Page 1 of 5 Title Describe continence, incontinence, interventions, and required reporting in an aged care, health, or disability context Level 2 Credits 8 Purpose People credited with this unit standard are able to describe: human body bladder and bowel functioning related to maintaining continence; types of incontinence, indicators of incontinence, factors that may affect continence, and the process for assessment of a person showing indicators of incontinence; interventions, products, and practices that may assist people living with incontinence; and reporting requirements related to changes in people living with Classification Health, Disability, and Aged Support > Core Health Available grade Achieved Explanatory notes 1 Legislation and codes relevant to this unit standard include: Health and Disability Commissioner (Code of Health and Disability Services Consumers Rights) Regulations 1996; Health Information Privacy Code (1994); Human Rights Act 1993; Privacy Act 1993. 2 New Zealand Standards relevant to this unit standard include: Age related residential care agreement 2009-2010 Ministry of Health: Wellington. NZS 8134.0:2008 Health and disability services Standards Health and disability services (general) Standard; NZS 8134.1:2008 Health and disability services Standards Health and disability services (core) Standards; NZS 8134.3:2008 Health and disability services Standards Health and disability services (infection prevention and control) Standards; NZS 8158:2003 Home and Community Support Sector Standard; available at http://www.standards.co.nz/. 3 Primary references include: Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing. (n.d.). Bladder and bowel website: Take control An initiative of the National Continence Management Strategy. Retrieved 2 February, 2011, from http://www.bladderbowel.gov.au/; Continence Foundation of Australia. (2009). The continence guide: Bladder and bowel control explained. Author: Parkville, VIC., available at http://www.continence.org.au/resources.php;
Page 2 of 5 Deakin University, funded under the National Continence Management Strategy. (2009). Continence tools for residential aged care: An education guide. Author: Burwood, Vic., Australia. This guide and other resources are available at http://www.bladderbowel.gov.au/ncms\ctrac.htm; New Zealand Continence Association. (n.d.). Caring for someone with incontinence. Retrieved 15 February, 2011, from http://www.continence.org.nz/content/continence- Information-Adults/18/; New Zealand Continence Association. (n.d.). Older People and continence. Retrieved 15 February, 2011, from http://www.continence.org.nz/content/continence- Information-Adults/18/; Other New Zealand Continence Association resources focusing on specific populations or issues related to continence are available at http://www.continence.org.nz/. 4 Definitions Candidate refers to the person seeking credit for this unit standard. Organisation s policies and procedures are the policies and procedures of the employing organisation of the candidate and include ethical codes, standards, and other organisational requirements. Person refers to a user of services in a health or disability context in either a residential care facility or in a private home the person s own or a friend s, group s, or family member s. Outcomes and evidence requirements Outcome 1 Describe human body bladder and bowel functioning related to maintaining continence. 1.1 The role of the human urinary system in maintaining continence is described in system includes lower urinary tract, kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, prostate, pelvic floor muscles, urine. 1.2 The role of the human digestive system in maintaining continence is described in system includes mouth, stomach, small intestine/bowel, large intestine/bowel, rectum, anus, bowel motion/faeces. 1.3 Normal bladder and bowel functions are described in accordance with the primary references.
Page 3 of 5 Outcome 2 Describe types of incontinence, indicators of incontinence, factors that may affect continence, and the process for assessment of a person showing indicators of 2.1 The causes of common types of urinary incontinence are described in common types of urinary incontinence may include but are not limited to stress incontinence, over-active bladder syndrome, mixed urinary incontinence, functional incontinence; evidence is required of a minimum of two types; evidence is required for two causes for each type. 2.2 The causes of common types of faecal incontinence are described in common types of faecal incontinence may include but are not limited to constipation, diarrhoea, impaction; evidence is required of a minimum of two types; evidence is required for two causes for each type. 2.3 Observable indicators of incontinence are described in accordance with the primary references. indicators include those related to skin condition, bladder voiding pattern and control, bowel movements, food and fluid intake, signs of urinary tract infection. 2.4 Factors that may affect a person s ability to remain continent are described in factors may include but are not limited to age, impaired mental function, impaired mobility, overweight, infection, medications, neurological disorders, medical conditions and diseases; evidence is required of a minimum of four factors. 2.5 The process for assessment of a person showing indicators of incontinence is described in terms of advice from a health practitioner and/or the organisation s policies and procedures.
Page 4 of 5 Outcome 3 Describe interventions, products, and practices that may assist people living with 3.1 Interventions are described in relation to different types of toileting assistance, behavioural modifications, access, and changes to the environment. interventions include but are not limited to individualised toileting programme; prompted voiding; timed toileting; use of toileting aids, providing sufficient time for people to complete toileting requirements; environmental changes including use of signage and ease of access to toileting facilities; modification of clothing; access to information, education, and resources on incontinence for the person and the person s family/whānau. 3.2 Lifestyle interventions for the treatment and/or management of incontinence are described in terms of the type of incontinence experienced. lifestyle interventions include but are not limited to modification of food and fluid intake, bladder retraining, pelvic floor muscle exercises, individualised toileting programmes, use of incontinence medications, treatment of underlying conditions. 3.3 Containment of incontinence is described in relation to the correct selection, application, care, removal, and disposal of continence products. products include but are not limited to absorbent pads, uridomes, urinary catheters and associated drainage systems, products for bed and chair protection, ostomy products. 3.4 Infection control practices that may assist a person living with incontinence are described in accordance with the organisation s policies and procedures. evidence is required of four infection control practices. Outcome 4 Describe reporting requirements related to changes in people living with incontinence in an aged care, health, or disability context. 4.1 Changes to be reported are described in terms of observed indicators and in accordance with the organisation s policies and procedures.
Page 5 of 5 Planned review date 31 December 2016 Status information and last date for assessment for superseded versions Process Version Date Last Date for Assessment Registration 1 18 February 2011 N/A Accreditation and Moderation Action Plan (AMAP) reference 0024 This AMAP can be accessed at http://www.nzqa.govt.nz/framework/search/index.do. Please note Providers must be granted consent to assess against standards (accredited) by NZQA, or an inter-institutional body with delegated authority for quality assurance, before they can report credits from assessment against unit standards or deliver courses of study leading to that assessment. Industry Training Organisations must be granted consent to assess against standards by NZQA before they can register credits from assessment against unit standards. Providers and Industry Training Organisations, which have been granted consent and which are assessing against unit standards must engage with the moderation system that applies to those standards. Consent requirements and an outline of the moderation system that applies to this standard are outlined in the Accreditation and Moderation Action Plan (AMAP). The AMAP also includes useful information about special requirements for organisations wishing to develop education and training programmes, such as minimum qualifications for tutors and assessors, and special resource requirements. Comments on this unit standard Please contact the enquiries@careerforce.org.nz if you wish to suggest changes to the content of this unit standard.