Pharmacotherapy Handbook Eighth Edition Barbara G. Wells, PharmD, HP, FCCP, BCPP Dean and Professor Executive Director, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi Oxford, Mississippi Joseph T. DiPiro, PharmD, FCCP Professor and Executive Dean South Carolina College of Pharmacy Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, and University of South Carolina, Columbia Terry L. Schwinghammer, PharmD, FCCP, FASHP, FAPhA, BCPS Professor and Chair, Department of Clinical Pharmacy School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University Morgantown, West Virginia Cecily V. DiPiro, PharmD Consultant Pharmacist Mount Pleasant, South Carolina Medical New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi Paris San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto
Preface Acknowledgments To the Reader ix x xi BONE AND JOINT DISORDERS Gout and Hyperuricemia 1 2. Osteoarthritis 9 3. Osteoporosis 20 4. Rheumatoid Arthritis 33 2: CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS 5. Acute Coronary Syndromes 45 6. Arrhythmias 62 7. Cardiac Arrest 77 8. Dyslipidemia 85 9. Heart Failure 99 Hypertension Ischemic Heart Disease 136 12. Shock 149 Stroke 162 Venous Thromboembolism 169 3: DERMATOLOCIC DISORDERS Acne Vulgaris 185 Dermatologic Drug Reactions and Common Skin Conditions 192 Psoriasis 199 4: ENDOCRINOLOGIC DISORDERS Adrenal Gland Disorders 209 19. Diabetes Mellitus 217 20. Thyroid Disorders 237
Contents 5: GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS Edited by Joseph T. DiPiro and Terry L. Schwinghammer Cirrhosis and Portal Hypertension 249 22. Constipation 260 23. Diarrhea 267 24. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease 274 25. Hepatitis, Viral 284 26. Inflammatory Bowel Disease 295 27. Nausea and Vomiting 308 28. Pancreatitis 320 29. Peptic Ulcer Disease 329 6: GYNECOLOGIC AND OBSTETRIC DISORDERS 30. Contraception 31. Menopause & & Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy 357 32. Pregnancy and Lactation: Therapeutic Considerations 7: HEMATOLOGIC DISORDERS 33. Anemias 34. Sickle Cell Disease 8: INFECTIOUS DISEASES Edited by Joseph T. DiPiro 35. Antimicrobial Regimen Selection 399 36. Central Nervous System Infections 410 37. Endocarditis 423 Fungal Infections, Invasive 39. Gastrointestinal Infections 40. Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection 41. Influenza. 488 Intraabdominal Infections 43. Respiratory Tract Infections, Lower 44. Respiratory Tract Infections, Upper 45. Sepsis and Septic Shock
Contents 46. Sexually Transmitted Diseases 540 47. Skin and Soft-Tissue Infections 559 48. Surgical Prophylaxis 573 49. Tuberculosis 584 50. Urinary Tract Infections and Prostatitis 599 Vaccines, Toxoids, and Other Immunobiologics 613 9: NEUROLOGIC DISORDERS 52. Alzheimer's Disease 635 53. Epilepsy 644 54. Headache: Migraine and Tension-Type 670 55. Pain Management 686 56. Parkinson's Disease 706 57. Status Epilepticus 715 NUTRITIONAL DISORDERS 58. Assessment of Nutrition Status and Nutrition Requirements 725 59. Enteral Nutrition 735 60. Obesity 745 Parenteral Nutrition 751 11: ONCOLOGIC DISORDERS 62. Breast Cancer 763 63. Colorectal Cancer 775 64. Lung Cancer 787 65. Lymphomas 794 66. Prostate Cancer 803 67. Renal Cell Carcinoma 811 OPHTHALMIC DISORDERS 68. Glaucoma 819
PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS 69. Anxiety Disorders 829 70. Bipolar Disorder 851 Major Depressive Disorder 873 72. Schizophrenia 894 73. Sleep Disorders 911 74. Substance-Related Disorders 921 14: RENAL DISORDERS 75. Acid-Base Disorders 939 76. Acute Kidney Injury 949 77. Chronic Kidney Disease 958 78. Drug Therapy Individualization for Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease 976 79. Electrolyte Homeostasis 983 RESPIRATORY DISORDERS 80. Allergic Rhinitis Asthma 82. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 1030 UROLOGIC DISORDERS 83. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia 84. Erectile Dysfunction 85. Urinary Incontinence APPENDICES Appendix Allergic and Drug Reactions Appendix 2. Geriatrics 1072 Appendix 3. Drug-Induced Hematologic Disorders 1077 Appendix 4. Drug-Induced Liver Disease 1082 Appendix 5. Drug-Induced Pulmonary Disease 1085 Appendix 6. Drug-Induced Kidney Disease 1092 VIII 1097 \