Chapter 11 Tobacco Section 1: T obacco Use
Do Now 1. Read the article The facts behind e-cigarettes and their health risks 2. Annotate 3. Summary
Key Terms Ø Nicotine Ø Carcinogen Ø Tar Ø Carbon monoxide
Learning Objectives Ø IWBAT Identify dangers associated with tobacco use, including its short-and long-term effects on the body. I will also learn about the beneoits of living a tobacco-free life, ways to refuse tobacco, and tips for quitting.
Nicotine Delivery Systems Ø Types of tobacco products that contain the addictive drug nicotine. Cigarettes Chewing tobacco Snuff (Dip) Pipe tobacco Cigars Herbal cigarettes E-Cigarettes
Tobacco Products Ø Nicotine is both a stimulant and muscle relaxant. At higher doses it is a powerful nerve poison Ø There are more than 4,000 chemicals in cigarette smoke and at least 40 of those chemicals are known carcinogens. Carcinogens are agents that cause cancer.
Tobacco Products Ø Tar is a sticky, black substance in tobacco smoke that coats the inside of the airways and that contains many carcinogens, including the following. Cyanide Formaldehyde Lead Vinyl Chloride Carbon monoxide Ammonia
Smokeless tobacco Ø Tobacco products that don t produce smoke are also harmful. Chewing tobacco (Snuff dip), and e-cigs contains two to three times more nicotine than cigarette smoke Ø E-Cigarettes are electronic nicotine delivery devices. It is a battery operated atomizer that vaporizes liquid in a cartridge for the user to inhale Ø Smokeless tobacco also contains many different carcinogens. Arsenic, nickel, benzopyrene, and polonium ( which gives off radiation) Can lead to mouth sores and oral cancers which can cause death or extreme disoigurement.
Unconventional Tobacco Products Ø Herbal Cigarettes contain tobacco and can be more attractive to teens due to the Olavoring. Ø Although pipe tobacco and cigars are not inhaled as deeply as cigarettes, they have been linked with oral cancer.
Nicotine Ø The effects of nicotine on the brain and body lead to physical dependence and addiction. Ø Tobacco companies once claimed that nicotine was not addictive. This claim has been proven to be false Ø Quitting smoking is difoicult and withdrawal is unpleasant. However the dangerous effects of tobacco use are far worse than withdrawal.
Video http://www.hrmvideo.com/catalog/spit-tobaccoexposed
Exit Slip Ø Think about the differences between the three types of nicotine delivery systems, smoking, e-cigarettes, spit tobacco. Discuss their differences and similarities and base on the information you have learned, which one of the three do you think is the most dangerous. Make sure you explain why.
Chapter 11 Section 2: D angers of To bacco Use
Short-Term Effects of Tobacco Use Ø Effects of nicotine use can be seen very quickly because it only takes seconds for the nicotine to enter the blood stream Ø Nicotine has the following effects: Stimulates the brain reward system Increases heart rate and blood pressure Increases breathing rate Increases blood-sugar levels Stimulates the vomit reolex
Short-Term Effects of Tobacco Use Ø Harmful substances in tobacco smoke can cause other short term effects. For example; 1. Carbon monoxide blocks oxygen from getting into the blood stream 2. Tar irritates the insides of the lungs, which leads to coughing and to many of the long-term dangers of tobacco smoke 3. Chemicals in spit tobacco can damage the inside of the mouth which can lead to open sores and cancer of the mouth. 4. In addition it can make your breath and clothes stink.
Long-Term Effects of Tobacco Use Ø Nicotine effects the area of the brain that registers pleasure and changes the way the brain functions. These changes lead to addiction Ø Nearly hundreds of thousands of people die of heart and artery disease caused by cigarettes. All of these effects combine to increase the risk of heart attack blood clots, and stroke. Nicotine increases heart rate Blood vessels narrow Arteries become hardened and clogged.
Long-Term Effects of Tobacco Use Ø Tobacco products are the major causes of cancer of the mouth and throat Ø Lung cancer often spreads to other parts of the body, which is one of the factors that makes lung cancer so deadly Pancreas, bladder, cervix, and kidney cancer Lung cancer currently kills more people than any other form of cancer does. (P.269)
Long-Term Effects of Tobacco Use Ø Tar and other chemicals from tobacco damage, paralyze, and kill cilia. These hairs are necessary for removal of mucus from the lungs. Ø InHlammation and build up of particles cause infection which leads to bronchitis. Smokers cough Ø Emphysema is a respiratory disease in which air cannot move from and out of the lungs because the alveoli becomes blocked or lose their elasticity. Cannot breath normally, unable to get enough oxygen, and worsens over time.
Long-Term Effects of Tobacco Use Ø Chemicals in smoke reduces the activity of immune system cells. This makes the body more susceptible to diseases. Tobacco use can cause ulcers in the stomach Tobacco use can dull the sense of smell and taste Ø Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder a (COPD) is a disorder that is a combination of chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Chronic coughing, difoiculty breathing, frequent infections, and eventually death due to respiratory failure
Effects of Smoke on Nonsmokers Ø Non smokers can still feel the deadly effects of tobacco smoke. Ø Sidestream smoke is the smoke that escapes from the tip of the cigarette, cigar, or pipe. Ø Mainstream smoke is smoke that is inhaled through a tobacco product and exhaled by a tobacco smoker. Ø Environmental tobacco smoke (secondhand smoke) is a combination of exhaled mainstream smoke and sidestream smoke. It is inhaled by anyone near the smoker.
Effects of Smoke on Nonsmokers Ø For every eight people killed by their own smoking, a nonsmoker is killed by exposure to secondhand smoke. Ø Second hand smoke also causes headaches, nausea, and dizziness. Ø The children of smokers suffer from more lower respiratory infections, more asthma, and more ear infections than children who live in smoke-free homes do.
Dangers of Tobacco Use During Pregnancy Ø Women who smoke while pregnant risk the health of their unborn child. Chemicals from cigarette smoke pass through the placenta to the developing infant and affects the baby. Ø If the pregnant mother does not smoke but lives with a smoker (Second hand Smoke) during her pregnancy, her baby faces many of the same risks faced by a baby born to a mother who smokes.
Dangers of Tobacco Use During Pregnancy Ø Effects of Tobacco on the Fetus and Baby Risk of miscarriage Risk of premature birth Low birth weight Slow growth rate Risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) Risk of developing respiratory illness Risk of developing learning difoiculties Addiction to nicotine
Exit Slip Ø As you watch the video, list 3 or more misconceptions about the risk of children being exposed to secondhand smoke. Ø Why do you think that children who live in households where there is a smoker more susceptible to disease and frequent the hospital more often? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=raylnhksw5i