Plot 1 Plot Name Date of Death Cause of death Age at death 1 Robert Edwards (drapery 15 August 1868-38 shop) 9 Mary Barry 11 April 1870-10 wks 10 Mary Koch 5 February 1870 Dysentery 2 mths 13 Harriet Thompson 21 February 1874-18mths 14 Thomas 10 January 1868 - - 15 James Lory Mitchell (Miner) 13 January 1868-39 17 John William Garrett 30 December 1869 Accident (fall from a horse) 32 18 Patrick Kelly (Hotel owner) 10 July 1871-46 19 Thomas Shanly 26 May 1867 Accident (Drowned Kawarau 29 River) 21 Ellen Gorman 26 February 1871-28 23 G.G. Marshall 24 January 1872-7mths 38 John McLachlan 12 August 1864 Accidental death 28 39 James Gray 19 April 1865 Accidental death 37 41 Joel Chapman 21 November 1875 Accident (fall of earth) 26 42 William Scott 5 April 1892-6wks James Scott 25 June 1870 Accident (Drowned in River) 12 Left: Location of headstone for Joel Chapman. Block 1 Plot 41 Shows location of Block 1
Fact Sheet Detailed spreadsheet deaths for Block 2 - page 1 Robert Paterson headstone Block 2 Plot 12 Plot Name Date of Death Cause of death Age at death 1 John Howe 20 October 1870 Appendicitis 14 2 George Wellington 12 December 1884 Accident (Drowned) 53 Goodger Johanna 7 February 1877-41 Henry Patrick 23 March 1874 Typhoid 14 Mary Anne 23 March 1874 Typhoid 12 Margaret 16 March 1877-2 mths Mary Ann 28 September 1907-39 3 Byron Birnie 10 May 1875-62 Mary Birnie 12February 1876-13 4 Bridget Campion 9 July 1874-32 5 Sarah Wilson 27 May 1876-27 7 Ellen Stumbles 16 June 1917-82 John 12 February 1874 Teething 1 8 George Hayes 24 December 1874 Accident (Barrel of - beer fell on him) 11 W. E. Primate 17 October 1872 Bronchitis Child Helen Bateman 16 July 1873 Typhoid Child 12 Robert Paterson 26 February 1872 46 13/14 Sarah Jane Perriam 26 May 18?? 9 yrs 3 mths John 28 August 1883 54 Charlotte Perriam 8 September 1907 70 Sarah Perriam 28 May 1873 Whooping Cough Child 14/15 Matilda Hebden 13 December 1871-26 16 Jane Bell 6 December 1915 Typhoid 40 Willie 27 March 1874-7 mths William Bell 30 March 1927-87 Emma G.B. Bell 3 December 1938-84 18/19 Mary Brown 24 August 1872-24 Alexandrina Pretsch 2 February 1873 Childbirth 20
Fact Sheet Detailed spreadsheet deaths for Block 2 - page 2 Plot Name Date of Death Cause of death Age at death 20 Margaret Hotop 12 January 1883 Childbirth 22 21 Charlotte Edwards 18 May1872-12 22 John Barter Luscombe 4 November 1871 Accident (Drowned at Quartzville) 37 23 Duncan McKellor 2 August 1890 Dropsy 46 24/25 Matilda Margaret Scally 30 April 1873 Typhoid 11mths 3 days John Scally 27 March 1874 Typhoid 7 yrs 3 mths Mary Scally 2 April 1874 Typhoid 5 yrs 2 mths Sarah Scally 7 April 1874 Typhoid 6 yrs 3 mths Daniel Scally 7 April 1874 Typhoid 3 yrs 7 mths Ellen Scally 1 April 1875 Typhoid 29 26 Helen Bateman 18 July 1873 Typhoid - 27 Margaret Collins 18 December 1873 Childbirth 30 28 Ellen Trudgen 28 January 1874 Childbirth 33 29 Elizabeth Margaret Harvey 19 December 1872 Accident (Drowned) 36 31 Fanny Graham (of Nevis) 27 February 1873 Typhoid - 32 Margaret Haldon 13 December 1874 Appendicitis 23 Margaret Jane Haldon 4 April 1875 Pleurisy 6 mths 33/34 Mary Partridge 4 April 1874 Typhoid 22 35 John Miller 7 April 1872-39 36/37 Emma Hoskins 17 February 1872 Congestion of lungs 30 May Hoskins 26 June 1887 4 mths Left upper: Haldon Headstone Block 2 Plot 32. Left lower: Luscombe Headstone Block 2 Plot 22 Shows location of Block 2
Fact Sheet Detailed spreadsheet deaths for Block 3 - page 1 Williams Headstone Block 3 Plot 9 & 10 Plot Name Date of Death Cause of death Age at death 1 John George Milns 20 April 1874 Typhoid 21 2 William Green 27 April 1874 Typhoid 20 3 Samuel Bottrell 4 October 1874 Accident (Killed by a fall of earth) - 4/5 Esther Wright 12 January 1875-57 Sarah Annie Jones 24 March 1877 Cancer 34 (Infant) Annie 15 May 1877 Pneumonia 4 mths 7 James Beare 13 October 1875 Accident (Killed by a fall of earth) 33 8 John Mason September 1875 Pneumonia - 9/10 William Williams 26 October 1875 Congestion of the lungs 40 (Miner) Mary Williams 16 July 1875 Cardiac 6 yrs 3 mths Sarah Williams 17 February 1907-74 11 Timothy O Leary 5 December 1874 Accident (Killed by a fall of earth) 37 12 Elizabeth Werner 29 July 1874 Appendicitis 22 13 Charles Ferdinand 5 August 1876 Accident (Drowned Kawarau River) 48 Shutz 14 J Greer 27 July 1876 Congestion of the lungs 36 15 James Campbell 5 May 1876 Accident (Fell from a horse) - 17 Jane Thomson 6 February 1874 Dysentery - 19 Alfred Barnes 8 August 1876-18mths 20 J. Wrightson 7 February 1876-20 John Wrightson 24 April 1903-72 21 Henrietta Bettincor 28 May 1874 Typhoid - 22 Susan Towan 8 December 1872 2 years 23 John Munro 19 January 1875 Pneumonia 28 24 S Thomas 31 August 1875 Exposure 40 25 Jamieson Brown 30 October 1875 Pneumonia 37 26 David Roberts 13 October 1875 Pneumonia 36 27 H or E Thompson 29 September 1875-49
Fact Sheet Detailed spreadsheet deaths for Block 3 - page 2 Headstone for James Cossar Block 3 Plot 32 Plot Name Date of Death Cause of death Age at death 28/29 Jane Spence 4 April 1875-34 Adam Spence 15 November 1875-39 30/31 Nanny Maria Jolly 17 April 1875 Bronchitis 26 Frederick Jolly 8 April 1875-1 day Herbert Charles Jolly 12 January 1877 Diarrhoea 6 mths William Grose 24 October 1883-80 32 James Cossar 17 November 1875-61 33 Andrew Bennett 20 December 1876 Accident (Drowned at Quartzville) 1 yr 11 mths 35/36 William Ussher Goodall 10 November 1875 Pleurisy - Thomas Ussher Goodall 1 March 1875 Tuberculosis 3 37 H. Halcrow 21 August 1874 Bronchitis 14 mths 38 Robert Scott 3 November 1875 Pneumonia 51 39 Jane Smith 30 October 1875-15 days 41 Rose Carline 9 May 1876 Childbirth 35 43 Rosina Dagg 22 December 1873 - Child Shows location of Block 3 Selected details for Blocks 1, 2 and 3 are sourced from Cromwell Cemetery Old and New. Investigated and compiled by the Dunedin Group of New Zealand Society of Genealogists (Inc) and the Cromwell Family History Society. Dunedin March 1992
Student Worksheet: Scatter plot template for graph for age at death and decade of death Adapted from Sagazio, C. (1992) Cemeteries: Our Heritage. National Trust of Australia. AGE 100-90 89-80 79-70 69-60 59-50 49-40 39-30 29-20 19-10 9 1 1-0 YEAR 1850-1859 1860-1869 1870-1879 1880-1889 1890-1899 1900-1909 1910-1919 1920-1929 1930-1939 1940 1949
Student Worksheet and Resources for further investigation Questions about the data What decades do the deaths in these three blocks cover? What were the most common known causes of death in these three blocks of the cemetery? What percentage of people died from accidents? What was the most common type of accident? Find out why do you think this was? What percentage of people died from diseases? What were most commonly listed kinds of diseases? When did the typhoid outbreak occur in Cromwell? What is the range of dates for deaths for this outbreak for these three blocks of the cemetery? How extensive was Typhoid in New Zealand at this time? Note: There is more about the Scally Family in the epidemics resource that also accompanies this Mortality Unit. There is also a lot of information about the Cromwell typhoid outbreak and its possible causes in the local newspapers of the time.
Resources for further investigation Resources for further investigation Websites Papers Past Website URL http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/ o FEVER AT CROMWELL.Tuapeka Times, 16 May 1874, Page 3 Reports on Dr Coughtrey s investigation into the outbreak in Cromwell and his descriptions of sanitary conditions at the time. o The Southland Times. MONDAY, MAY 18, 1874. Southland Times, 18 May 1874, Page 2. A similar story featured. Te Ara. Encyclopedia of New Zealand City Planning Typhoid map. URL http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/city-planning/2 Typhoid killed 49 people in Christchurch in 1875. URL http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/sewage-water-andwaste/2 The Voyage out URL http:// www.teara.govt.nz/en/the-voyage-out/9/8 Books Cromwell Cemetery Old and New. Investigated and compiled by the Dunedin Group of New Zealand Society of Genealogists (Inc) and the Cromwell Family History Society. Dunedin March 1992. Sagazio, C. (1992) Cemeteries: Our Heritage. National Trust of Australia.