PRILOG POZNAVANJU RENDGENOLOŠKE SLIKE PATOLOŠKIH STANJA I OBOLJENJA PARANAZALNIH ŠUPLJINA

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PRILOG POZNAVANJU RENDGENOLOŠKE SLIKE PATOLOŠKIH STANJA I OBOLJENJA PARANAZALNIH ŠUPLJINA Rade R. Babic 1, Zoran Radovanović 1, Miško Živić 2 i Gordana Stanković 3 Radom se prikazuje rendgenološka slika patoloških stanja i oboljenja paranazalnih šupljina i dijagnostičke mogućnosti rendgenograma: anomalije paranazalnih šupljina, upala sinusa, tumori sinusa, frakture kostiju paranazalnih šupljina, strana tela paranazalnih šupljina. Zaključuje se da je rendgenološka slika patoloških stanja i oboljenja paranazalnih šupljina patognomonična. Acta Medica Medianae 2006;45(3):29-33. Ključne reči: patološka stanja, oboljenja, paranazalne šupljine Institut za radiologiju Kliničkog centra u Nišu 1 Klinika za bolesti uva, nosa i grla Kliničkog centra u Nišu 2 Klinika za očne bolesti Kliničkog centra u Nišu 3 Kontakt: Rade R. Babić Institut za radiologiju Kliničkog centra Bulevar dr Zorana Djindjića 48 18000 Niš, Srbija Uvod Paranazalne šupljine su parne šupljine unutar maksilarne, ethmoidne, frontalne i sfenoidne kosti. Brojna su patološka stanja i oboljenja paranazalnih šupljina (1-13). Unutrašnjost paranazalnih šupljina ispunjena je vazduhom, pa se kao takve lako rendgenološki detektuju. Rendgenološki pregled paranazalnih šupljina je najpreciznija metoda za otkrivanje patoloških stanja i oboljenja paranazalnih šupljina. Prilikom interpretiranja rendgenograma paranazalnih šupljina od posebne je važnosti detektovati činjenične informacije koje daju rendgenogrami i učiniti rendgenološki nalaz kompatibilnim sa kliničkim (otorinolaringologa, oftalmologa i dr.) nalazom. Praktično, to je aksiom sveukupne rendgenološke dijagnostike, ali se posebno tiče bolesti sinusa. Materijal i metode rada Materijal rada čini višegodišnji rad u struci autora i saradnika. Iz filmoteke autora i saradnika odabrani su rendgenogrami sa patološkim stanjima i oboljenjima paranazalnih šupljina. Rezultati Rezultate rada prikazujemo ilustrativno slikama 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9. Cilj rada Rad ima za cilj da prikaže raznovrsnost otorinolaringološko-rendgenološke slike patoloških stanja i oboljenja paranazalnih šupljina i da ukaže na vrednost i značaj rendgenoloških metoda pregleda u njihovom dijagnostikovanju. Slika 1. Standardni rendgenogram paranazalnih šupljina. Urodjeni nedostatak frontalnih sinusa. Normalno razvijeni maksilarni, sfenoidni i etmoidni sinusi www.medfak.ni.ac.yu/amm 29

Prilog poznavanju rendgenološke slike patoloških stanja i oboljenja... Rade R. Babić i sar. Slika 2. Standardni rendgenogram paranazalnih šupljina. Projekcija: PA. Stav bolesnika: stojeći. Hronični sinusitis levog frontalnog, maksiranog i etmoidnog sinusa. U levom frontalnom sinusu hidrogasni nivo. Zasenčeni ipsilateralni etmoidalni i maksilarni sinus Slika 3. Standardni rendgenogram paranazalnih šupljina. Alergijski sinuzitis. Potpuna zasenčenost maksilarnih sinusa i nazalnih kanala zbog edematozno izmenjene sluzokože Slika 4. Rendgenogram paranazalnih šupljina PA projekcije (a) i desno profil (b). Strano telo u desnom maksilarnom sinusu. Vizualizuje se u desnom maksilarnom sinusu okrugla, homogena, oštro delineirana senka intenziteta metala, dijametra 5 mm koja je spojena sa senkom metala u zubu, nastalog kao posledica plombiranja zuba 30

Acta Medica Medianae 2006, Vol. 45 Prilog poznavanju rendgenološke slike patoloških stanja i oboljenja... Slika 5. CT kranijuma. Fraktura desnog frontalnog sinusa. Multifragmentalni prekid kontinuiteta desne frontalne kosti. U šupljini ipsilateralnog frontalnog sinusa prisustvo koaguluma krvi Slika 6. CT kranijuma. Fraktura desnog frontalnog sinusa sa masivnim kontuzionim žarištem u oba frontalna režnja mozga. Transparencija desnog frontalnog sinusa smanjena Slika 7. Standardni rendgenogram paranazalnih šupljina. Osteom levog frontalnog sinusa. Vizualizuje se kao homogena, oštro delineirana senka dijametra 9 mm smeštena u levom frontalnom sinusu Slika 8. CT paranazalnih šupljina. Tumor maksilarnog sinusa 31

Prilog poznavanju rendgenološke slike patoloških stanja i oboljenja... Rade R. Babić i sar. Slika 9. CT paranazalnih šupljina. Tumor lica. Mekotkivna promena leve polovine lica probija matičnu kost i ispunjava ipsilateralni maksilarni sinus Diskusija i zaključak Daje se osvrt na rendgenološku sliku patoloških stanja i oboljenja paranazalnih šupljina. Rendgenološka slika patoloških stanja i oboljenja paranazalnih šupljina ima svoju specifičnost. Rendgenološke metode pregleda su suverene, dominantne i bez premca u dijagnostikovanju patoloških stanja i oboljenja paranazalnih šupljina. Naše profesionalno iskustvo nam govori da je važno razlikovati činjenične informacije koje daje rendgenogram paranazalnih šupljina, kojima se uskladjuju rendgenološki, otorinolaringološki i oftalmološki nalazi. Literatura 1. Barnes L, Verbin R, Appel B, Peel R. Tumor and tumor-like lesions of the soft tissue. In: Barns, ed: Surgical Pathology of the Head and Neck. Vol 2. 2nd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker; 2001. p. 1084. 2. Bešnik N, Škergo N. Radiografska tehnika skele-ta. Zagreb; Školska knjiga: 1987. 3. Hiroza O, Mendenhall W, Stringer S, Johnson P, Mancuso A. Post-RT CT results as a predicative model for necessity of planned post RT neck dissection in patients with cerbical metastatic disease from squamous cell carcinoma. J Radiation Oncology Biol Phys 2002; 52: 420-8. 4. Imfoh H, Czerny Chr, Dirisamer A. Head and neck imaging with MDCT. Eur J Radol 2003; 45: S23-S31. 5. Kenny T, Duncavage J, Bracikowski J, Yildirim A, Murray J, Tanner B. Prospective analysis of sinus symptoms and correlation with paranasal computed tomography scan. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2001; 125: 40-3. 6. Kassel EE. Basic Concepts of CT Scanning and Recent Advances in Head and Neck Imaging. AAOMS. 2003. 7. Kanski JJ. Clinical ophthalmology. Edinburg/ London/ New York/ Philadelphia/ St Louis/Sydney/Toronto. Buterworth /Heinemann 2003. 8. Rao MV, Sharma D, Madan A. Imaging of frontal sinus disease Concepts, Interpretation and Technology. The Otolaryngologic clinics of North America 2001; 34: 152-8. 9. Sciuba JJ, Fantasia JE, Kahn LB. Tumors and cysts of the jaw. In: Rosai J. ed. Atlas of Tumor Pathology. Washington, DC: Armed Forces Institute of Pathology; 2001. 10. Smokvina M. Klinička rendgenologija - kosti i zglobovi. Zagreb; Jugoslovenska akademija znanosti i umjetnosti: 1959. 11. Swischuk EL. Emergency radiology of the acutely ill or injured child. Baltimore/ London/ Los Angeles/ Sydney; Williams & Wilkins. 1986. 12. Yonetsu K, Bianchi JG, Troulis MJ, Curtin HD. Unusual CT appereance in an odontogenic keratocyst of the mandibule: case report. AJNR 2001; 22: 1887-9. 13. Verbin R, Barnes L. Cysts and cyst-like lesions of oralcavity, jaws and neck. In: Barns L ed. Surgical Pathology of the Head and Neck. 3. 2nd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker; 2001. p. 1437-1551. 32

Acta Medica Medianae 2006, Vol. 45 Prilog poznavanju rendgenološke slike patoloških stanja i oboljenja... CONTRIBUTION TO THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE ROENDGEN IMAGE OF THE PATHOLOGICAL STATES AND DISORDERS THE SINUS Rade R. Babic, Zoran Radovanović, Misko Zivic and Gordana Stankovic The paper presents a roentgen image of the pathological states and disordes of the sinus and diagnostical possibilities of roentgenogram: anomalies of paranasal sinuses, tumors of sinuses, bones fractures of paranasal sinuses, foreign bodies of paranasal sinuses. The conclusion is that radiological presentation of pathological states and diseases of paranasal sinuses is pathognomonic. Acta Medica Medianae 2006; 45(3):29-33. Key words: pathological states, discordes, sinus 33