Home Economics - Senior 4 Study List for Annual Exam Topic Sections The Family Functions of a family Needs met by a family Family responsibilities Different family units (particularly difference between adoption and fostering, nuclear and extended family) How can families interact with the community Eggs Free range vs Battery farmed eggs Nutritional value of eggs Structure of an egg Buying and storing eggs Testing eggs for freshness Functions of eggs Milk Nutrients in milk Different milk available on the market Why is milk heat treated Point to keep in mind when choosing, buying and storing milk. Suitability of milk for different people Lactose intolerance Dairy Products Different types of dairy products (cream, butter, cheese, yoghurt, bio-yoghurts and milk drinks) Factors affecting food choice Factors that affect our food choice Meal planning Points to keep in mind when planning meals Planning meals for: a. Pregnant women b. Toddlers c. Invalids / convalescents d. Athletes e. Elderly persons f. Vegetarians g. School packed lunches h. Adults (active and sedentary) i. Health conditions (constipation, diverticular disease, hypertension, diabetes, anaemia, osteoporosis) j. Sports and exercise k. Food allergies and food intolerances l. Diabetes and dental caries m. Obesity and CHD Cereals, Nuts and Pulses Cereals study all the 6 types of cereals + products made from them.
Nutritional value of cereals Draw and label a cereal grain Different types of flour (from wheat) Gluten-free cereals what is coeliac disease + draw the gluten-free symbol Storage of cereals Refined vs unrefined. Nuts: examples of nuts, nutritional value, storing nuts, uses of nuts in food preparation Pulses: peas, beans and lentils, types of pulses, uses of pulses, selection of pulses, preparing and cooking fresh pulses, buying, choosing and storing pulses, nutritional value, uses of pulses in food preparation Yeast What are raising/ leavening agents. Types of yeast Kneading, proofing, fermentation Conditions for yeast to grow Points to keep in mind when making yeast dough Method how to make the yeast dough Recipes made with the yeast dough Fish Nutritive value Classification of fish White fish vs Oily fish (nutritional value + examples of fish) Shellfish (molluscs and crustaceans) Buying fish Choosing fish (signs of freshness) Being a sustainable consumer Storing fish Uses of fish Preservation of fish Meat Structure of meat Nutritive value Tender cuts vs tough cuts What is offal Poultry and game Points to consider when buying meat Storing and preserving meat Environment awareness What is meant with environment Air, water and soil pollution Current Maltese environmental situation Waste management What is waste Solid vs liquid waste
Organic vs inorganic waste Sant Antnin Waste Treatment Plant Separating waste at source Bring-in Sites Organising waste Bulky and hazardous waste + civic amenity sites 5 R s Government schemes Bi-products (compost + bio diesel) What can we do to be green consumers Consumer Rights and Who a consumer is. Responsibilities Factors influencing consumer choices Informed consumer Consumer responsibilities Consumer rights Legal and commercial guarantee How to redress Shops and shopping practices Factors that influence our choice of shop Advantages and disadvantages of each shop: specialist shops, supermarkets, discount stores, open markets, door-to-door sellers, mail order/ catalogue buying, online shopping, buying over the phone. Online shopping: important points to keep in mind to protect yourself from fraud. 15 day cooling off period Impulse vs planned buying Marketing strategies What marketing strategies are Types of marketing strategies used (examples) Store layout Advertising (types, advantages, disadvantages, misleading ads) Rules for wise shopping Organic farming What organic farming is Advantages and disadvantages (for human health and the environment) Conventional vs organic farming Logo + meaning GMO What does GMO stand for What are GMO s Examples of GMOs Why are people concerned Labelling of GM foods Whisking Method 3 ingredients + proportions used Properties of ingredients used
Steps for Swiss Roll / Fruit Flan Common faults Important terms: whisking, ribbon texture, foldingin Senior citizens Needs of seniors (emotional, intellectual, social, physical) Changing lifestyle Services offered by the state (government) Where can elderly live + advantages and disadvantages of each. Elderly prone to robbery + Neighbourhood watch scheme Gadgets for the elderly Adapting a home Weighing and measuring Weighing scales Spoons (level, rounded, heaped) Rules when weighing and measuring Safety in and outside the home Why are children and elderly more prone to accidents Hazards and safety precautions (kitchen, bathroom, bedroom, corridors, stairs, garage, garden, roads, playing fields) Safety and Hygiene in the kitchen All the rules to follow for safety and hygiene in the kitchen. Selection, Safe use and Care of All utensils + their use and care. Kitchen Equipment Washing up Cake Making Method of cake making The rubbing-in method: ratio of ingredients used, food made with the rubbing-in, cake making tips, preparing a basic rubbing-in mixture, faults in cake making, how to make rock buns. The all-in-one and creaming method: The difference between the two methods, ingredients needed, important terms, utensils needed, recipes made with the all-in-one/creaming method. Attachments of a food mixer Common faults when making cakes Labour saving devices What are labour saving devices Advantages + disadvantages What should you consider before buying a labour saving device Study all the types of labour saving devices (advantages, disadvantages, jobs done, safety aspects etc ) Refrigerators Why owning a refrigerator Storing food in a fridge (temperature)
Where to store food in a fridge Rules to follow Different types of refrigerators (advantages and disadvantages of fridge-freezer, upright, larder, side-by-side) Points to consider when choosing a fridge Environmental impact Choosing suitable packaging Choosing a refrigerator for different groups of people Cleaning a fridge Freezers Temperature of a freezing Advantages and disadvantages of owning a freezer Star markings Types of freezers (advantages and disadvantages of fridge-freezer, upright freezer and chest freezer) Defrosting a freezer Rules to follow when freezing food Suitable packaging Labelling of food Points to consider when buying a freezer Environmental impact Choosing a suitable freezer Choice of goods and services with minimal impact on the Being a green consumer (definition + when buying goods + when using services) environment Products that have the least effect on the environment Symbols How can consumers put pressure on manufacturers Source: Handouts given during lessons