Control of Apple Maggot in Umatilla County, Oregon Helmuth Rogg Oregon Department of Agriculture Oregon State University Extension Service Milton-Freewater Apple Industry
Life cycle: One generation (univoltine) In July, female lays up to 300 eggs under skin of fruit First instar larvae (3-7 dd) bore into fruit Larvae in fruit for 3-4 wks Mature larvae drop to soil and pupate in soil (2-5cm) Pupae may remain up to 3 yrs in soil Host trees: apple, crab-apple, hawthorn, cherry, peach, pear, plum
Pomonella Species Complex: Rhagoletis cornivora (Dogwood berry maggot) Rhagoletis mendax (Blueberry maggot) Rhagoletis pomonella (Apple maggot) Rhagoletis zephyria (Snowberry maggot) 2 undescribed species Apple biotype and hawthorn biotype
Apple maggot or snowberry maggot?
SEM photos of male genitalia Control of Apple Maggot in Umatilla County Drawing of female ovipositor Blue Mountain Horticulture Society, 2008 (R.L. Westcott, 1982) Ovipositor Ovipositor Male genitalia Snowberry maggot (divergent surstyli) Apple maggot (parallel surstyli)
Apple Maggot Trapping Options Red Ball (Sphere) Trap Yellow Sticky Traps
Control Program 2006 Detection and delimitation survey between Pendleton and M-F
Focus on Corridors
Focus on Pendleton
Control Program Blue Mountain Apartment Complex 1. Host tree removal 2. Ground and foliage spraying 3. Ground Netting 4. Trapping
Control 2006 Apple of Maggot Apple Control Maggot and in Survey Umatilla Program County Blue Mountain Horticulture Society, 2008 Umatilla County, Oregon (422 traps) 2006 results Prepared by Oregon Department of Agriculture (hwr) Data Source(s): Oregon Geospatial Data Clearinghouse, Oregon Department of Agriculture This product is for informational purposes and may not have been prepared for, or be suitable for legal, engineering, or surveying purposes. Users of this information should review or consult the primary data and information sources to ascertain the usability of this information. Map Date: October 30, 2006 For further information please contact: Helmuth Rogg (541-963-4608) and Kathleen Johnson (503-986-4662), ODA
Total of 135 AM
Control 2006 Apple of Apple Maggot Maggot Survey in Umatilla Blue County Mountain Apart, Blue Pendleton Mountain Horticulture Society, 2008 Positive AM site Negative AM site Total: 29 hawthorn trees 25 positive, 4 negative Blue Mt Apart Total catches: 135 apple maggots Goodwin Blue Mountain Apartments Nazareth Church USDA Forestry Servic Bldg Hailey Hwy 97
Early Spring: Soil Removal 2007 Control Program Early Summer: Ground and Foliage Applications Netting Trapping
Control 2007 Apple of Apple Maggot Maggot Survey in Umatilla Blue County Mountain Apart, Blue Pendleton Mountain Horticulture Society, 2008 Positive AM site Total: 29 hawthorn trees 11 positive, 18 negative Total catches: 6 apple maggots Negative AM site Blue Mt Apart
40 Apple Maggot trap catches at Blue Mountain Apartment, Pendleton 2006 and 2007 35 34 31 Trap catches 2006 Trap catches 2007 30 Number of AM caught 25 20 15 12 22 11 10 7 5 4 5 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 6/8 6/15 6/22 6/29 7/6 7/13 7/20 7/27 8/3 8/10 8/17 8/24 8/31 9/7 9/14 9/21 9/28 10/5 10/12 Date
AM trap catches at Blue Mountain Apart, Pendleton 2006 and2007 35 34 31 30 Number of AM caught 25 20 15 10 5 Provado Talstar Assail Assail 12 1 1 1 22 1 Assail Provad o 11 1 1 Assail 7 Provad o Assail 4 5 5 1 1 1 1 0 6/8/07 6/22/07 7/6/07 7/20/07 8/3/07 8/17/07 8/31/07 9/14/07 9/28/07 10/12/07 Date 2007 2006 Chemical treatment
Control Costs 2006 Tree removal ($5,000 by ODA) Chemical control ($800 by Apple Industry) Total: $5,800 2007 Chemical control ($2500 by Apple Industry) Soil removal $0 by OSU/ODA volunteers) Total: $2,500 2008 Chemical control ($2000 by Apple Industry??) Total: $2,000
Timeframe 2006: Detection survey and 1st eradication actions 2007: Detection survey and 2nd eradication actions 2008: Detection survey and potential 3rd eradication actions 2009: Detection survey 2010: Detection survey 2011: Declare Umatilla free of AM