ICD International Classification of Diseases
ICD international standard diagnostic classification for general epidemiological health management purposes clinical use analysis of the general health situation of population groups monitoring of the incidence and prevalence of diseases and other health problems in relation to other variables such as the characteristics and circumstances of the individuals affected, reimbursement, resource allocation, quality and guidelines.
Early History Systematical classification of diseases: Carolus Linnaeus (1707-1778) Genera morborum (1763) William Cullen (1710-1790) Synopsis nosologiae methodicae (1768) Francois Bossier de Lacroix (Sauvages) (1706-1767) Nosologia methodica (1763) www.who.int/classifications/icd/en/historyoficd.pdf
Early History William Farr (1807-1883) Medical statistician at the General Register Office of England and Wales classification of bills of mortality (5 groups) Epidemic diseases Constitutional (general) diseases Local Diseases arranged according to anatomical site Developmental diseases Diseases as direct result of violence
Early History Jacques Bertillon (1851-1922) Classification of Causes of Death 1893 International List of Causes of Death adopted by the International Statistical Institute in Vienna, Austria Revisions 1900, 1910, 1920 1929 Fourth Revision: International List of Causes of Death 1938 Fifth Revision: International List of Causes of Death
History 1948 1955 1967 1977 1993 Sixth Revision: International Classification of Diseases, Injuries, and Causes of Death World Health Organization (WHO) assumed responisibility Seventh Revision: International Classification of Diseases (WHO) ICD-8 ICD-9 ICD-10
ICD allows the counting of diseases injuries symptoms reasons for encounter factors that influence health status, and external causes of disease and death, such as accidents.
Information is used for epidemiology prevention managing health care allocation of resources outcomes monitoring in research, clinical context and primary care.
Information is reported categorized analyzed presented and decisions are based on this information at any level of a health system
Classification allows the comparison within populations over time and between populations at the same point in time as well as the compilation of internationally consistent data. Populations may be nations, states and territories, regions, minority groups or other specified groups.
The classification of diseases and related health problems (22 chapters) I Certain infectious and parasitic diseases (A00 - B99) II Neoplasms (C00 D48) III Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs and certain disorders involving the immune mechanism IV Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases (E00 E90) V Mental and behavioural disorders (F00 F99)
ICD-10 (22 chapters) VI Diseases of the nervous system (G00 G99) VII Diseases of the eye and adnexa (H00 H59) VIII Diseases of the ear and mastoid process (H60 H95) IX Diseases of the circulatory system (I00 I99) X Diseases of the respiratory system (J00 J99) XI Diseases of the digestive system (K00 K93)
ICD-10 (22 chapters) XII Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue (L00 L99) XIII Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (M00 M99) XIV Diseases of the genitourinary system (N00 N99) XV Pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium (O00 O99) XVI XVII Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities (Q00 Q99)
ICD-10 (22 chapters) XVIII XIX Symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not elsewhere classified (R00- R99) Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes (S00 T98) XX External causes of morbidity and mortality (V01 Y98) XXI XXII Factors influencing health status and contact with health services (Z00 Z99) Codes for special purposes
Chapter V includes disorders with an organic origin, where disease or injury causes the mental or behavioural condition conditions caused by substance abuse psychotic and delusion conditions such as schizophrenia mood disorders such as depression and mania behavioural and personality disorders, including those caused by stress or traumatic events developmental disorders, such as hyperactivity, and mental retardation. There are two asterisk codes in the organic disorders block, F00* and F02*, which are used to record dementia in diseases recorded using dagger codes from other chapters.
Organic, including symptomatic, mental disorders (F00-F09)
Organic, including symptomatic, mental disorders (F00-F09) Example 1: a 90 year old woman diagnosed with multiinfarct dementia after a series of strokes Code: F01.1 Multi-infarct dementia. If the dementia had developed suddenly, for example after a single stroke, it would be coded to F01.0 Vascular dementia of acute onset
Organic, including symptomatic, mental disorders (F00-F09) Example 2: a 72 year old man diagnosed with senile dementia in Alzheimer s disease Code G30.1 Alzheimer's disease with late onset F00.1* Dementia in Alzheimer's disease with late onset.
Mental and behavioural disorders due to psychoactive substance use (F10-F19) disorders caused by the use of substances which affect the mind, such as alcohol or heroin three-character codes identify the type of substance The four- and five-character category specify the clinical condition of the patient. Example: F10.03 delirium tremens as a result of alcohol withdrawal
Schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorder (F20-F29) non-organic psychoses such as schizophrenia and related delusional disorders schizoid personality disorder is excluded from this block. Instead, it is coded to the block for Disorders of adult personality and behaviour (F60 F69). The fourth characters specify the different forms of schizophrenia paranoid type, hebephrenic, catatonic and so on. Example: F20 F20.6 Schizophrenia simple schizophrenia
Mood (affektive) disorder (F30-F39) mania - extreme elation or irritability, hyperactivity, poor concentration and accelerated thinking and speaking depression - feelings of sadness and inadequacy, apathy and lack of activity various combinations of both of these. Example: F31.0 disorder Hypomanic episode in bipolar affective
Neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorder (F40-F48) Somatoform disorders manifest with physical symptoms such as headaches, palpitations or nausea anxiety, phobias and disorders which are the result of stress or some other serious life event Example: F43.1 Post-traumatic stress disorder F45.0 Somatization disorder
Behavioural syndromes associated with physiological disturbances and physical factors (F50-F59) eating disorders, sleep disorders, disorders of sexual function in the absence of an organic disease, mental and behavioural disorders beginning in the puerperal period (that is, the first six weeks after birth). Example: F53 postnatal depression with a fourth character depending on the severity of the disorder.
Disorders of adult personality and behaviour (F60-F69) Schizoid personality disorder is excluded from the psychotic and delusional disorders in F20 F29. Instead, it is coded to this block at F60.1. The exclusion note refers you back to F20.- or F21 for diagnoses of schizophrenia or schizotypal disorder. Example: F63.0 Pathological gambling
Mental Retardation (F70-F79) codes for different levels of arrested or incomplete development of the mind list of fourth characters which are common to all its codes, to record the extent to which the patient s behaviour is affected by their retardation. Example: F72.1 severe mental retardation with significant impairment of behaviour requiring therapy
Disorders of psychological developement (F80-F89) codes describe problems with the development of cognitive, emotional, intellectual and social functioning over time from early childhood through to old age Example: F84.5 Asperger s syndrome
Behavioural and emotional disorders with onset usually occuring in childhood and adolescence (F90-F98) attention deficit (hyperactivity) disorder problems related to conduct and excessively dissocial behaviour specific types of emotional problems, tic disorders (involuntary, rapid, repetitive movements of various muscle groups may be vocal or motor tics) and other forms of disorders with onset in childhood Example: F90.1 hyperkinetic conduct disorder
Unspecified mental disorder (F99) chapter contains only one three-character code for capturing information about mental illness not otherwise specified http://apps.who.int/classifications/apps/icd/icd10traini ng/
Thank you for your attention!