Subject Index Acne keloidalis nuchae, ethnic patients 146, 147 Actinic keratosis, ultraviolet radiation exposure 108 Aging hair effects 4, 5 melanocyte aging 130 132 molecular mechanisms 5 7 pigment loss, see Graying treatment 7 Alfatradiol, female pattern hair loss management 50 Alopecia areata autoimmunity 68 children 57 59 classification 69 clinical presentation 57, 68 diagnosis laboratory tests 70 physical examination 70 differential diagnosis 68, 69 epidemiology 67 etiology 57, 67, 68 genetics 57, 68, 93, 94 histological stages 70 treatment anthralin 73 biologic drugs 73 children 58, 59 corticosteroids intralesional 71 systemic 71, 72 topical 72 cosmetic concealment 74 cyclosporine 73 eyelash alopecia 73, 74 immunotherapy 72, 73 minoxidil 72 prospects 74 psychological support 70, 71 tacrolimus 73 trichoscopy 25, 57 vitiligo 15 Anagen effluvium causes 99, 100 children 59, 60 Androgenetic alopecia, see also Male baldness children 59 females, see Female pattern hair loss genetics 93 trichoscopy 22, 23, 25 Androgen receptor, defects in female pattern hair loss 47 Anthralin, alopecia areata management 73 Arf, hair aging 5 Atopic dermatitis, ultraviolet radiation exposure 108 Atrichia congenita, children 61, 63 Beaded hair, see Monilethrix Bimatoprost female pattern hair loss management 50 male baldness management 40 Biotin, deficiency effects on hair 115, 116 Cadherins, defects and disease 90, 91 Canities, see Graying Carvajal syndrome, genetics 89 CDSN 92 Central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia ethnic patients 143, 144 features and treatment 82 trichoscopy 29 CG210, female pattern hair loss management 51 159
Chloroquine, discoid lupus erythematosus Coenzyme Q10, aging hair treatment 7 Congenital triangular alopecia children 58 trichoscopy 26 Corticosteroids alopecia areata management intralesional 71 systemic 71, 72 topical 72 Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, hair loss 100 Cyclosporine alopecia areata management 73 lichen planopilaris management 79 Cystine, dietary supplementation 116 Cyproterone acetate, female pattern hair loss management 50 Dapsone, discoid lupus erythematosus Dermal papilla cell loss in aging 6 normal hair biology 2 Dermoscopy, see Trichoscopy Desmosome, defects and disease 89, 90 Dihydrotestosterone, see Androgenetic alopecia, Female pattern hair loss, Male baldness Discoid lupus erythematosus clinical presentation 77 diagnosis 77 pathogenesis 77 prognosis 77 psoriasis 15 treatment 77, 78 trichoscopy 28 Dissecting cellulitis ethnic patients 145, 146 trichoscopy 28, 29 Dissecting folliculitis clinical presentation 84 diagnosis 85 pathogenesis 84, 85 prognosis 85 treatment 85 Doxycycline, lichen planopilaris management 79 Dutasteride female pattern hair loss management 49, 50 male baldness management 41, 42 Dyeing, see Hair care Ectodermal dysplasia 64 Ectodermal dysplasia/skin fragility syndrome, genetics 89 Erosive pustular dermatitis, scalp 109 Female pattern hair loss clinical presentation 46 diagnosis 47, 48 differential diagnosis 48 epidemiology 45 genetics 47 treatment alfatradiol 50 bimatoprost 50 CG210 51 cosmetic concealment 51 cytoproterone acetate 50 dutasteride 49, 50 finasteride 49 flutamide 50 fulvestrant 50 ketoconazole 50 laser therapy 50, 51 latanoprost 50 minoxidil 49 overview 48, 49 platelet-rich plasma 51 prospects 51 Stemoxydine 51 supplements 51 surgery 50 travoprost 50 Fibrosing alopecia in a pattern distribution 82 Finasteride female pattern hair loss management 49 male baldness management 39 41 mechanism of action 7 Flutamide, see female pattern hair loss management 50 Follicle, see Hair follicle Folliculitis deep 100 superficial 100 160 Subject Index
Folliculitis decalvans clinical presentation 83 diagnosis 84 pathogenesis 84 prognosis 84 treatment 84 trichoscopy 28 Folliculitis keloidalis, features and treatment 85 Frontal fibrosing alopecia clinical presentation 80 diagnosis 81 partial longitudinal follicle unit transplantation 155, 156 pathogenesis 80 prognosis 81 treatment 81 trichoscopy 27, 28 Fulvestrant, female pattern hair loss management 50 Graham-Little-Piccardi-Lassueur syndrome, features and treatment 81 Graying hair follicles changes 132, 133 melanocyte loss effects on growth 134 136 pigmentation unit 129 mechanisms 4, 129, 130 melanocyte aging 130 132 Hair card test 19 Hair care dyeing in alopecia gradual dyes 125 permanent dyes 126 semipermanent dyes 126 temporal dyes 125, 126 tips 125 ethnic patients 140, 141 grooming 122 heat damage 123 scalp camouflage techniques 124, 125 styling cutting 121, 122 products 123, 125 Hair cycle aging effects 5 children and disturbances 59, 60 overview 1 3, 56 Hair follicle biological clock 97 canities changes 132, 133 density 2 embryology and normal hair development 55, 56 hair cycle 2 partial longitudinal follicle unit transplantation, see Hair transplantation pigmentation unit 129 structure 3, 4 Hairless protein, mutations and disease 91 Hair loss, see also specific conditions children, see Pediatric hair loss evaluation, see also Male baldness clinical evaluation 12 15 clinical history 10 family history 10, 11 hair card test 19 hair weight 19 history of hair problem 12 personal history 11 pull test 16 18 trichogram 18, 19 tug test 19 scalp dermoscopy, see Trichoscopy treatment 7 Hair mount, see Trichogram Hair shaft disorders, see also specific disorders pediatric hair loss 61 63, 31 ethnic differences composition 140 structure 140 Hair transplantation female pattern hair loss 50 male baldness 42 overview 150, 151 partial longitudinal follicle unit transplantation comparison to traditional hair transplantation techniques 152 156 limitations 156, 157 technique 151, 152 Hereditary hypotrichosis simplex, genetics 92, 93 Human immunodeficiency virus, hair loss 103 Hydroxychloroquine lichen planopilaris management 79 Subject Index 161
Hypotrichosis children congenital disease 63, 64 Marie-Unna hypotrichosis 64, 91 genetics 89, 91 hereditary hypotrichosis simplex 92, 93 Imiquimod, discoid lupus erythematosus Inner root sheath gene mutations 88 keratinization 2 structure 3 Iron deficiency effects on hair 114, 115 hair loss induction in excess 117 Keratin, defects 88 Keratin-associated proteins aging effects 5 hair follicle structure 3 Keratoderma with woolly hair without cardiac involvement, genetics 90 Keratosis follicularis spinulosa decalvans, features and treatment 83 Ketoconazole, female pattern hair loss management 50 Laser therapy female pattern hair loss management 50, 51 male baldness management 42 Latanoprost female pattern hair loss management 50 male baldness management 40 Leprosy, hair loss 101 Lice examination 13 hair loss 103 Lichen planopilaris clinical presentation 79 diagnosis 79 pathogenesis 78, 79 prognosis 79 treatment 79, 80 trichoscopy 27 Light therapy, see Laser therapy Loose anagen syndrome, children 59, 60 Lupus erythematosus, hair loss 103, 104 Lysine, dietary supplementation 116, 117 Male baldness, see also Androgenetic alopecia, specific diseases classification 35 37 diffuse alopecia 42, 43 evaluation blood tests 37, 38 clinical features 36 histopathology 37 trichogram 36, 37 trichoscopy 36 evolution 33, 34 management bimatoprost 40 dutasteride 41, 42 finasteride 39 41 laser therapy 42 latanoprost 40 minoxidil 39, 40 overview 38, 39 prospects 42 surgery 42 mechanisms 34, 35 senescent alopecia 43 Marasmus 115 Marie-Unna hypotrichosis 64, 91 Medulla, hair fiber 3, 4 Melanocyte, aging biology 130 132 loss effects on growth 134 136 Methionine, dietary supplementation 116 Methotrexate, discoid lupus erythematosus Minoxidil alopecia areata management 72 children 58 female pattern hair loss management 49 lichen planopilaris management 80 male baldness management 39, 40 mechanism of action 7 Monilethrix genetics 88 Mycophenolate mofetil lichen planopilaris management 79, 80 Mycosis fungoides, hair loss 100 Mycosis, hair loss 102, 103 162 Subject Index
Naxos disease, genetics 89, 90 NFATc1, hair aging 6, 7 Nutrition, see specific nutrients Outer root sheath, structure 3 p53, hair aging 5 Partial longitudinal follicle unit transplantation, see Hair transplantation Pediatric hair loss alopecia areata 57 59 anagen effluvium 59, 60 androgenetic alopecia 59 atrichia congenita 61, 63 diagnosis 56 ectodermal dysplasia 64 embryology and normal hair development 55, 56 hair shaft disorders 61 63 hypotrichosis congenital 63, 64 Marie-Unna hypotrichosis 64 loose anagen syndrome 59, 60 telogen effluvium 60 traction alopecia 61 trichotillomania 60, 61 Pediculosis capitis, see Lice Phototherapy, see Laser therapy Pigment loss, see Graying Pili annulati Pili canaliculi, Pili torti Pili trianguli Pioglitazone, lichen planopilaris management 80 Platelet-rich plasma, female pattern hair loss management 51 Protein-calorie malnutrition, effects on hair 115 Pseudofolliculitis barbae, ethnic patients 144, 145 Pseudopelade of Brocq clinical presentation 82, 83 diagnosis 83 pathogenesis 83 treatment 83 Pull test, hair loss evaluation 16 18 Pure hair and nail ectodermal dysplasia, genetics 88 Red scalp, ultraviolet radiation exposure 108, 109 Ringed hair, see Pili annulati Sarcoidosis, hair loss 104 Scalp dermoscopy, see Trichoscopy Scarring alopecia, see also Acne keloidalis nuchae, Central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia, Discoid lupus erythematosus, Dissecting cellulitis, Dissecting folliculitis, Fibrosing alopecia in a pattern distribution, Folliculitis decalvans, Folliculitis keloidalis, Frontal fibrosing alopecia, Graham-Little-Piccardi-Lassueur syndrome, Keratosis follicularis spinulosa decalvans, Lichen planopilaris, Pseudopelade of Brocq classification 77 overview 76 Seborrheic dermatitis, ultraviolet radiation exposure 108 Selenium, hair loss induction 117 Senescent alopecia, male baldness 43 Smoking hair effects 112 114 health education 114 Stemoxydine, female pattern hair loss management 51 Styling, see Hair care Syphilis, hair loss 100, 101 Tacrolimus alopecia areata management 73 lichen planopilaris management 80 Telogen effluvium causes 97 99 children 60 chronic disease 99 epidemiology 97 trichoscopy 26 Telomere, hair aging changes 5, 6 Thalidomide lichen planopilaris management 80 Tinea capitis clinical presentation 57 trichoscopy 29 Subject Index 163
Traction alopecia children 61 ethnic patients 142, 143 Transient amplifying cell, proliferation 2 Transient neonatal hair loss, clinical presentation 57, 58 Travoprost, female pattern hair loss management 50 Triamcinolone lichen planopilaris management 79 Trichogram female pattern hair loss 48 hair loss evaluation 18, 19 male baldness 36, 37 Trichorrexis invaginata Trichorrexis nodosa ethnic patients 141, 142 Trichoscopy alopecia areata 25, 57 androgenetic alopecia 22, 23, 25 central centrifugal alopecia 29 congenital triangular alopecia 26 discoid lupus erythematosus 28 dissecting cellulitis 28, 29 female pattern hair loss 48 folliculitis decalvans 28 frontal fibrosing alopecia 27, 28 hair shaft disorders 30, 31 lichen planopilaris 27 male baldness 36 normal scalp findings 21, 22 overview 21 24 telogen effluvium 26 tinea capitis 29 trichotillomania 26 Trichothiodystrophy Trichotillomania children 60, 61 trichoscopy 26 Tufted folliculitis 84 Tug test children 56 hair loss evaluation 19 Ultraviolet radiation hair aging 5, 6, 111 hair effects 107 111 hair protection 111, 112 Varicella-zoster virus, hair loss 101, 102 Vitamin A, hair loss induction 117 Vitiligo, alopecia areata 15 Woolly hair genetics 87, 88 keratoderma with woolly hair without cardiac involvement 90 Zinc, deficiency effects on hair 115 164 Subject Index