Biology 3201 The Nervous System Test 1. The central nervous system consists of: a. Nerves and neurons c. spinal chord and nerves b. brain and neurons d. brain and spinal chord 2. This part of the brain is considered the homeostatic center. a. cerebrum c. Pons b. hypothalamus d. Thalamus 3. This part of the brain controls many involuntary responses of the internal organs. a. hypothalamus c. medulla oblongata b. Pons d. Midbrain 4. Which region of the neuron below enhances the rate of impulse transmission? (A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D 5. What is the normal ion distribution outside the neural membrane when a neuron is at rest? K+ concentration /Na+ concentration (A) high /high (B) high /low (C) low /high (D) low /low 6. Which part of the nerve cell is affected most by multiple sclerosis? (A) axon (B) cell body (C) dendrites (D) myelin sheath 7. Which part of the human eye is considered to be an adaptation for living in a low light environment? (A) cones (B) iris (C) retina (D) rods 8. What initiates the action potential in a nerve? (A) influx of calcium ions into the axon (B) influx of sodium ions into the axon (C) outflow of calcium ions from the axon (D) outflow of sodium ions from the axon 9. Which disorder affects the movement of skeletal muscles due to a dopamine deficiency? (A) Alzheimer s (B) Huntingon s (C) Multiple Sclersosis (D) Parkinson s
10. Which part of the brain controls movement that is an automatic, involuntary reaction to a stimulus? (A) cerebellum (B) cerebrum (C) hypothalamus (D) thalamus _11. What is the best way to treat a child with repeated middle ear infections due to fluid build-up behind the ear drum? (A) Administer antibiotics for several years. (B) Implant eustachian tubes. (C) Prepare the child for the loss of hearing. (D) Provide a hearing aid. _ 12.Mr. Sullivan has a tumor and finds it hard to describe what an apple is when placed to his far right, but can describe it immediately when placed to his far left. What part of his brain is damaged by the tumor? a. hypothalamus c. Pons b. midbrain d. corpus callosum 13.The opening of adjacent Na + channels is triggered by: a. entry of potassium ions into the neuron b. Release of neurotransmitters into the synapse c. the depolarization of the neuron d. Release of sodium ions into the synapse 14.Which is true of the refractory period of the neuron? a. it occurs very quickly b. it is a slow process c. Usually takes 0.1 seconds to take place d. does not occur in motor neurons 15. A stimulus greater than threshold will: a. boost the rate of an action potential b. cause nerve damage and the release of acetylcholine c. Reduce the rate of signal transmission d. activate an impulse of the same speed and intensity as a regular stimulus 16. John has been having problems with his heart. His doctor says that it has been fluctuating from normal beats to elevated beats. Which neurotransmitter is out of wack!? a. Noradrenaline b. Acetylcholine c. GABA d. Glutamate 17. Which of the following would be involved in returning the body back to normal after a flight-or-fight response? a. Central nervous system c. peripheral nervous system b. parasympathetic nervous system d. sympathetic nervous system 18. Which lobe of the brain is involved in hearing? a. Frontal c. Parietal b. occipital d. Temporal 19. The three bones in the ear comprise the A. marrow B. osilator C. ossicles. D. vestibular tubule
_20. When traveling in an airplane as we ascend we yawn and cause our ears to pop. This is caused by: A. the air to moves through the eustachian tube B. the air to moves through the nasopharnyx C. the air moves into the ear through the auditory canal D. the air does not moves and places stress on the outer ear _21. Eustachian tube implants are required in which of the following cases: A. they are impossible to implant B. fluid build up behind eardrum which causes chronic inner ear infection C. fluid build up behind eardrum which causes chronic outer ear infection D. fluid build up behind eardrum which causes chronic middle ear infection 22. Nerve deafness is caused by: A. damage to hair cells in spiral organ B. damage to hair cells in auditory canal C. damage to the cornea D. Damage to the incus _23.With respect to the human ear, which structure is known as the hammer? a. Incus c. Ossicle b. Malleus d. stapes 24.Which of the following ions is released at synaptic knobs, causing neurotransmitter release? a. Calcium c. Potassium b. Chloride d. Sodium 25.What is the term for cloudy or opaque regions that form on the lens of the eye? a. accommodation c. Cataracts b. astigmatism d. Glaucoma 26. Which part of the ear is involved in balance and equilibrium? a. Cochlea c. semi-circular canal b. oval window d. Vestibule 27. Which structure of the ear is more commonly known as the eardrum? a. oval window c. round window b. Pinna d. tympanic membrane 28. Which type of receptor in the eye detects colour? a. bipolar cell c. fovea centralis b. Cones d. Rods 29. What are stored in the vesicles at the action terminal a) Neuro-stimulators c) Myelin b) Neuro- transmitters d) Calcuim 30. What is the name of the pump that regulates polarity in a nerve cell a) ion pump c) Sodium/Potassium Pump b) Calcuim/Potassium Pump d) Gander Bay Fire Department Pump
Part B: 40% 1.Explain the whole process of depolarization and repolarization. 10% 2. Explain the process from when light enters the eye to the time an object is perceived. 5% 3. Explain how sound waves move through the ear creating sound. 10%
4. Differentiate between four of the following: 10% Rods and Cones Vitreous Humor and Aqueous Humor Somatic and Autonomic nervous system Sympathetic and Parasympathetic nervous system Axon and Dendrite Myopia and Hyperopia 5. Describe in detail two of the following nervous system disorders. 5% Multiple Sclerosis Parkinson s Disease Huntington s Disease