General requirements of the Terrestrial Code Chapter on CSF

Min-Kyung Park Status Department, Chargée de mission, OIE General requirements of the Terrestrial Code Chapter on CSF OIE Regional Workshop on Preparation and Submission of Dossiers for the Official Recognition of CSF free status and for the Endorsement of National Official Control Programme for FMD in Asia and the Pacific Tokyo, Japan 20-22 June 2017

Outline OIE Terrestrial Animal Health Code (Terrestrial Code) History of official recognition of CSF free status Terrestrial Code provisions for CSF o OIE standards for CSF freedom o Trade o Surveillance

Terrestrial Animal Health Code http://www.oie.int/en/international-standard-setting/terrestrial-code/access-online/ Horizontal Chapters Disease notification (1.1.) Animal health surveillance (1.4.) Evaluation of Veterinary Services (3.2.) Veterinary legislation (3.4.) Import risk analysis (2.1.) Import/export procedures (5) Obligations related to certification (5.1.) Disease Specific Chapters

OIE official recognition of CSF free status May 2013 Resolution adding CSF to the list of diseases for which status is officially recognised by the OIE May 2015 Resolution with the 1st list of Member Countries officially recognised free from CSF 2015 CSF Country/Zone Free status

Chapter 15.2. Infection with CSF Article 15.2.1. Articles 15.2.2. to 15.2.6. Articles 15.2.7. to 15.2.21. Articles 15.2.22. to 15.2.25. Articles 15.2.26 to 15.2.32. General provisions, including case definition Articles related to status: General criteria, CSF free country/zone/compartment containment zone/ recovery Recommendations for importing commodities Virus inactivation Surveillance

OIE Standards for official recognition of CSF freedom Article 15.2.1. Articles 15.2.2. to 15.2.6. Articles 15.2.7. to 15.2.21. Articles 15.2.22. to 15.2.25. Articles 15.2.26 to 15.2.32. General provisions, including case definition Articles related to status: General criteria, CSF free country/zone/compartment containment zone/ recovery Recommendations for importing commodities Virus inactivation Surveillance

Definitions CAPTIVE WILD ANIMAL Means an animal that has a phenotype not significantly affected by human selection but that is captive or otherwise lives under direct human supervision or control, including zoo animals and pets WILD ANIMAL Means an animal that has a phenotype unaffected by human selection and lives independent of direct human supervision or control WILDLIFE Means feral animals, captive wild animals and wild animals

General criteria for the determination of the CSF status (1/3) (Article 15.2.2.) Notifiable in the whole territory, all pigs showing clinical signs suggestive of CSF are subjected to appropriate field or laboratory investigations Ongoing awareness programme to encourage reporting

General criteria for the determination of the CSF status (2/3) (Article 15.2.2.) Veterinary Authority has current knowledge and authority over: o Domestic and captive wild pig herds o Wild and feral pigs Surveillance o Domestic and captive wild pigs o Wild and feral pigs

General criteria for the determination of the CSF status (3/3) (Article 15.2.2.) Domestic and captive wild pig population separated from the wild and feral pig population by appropriate measures, based on the assessed risk of spread within the wild and feral pig population

CSF in wild and feral pigs (Article 15.2.1.) A Member Country should not impose bans on the trade in commodities of domestic and captive wild pigs in response to a notification of infection with CSFV in wild and feral pigs provided that Article 15.2.2. is implemented Article 15.2.2. = risk of transmission from wild and feral pigs to domestic and captive wild pigs mitigated

CSF free country or zone (Article 15.2.3) Surveillance in place for at least 12 months No outbreak of CSF in domestic and captive wild pigs during the past 12 months No evidence of infection with CSFV in domestic and captive wild pigs during the past 12 months No vaccination against CSF carried out in domestic and captive wild pigs during the past 12 months (unless DIVA) Imported pigs and pig commodities compliant with the requirements in Articles 15.2.7. to 15.2.14

Questionnaire specific to apply for a CSF free status Article 1.6.10. of the Terrestrial Code Compliance with the requirements of the Terrestrial Code

(Article 15.2.3.) Maintenance of CSF freedom Annual reconfirmation of compliance with Article 15.2.3. CSF free country or zone and reporting of any changes in the epidemiologic situation or other significant events

Maintenance of CSF freedom Retention on the list requires annual reconfirmation of compliance with Article 15.2.3. CSF free country or zone and reporting of any changes in the epidemiologic situation or other significant events in accordance with Chapter 1.1. of the Terrestrial Code.

OIE Standards for trade Article 15.2.1. Articles 15.2.2. to 15.2.6. Articles 15.2.7. to 15.2.21. Articles 15.2.22. to 15.2.25. Articles 15.2.26 to 15.2.32. General provisions, including case definition Articles related to status: General criteria, CSF free country/zone/compartment containment zone/ recovery Recommendations for importing commodities Virus inactivation Surveillance

Trade recommendations Articles 15.2.7 to 15.2.21 List of importation provisions on: Live animals Semen and in vivo derived embryos Fresh meat Meat and meat products Pig products not derived from fresh meat Bristles Litter and manure Skins and trophies

Importation of live animals Domestic and captive wild pigs CSF free countries/zones CSF infected countries/zones No clinical sign of CSF on the day of shipment Not vaccinated against CSF, nor the progeny of vaccinated sows Animals kept since birth or for at least the past 3 months in a CSF free country/zone/compartment Animals kept since birth or for at least the past 3 months in a CSF free compartment

Wild and feral pigs Importation of live animals Regardless of the CSF status of the country of origin No clinical sign of CSF on the day of shipment Not vaccinated against CSF, nor the progeny of vaccinated sows Animal kept in a quarantine station for 40 days prior to shipment, and subjected to a virological test & serological test at least 21 days after entry into the quarantine station, with negative results

Wild and feral pigs Importation of fresh meat Regardless of the CSF status of the country of origin Subjected to post-mortem inspection in accordance with Ch. 6.2. found free from any sign suggestive of CSF Sample has been collected and subjected to a virological test & serological test with negative results

Importation of fresh meat Domestic and captive wild pigs Animals kept in a CSF free country/zone/compartment Animals imported from CSF free countries/zones Animals imported CSF infected countries/zones No clinical sign of CSF on the day of shipment Not vaccinated against CSF, nor the progeny of vaccinated sows Animal kept in a country, zone or compartment free from CSF since birth or for at least the past 3 months Animal kept since birth or for the past 3 months in a CSF free compartment Slaughtered in accordance with relevant horizontal chapters and found free from signs of CSF

Importation of From countries/zones CSF free CSF infected Semen (Domestic and captive wild pigs) In vivo derived embryos (Domestic pigs) Meat and meat products of pigs for multiple use (animal feeding, agricultural/industrial, pharmaceutical/surgical) Donor animals: - kept in a country, zone or compartment free from CSF since birth or for at least 3 months prior to collection - No clinical sign of CSF on the day of collection Donor females: - No clinical sign of CSF on the day of collection of the embryos - kept in a compartment free from CSF since birth or for at least 3 months prior to collection Donor animals: - kept in a compartment free from CSF since birth or for at least 3 months prior to collection - No clinical sign of CSF on the day of collection and for the following 40 days - Met one of the conditions to further demonstrate absence of CSF virus Collected, processed and stored Ch. 4.5 and 4.6 Donor females: - kept in a compartment free from CSF since birth or for at least 3 months prior to collection - No clinical sign of CSF on the day of collection and for the following 40 days - Met one of the conditions to further demonstrate absence of CSF virus Collected, processed and stored Ch. 4.7. and 4.9. - Prepared exclusively from fresh meat meeting the conditions Article 15.2.14. - Prepared in a processing establishment: approved by the Veterinary Authority for export processing only meat meeting the conditions Article 15.2.14. OR - Processed in an establishment approved by the Veterinary Authority (ensure destruction of CSFV) Article 15.2.23. - Precautions taken after processing to avoid contact with any source of CSFV

Importation of... (4/4) Pig products (not derived from fresh meat) intended for use in animal feeding, for agricultural or industrial use Skins and trophies Originated from domestic and captive wild pigs in a CSF free country, zone or compartment Ensure destruction of CSFV and precautions taken after processing to avoid contact with CSFV Bristles Litter and manure Prepared/processed in an establishment approved by the Veterinary Authority for export purposes

Specific recommendations for inactivation of the CSFV In swill In meat In casings of pigs In skins and trophies Articles 15.2.22. to 15.2.25.

Surveillance: objective Domestic and captive wild pigs o Demonstrate ongoing freedom o Detect any introduction of CSFV (early warning) Wild and feral pigs o Demonstrate that CSFV infection is not present in wild and feral pigs o If present, estimate the distribution and prevalence of the infection

Surveillance Prove freedom from CSF (in country/zone) where wild and feral pigs provide a potential reservoir of infection & CSF present in adjacent countries Free from infection with CSFV Detect the introduction of CSFV

Surveillance in wild and feral pigs Article 15.2.31. CSFV infection is not present If present, estimate the distribution and prevalence of the infection Additional challenges

Clinical surveillance Virological surveillance Serological surveillance Add photos/images

Surveillance: components Clinical surveillance Important for early detection But infections might be inapparent Serological surveillance Effective and efficient in unvaccinated populations False positive should be anticipated Virological surveillance Investigate clinically suspected cases, positive serological results, increased mortality

Surveillance: strategy Randomised sampling Or Targeted, based on: o The epidemiology of CSF in the region o Specific risk factors Swill fed farms Pigs reared outdoors Specific high risk wild and feral pig sub populations and their proximity

Conclusion disease.status@oie.intease

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