Lesson Title: STD/HIV Handshake (Hannah Schultz, Autumlace Grasman, Kaitlin Friou, Alexcess Zamora) Grade Level: 9-12 Learning Objective: The objective of the STD/HIV Handshake is for high-school leveled students to learn how STIs are transmitted, the types of symptoms they produce, the importance of seeking treatment for STIs, how to prevent getting an STI, and what to do if they get one. Standards: http://www.cde.ca.gov/ci/he/cf/ Standard 1: Essential Concepts 1.4.G: Identify why abstinence is the most effective method for the prevention of HIV, other STDs, and pregnancy. 1.8.G: Analyze STD rates among teens. 1.7.G: Describe the short- and long-term effects of HIV, AIDS, and other STDs. 1.12.G: Evaluate the safety and effectiveness (including success and failure rates) of FDAapproved condoms and other contraceptives in preventing HIV, other STDs, and pregnancy. Standard 6: Goal Setting 6.2.G: Identify short- and long-term goals related to abstinence and maintaining reproductive and sexual health, including the use of FDA-approved condoms and other contraceptives for pregnancy and STD prevention Multiple Intelligences: Interpersonal: Students are being asked to engage in an activity with one another in order to complete the activity. Intrapersonal: Students are asked to reflect about their own personal health. Linguistic: Students are being asked to follow directions on their cards. Bodily/Kinesthetic: Students are being asked to move around the classroom and physically engage with one another (shake hands). * A great time to present lesson plan and hand out brochure to parent would be in April because STD Awareness Month is in April Assessment: Students will be assessed by level of participation. They should receive credit for partaking in the activity and should all be asked to contribute at least one thing to the group discussion at the end, whether it be a question or comment in order to ensure students are all actively engaged in an important and productive class discussion. List of STDS: Chlamydia Chlamydia is a bacterial infection of your genital tract. Chlamydia may be difficult to detect because early-stage infections often cause few or no signs and symptoms. When they do occur, they usually start one to three weeks after you've been exposed to chlamydia. Even when signs and symptoms occur, they're often mild and passing, making them easy to overlook. Painful urination Lower abdominal pain
Vaginal discharge in women Discharge from the penis in men Pain during sexual intercourse in women Bleeding between periods in women Testicular pain in men Gonorrhea Gonorrhea is a bacterial infection of your genital tract. It can also grow in your mouth, throat, eyes and anus. The first gonorrhea symptoms generally appear within 10 days after exposure. However, some people may be infected for months before signs or symptoms occur. Thick, cloudy or bloody discharge from the penis or vagina Pain or burning sensation when urinating Heavy menstrual bleeding or bleeding between periods Painful, swollen testicles Painful bowel movements Anal itching Trichomoniasis Trichomoniasis is a common STI caused by a microscopic, one-celled parasite called Trichomonas vaginalis. This organism spreads during sexual intercourse with someone who already has the infection. The organism usually infects the urinary tract in men, but often causes no symptoms. Trichomoniasis typically infects the vagina in women. When trichomoniasis causes symptoms, they may appear within five to 28 days of exposure and range from mild irritation to severe inflammation. Clear, white, greenish or yellowish vaginal discharge Discharge from the penis Strong vaginal odor Vaginal itching or irritation Itching or irritation inside the penis Pain during sexual intercourse Painful urination HIV HIV is an infection with the human immunodeficiency virus. HIV interferes with your body's ability to fight off viruses, bacteria and fungi that cause illness, and it can lead to AIDS, a chronic, life-threatening disease. When first infected with HIV, you may have no symptoms. Some people develop a flu-like illness, usually two to six weeks after being infected. Still, the only way you know if you have HIV is to be tested. These early signs and symptoms usually disappear within a week to a month and are often mistaken for those of another viral infection. During this period, you're highly infectious. More-persistent or -severe symptoms of HIV infection may not appear for 10 years or more after the initial infection. Headache Sore throat Swollen lymph glands Rash Fatigue Symptoms if the virus has been inside you for a period of time: Swollen lymph nodes often one of the first signs of HIV infection
Diarrhea Weight loss Cough and shortness of breath Persistent, unexplained fatigue Soaking night sweats Shaking chills or fever higher than 100.4 F (38 C) for several weeks Swelling of lymph nodes for more than three months Chronic diarrhea Persistent headaches Unusual, opportunistic infections There's no cure for HIV/AIDS, but a variety of drugs can be used in combination to control the virus. Each class of anti-hiv drugs blocks the virus in different ways. It's best to combine at least three drugs from two classes to avoid creating strains of HIV that are immune to single drugs Genital herpes Highly contagious, genital herpes is caused by a type of the herpes simplex virus (HSV) that enters your body through small breaks in your skin or mucous membranes. Most people with HSV never know they have it, because they have no signs or symptoms or the signs and symptoms are so mild they go unnoticed. When signs and symptoms are noticeable, the first episode is generally the worst. Some people never have a second episode. Others, however, can have recurrent episodes for decades. Small red bumps, blisters (vesicles) or open sores (ulcers) in the genital, anal and nearby areas Pain or itching around the genital area, buttocks and inner thighs The initial symptom of genital herpes usually is pain or itching, beginning within a few weeks after exposure to an infected sexual partner. After several days, small red bumps may appear. They then rupture, becoming ulcers that ooze or bleed. Eventually, scabs form and the ulcers heal. In women, sores can erupt in the vaginal area, external genitals, buttocks, anus or cervix. In men, sores can appear on the penis, scrotum, buttocks, anus or thighs, or inside the tube from the bladder through the penis (urethra). Ulcers can make urination painful. You may also have pain and tenderness in your genital area until the infection clears. During an initial episode, you may have flu-like signs and symptoms, such as headache, muscle aches and fever, as well as swollen lymph nodes in your groin. In some cases, the infection can be active and contagious even when sores aren't present. There is no cure for herpes. Antiviral medications can, however, prevent or shorten outbreaks during the period of time the person takes the medication. In addition, daily suppressive therapy (i.e. daily use of antiviral medication) for herpes can reduce the likelihood of transmission to partners. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and genital warts HPV infection is one of the most common types of STIs. Some forms put women at high risk of cervical cancer. Other forms cause genital warts. HPV usually has no signs or symptoms. Small, flesh-colored or gray swellings in your genital area Several warts close together that take on a cauliflower shape Itching or discomfort in your genital area Bleeding with intercourse
Often, however, genital warts cause no symptoms. Genital warts may be as small as 1 millimeter in diameter or may multiply into large clusters. In women, genital warts can grow on the vulva, the walls of the vagina, the area between the external genitals and the anus, and the cervix. In men, they may occur on the tip or shaft of the penis, the scrotum, or the anus. Genital warts can also develop in the mouth or throat of a person who has had oral sex with an infected person. There is no single curative treatment for condylomata acuminata. [64] Eradication or reduction of symptoms is the primary goal of treating warts, but elimination of dysplastic lesions is the goal in treating squamous intraepithelial lesions (SILs). Treatment is reserved for patients with visible warts. The general treatment strategy is to eliminate as many of the visible lesions as possible until the host immune system can control viral replication. Hepatitis Hepatitis A, hepatitis B and hepatitis C are all contagious viral infections that affect your liver. Hepatitis B and C are the most serious of the three, but each can cause your liver to become inflamed. Fatigue Nausea and vomiting Abdominal pain or discomfort, especially in the area of your liver on your right side beneath your lower ribs Loss of appetite Dark urine Muscle or joint pain Itching Yellowing of your skin and the whites of your eyes (jaundice) Antiviral medications. Several antiviral medications including lamivudine (Epivir), adefovir (Hepsera), telbivudine (Tyzeka) and entecavir (Baraclude) can help fight the virus and slow its ability to damage your liver. Talk to your doctor about which medication might be right for you. Interferon alfa-2b (Intron A). This synthetic version of a substance produced by the body to fight infection is used mainly for young people with hepatitis B who don't want to undergo long-term treatment or who might want to get pregnant within a few years. It's given by injection. Side effects may include depression, difficulty breathing and chest tightness. Liver transplant. If your liver has been severely damaged, a liver transplant may be an option. During a liver transplant, the surgeon removes your damaged liver and replaces it with a healthy liver. Most transplanted livers come from deceased donors, though a small number come from living donors who donate a portion of their livers. Syphilis Syphilis is a bacterial infection. The disease affects your genitals, skin and mucous membranes, but it can also involve many other parts of your body, including your brain and your heart. The signs and symptoms of syphilis may occur in four stages primary, secondary, latent and tertiary. There's also a condition known as congenital syphilis, which occurs when a pregnant woman with syphilis passes the disease to her unborn infant. Congenital syphilis can be disabling, even lifethreatening, so it's important for a pregnant woman with syphilis to be treated. Penicillin is the preferred treatment for syphilis. Early treatment is crucial to prevent the bacteria from spreading to and damaging other organs.
Into: Have students then split into groups of 2-3 and for 15 minutes, each group must create a poster teaching the class about a STD that I assign. Students will then have time to teach the class about that STD (symptoms, how it is spread, and treatments) Through: 1. Distribute one index card each to the teens. Tell them to keep the special instructions on their cards a secret and to follow the instructions. Ask the group to stand and shake hands with three people and ask each to sign the card. Make sure they move around the room. 2. When all the teens have collected three signatures, have them take their seats. Ask the people with the O, Z, and X. on their cards to stand up. Ask everyone who shook hands with those persons to stand up. Ask everyone who shook hands with a standing person to stand up. And so on until everyone is standing, except for designated non participators. 3. Now tell the group to pretend that the person with the card marked Z was infected with HIV, and that instead of shaking hands that person, had unprotected sexual intercourse with the three people whose signatures she or he collected. Do the same with the card marked O (chlamydia) and the card marked X (genital herpes). 4. Have the teens sit down again, and ask those with the Do not follow my directions cards to stand. Explain that these people had chosen to abstain from sexual intercourse, and were therefore protected from these sexually transmitted diseases. 5. Ask teens to check if they had a C marked on their card and invite them to stand. Explain that fortunately, these people had used condoms and were not at significant risk for infection. Allow all teens to sit down. Remind the group that this was only a game, that they were only representing people who have STDs and that STDs are not transmitted through handshaking. 6. Explain that STDs are diseases that are spread by close sexual contact between two partners. Any form of intercourse oral, anal or vaginal can spread STDs. Using the Leader's Resource, Information on Sexually Transmitted Diseases, provide brief descriptions of chlamydia, HIV and genital herpes. 7. Post the telephone number for the STD hotline or HIV clinic and have students copy number down. Beyond: Have a class discussion, where discussion questions will be brought up, students should take the time to share out about the experience/game or ask questions about what was learned. Example of Questions to lead the discussion: 1. How did person X feel? Person Z? Person O? How did you feel towards X, Z, and O when you found out they were infected? 2. What were the initial feelings of those of who were instructed to not participate in the exercise? How did those feelings change during the course of the exercise? How did the group feel towards those people initially? And then later? 3. How did the people who discovered they had used condoms feel? 4. How did it feel to find out that you might have been infected? 5. The teens with the X, O, and Z cards didn't know that they were infected when we started this activity. In reality, many people don't know they are infected with a sexually transmitted disease. Is it possible to know ahead of time who is infected and who is not?