Lung Case Scenario 1 A 54 year white male presents with a recent abnormal CT of the chest. The patient has a history of melanoma, kidney, and prostate cancers. 10/24/13 Chest X-ray: 2.9 cm mass like density in the inferior lingular segment worrisome for neoplasm. Malignancy cannot be excluded. 10/26/13 CT Chest: 2.8 cm speculated soft tissue mass inferior lingular segment consistent with malignancy. This could represent either a primary such as bronchogenic carcinoma or a metastasis. Indeterminate non-calcified sub centimeter soft tissue nodules of unknown malignant potential (one within left upper lobe and one within the right upper lobe). 11/12/13 PET/CT: A 2.9 cm diameter spiculated mass in the lingula demonstrates abnormally increased FDG accumulation (max SUV = 11.9). This is consistent with malignancy. No additional sites of abnormally increased FDG accumulation are visualized elsewhere. Specifically, no abnormal FDG accumulation to correspond to the sub centimeter nodules visualized on the outside CT study in the upper lobes bilaterally. Although the absence of visible FDG accumulation favors a benign etiology, the small size of the nodules reduces the sensitivity of FDG-PET imaging for detecting malignancy. 12/5/13 Operative Report: Left thoracoscopic wedge resection and left upper lobectomy: With the patient under adequate general tracheal anesthesia, bronchoscopy was performed. No endobronchial lesions identified. With the double-lumen endotracheal tube positioned, in the full lateral position with the left side up, patient prepped and draped. Three access ports were utilized, through which a 10 mm rigid thoracoscope was introduced. There were no significant adhesions. The lesion was identified in the lingular area in the upper lobe. A generous wedge resection was performed using the endoscopic stapler. The specimen was removed in a sterile bag and sent for frozen section evaluation, which proved to be an adenocarcinoma. It did not appear to be metastatic. Therefore, the upper lobe was resected in standard fashion. The heavy black load was used to cross the bronchus, purple loads across the other vascular structures. The specimen was removed. The bronchial stump was checked and was air tight. The area was irrigated out. Mediastinal nodes were sampled. Path: Final Diagnosis: A) LUNG, LEFT UPPER LOBE, WEDGE BIOPSY: -HISTOLOGIC TUMOR TYPE: INVASIVE MODERATE DIFFERENTIATED ADENOCARCINOMA. -HISTOLOGIC TUMOR GRADE: GRADE 2 (OF 4). -TUMOR FOCALITY: UNIFOCAL. -TUMOR SIZE: 2.9 X 2.5 X 2.3 CM. -VISCERAL PLEURA INVOLVEMENT: PRESENT (PL1 HIGHLIGHTED WITH VVG STAIN). -VASCULAR INVASION: NOT IDENTIFIED. -MARGINS: SURGICAL MARGIN IS NEGATIVE FOR TUMOR. -ADDITIONAL PATHOLOGIC FINDINGS: EMPHYSEMATOUS CHANGES AND BRONCHIECTASIS.
B) LYMPH NODE (1), MEDIASTINAL, EXCISION: - NEGATIVE FOR MALIGNANCY. C) LUNG, LEFT UPPER LOBE, LOBECTOMY: - NO RESIDUAL TUMOR IDENTIFIED. - THE SURGICAL MARGINS ARE NEGATIVE. - A SINGLE BENIGN LYMPH NODE IS IDENTIFIED. D) LYMPH NODE (1), AP WINDOW, EXCISION: - NEGATIVE FOR MALIGNANCY. E) LYMPH NODE (1), INFERIOR PULMONARY LIGAMENT, EXCISION: - HYALINIZED GRANULOMATOUS INFLAMMATION. - NEGATIVE FOR MALIGNANCY.
Case Scenario 1 Worksheet Primary Site C34.1 Morphology 8140/3 Grade 2 Stage/ Prognostic Factors CS Tumor Size 029 CS SSF 9 988 CS Extension 420 CS SSF 10 988 CS Tumor Size/Ext Eval 3 CS SSF 11 988 CS Lymph Nodes 000 CS SSF 12 988 CS Lymph Nodes Eval 3 CS SSF 13 988 Regional Nodes Positive 00 CS SSF 14 988 Regional Nodes Examined 04 CS SSF 15 988 CS Mets at Dx 00 CS SSF 16 988 CS Mets Eval 0 CS SSF 17 988 CS SSF 1 000 CS SSF 18 988 CS SSF 2 010 CS SSF 19 988 CS SSF 3 988 CS SSF 20 988 CS SSF 4 988 CS SSF 21 988 CS SSF 5 988 CS SSF 22 988 CS SSF 6 988 CS SSF 23 988 CS SSF 7 988 CS SSF 24 988 CS SSF 8 988 CS SSF 25 988 Summary Stage Clinical AJCC TNM Stage 2 Regional by direct extension only T1b N0 M0 Stage group IA Derived AJCC TNM Stage (indicate c or p in the space before the T, N, or M) Pathologic AJCC TNM Stage pt2a pn0 cm0 Stage group IB T2a N0 cm0 Stage group IB Treatment Diagnostic Staging Procedure 00 Surgery Codes Radiation Codes Surgical Procedure of Primary Site 30 Radiation Treatment Volume 00 Scope of Regional Lymph Node 5 Regional Treatment Modality 00 Surgery Surgical Procedure/ Other Site 0 Regional Dose 00000 Systemic Therapy Codes Boost Treatment Modality 00 Chemotherapy 00 Boost Dose 00000 Hormone Therapy 00 Number of Treatments to Volume 000 Immunotherapy 00 Reason No Radiation 1 Hematologic Transplant/Endocrine 00 Radiation/Surgery Sequence 0 Procedure Systemic/Surgery Sequence 0
Case Scenario 2 A 71 year old white male presents with persistent pneumonia. He has a history of adenocarcinoma of the colon. 5/14/13 CT Chest: 1. No acute pulmonary thromboembolism. 2. Right upper lobe peribronchovascular nodular opacity. Multiple bilateral parenchymal, pleural and subpleural pulmonary nodules. The largest nodule is in the right upper lobe parenchyma and measures 4.3cm. Bilateral hiladiastinal and right axillary lymphadenopathy. This most likely represents metastasis. 3. The right hilar lymphadenopathy causes narrowing of the right upper lobe bronchus and its segmental branches, right upper lobe pulmonary artery and right interlobar artery. 4. Right-sided mild to moderate pleural effusion. 5/14/13 Thoracentesis: involvement by small cell carcinoma 5/25/13 MRI Brain: Negative for malignancy 5/28/13 PET/CT: Multiple parenchymal nodules within the middle lobe, right lower lobe and branching peribronchiolar nodular opacity within the right upper lobe with multiple subpleural nodules in the lingula, left lung apex and portions of the left lower lobe. Extensive intrathoracic metastatic bronchogenic disease predominantly within the right hemithorax and involving the right pleural space. No osseous metastatic disease. 5/22/13 Medical Oncology: Cisplatin, VP-16 10/28/13-11/8/13 Radiation Oncology: Prophylactic cranial irradiation, 6MV, 2500 cgy in 10 fractions to whole brain 11/12/13-12/17/13 Radiation Oncology: Right upper lung, 18MV, 5000 cgy in 25 fractions
Case Scenario 2 Worksheet Primary Site C34.9 Morphology 8041/3 Grade 9 Stage/ Prognostic Factors CS Tumor Size 043 CS SSF 9 988 CS Extension 100 CS SSF 10 988 CS Tumor Size/Ext Eval 0 CS SSF 11 988 CS Lymph Nodes 600 CS SSF 12 988 CS Lymph Nodes Eval 0 CS SSF 13 988 Regional Nodes Positive 98 CS SSF 14 988 Regional Nodes Examined 00 CS SSF 15 988 CS Mets at Dx 36* CS SSF 16 988 CS Mets Eval 0* CS SSF 17 988 CS SSF 1 020 CS SSF 18 988 CS SSF 2 998 CS SSF 19 988 CS SSF 3 988 CS SSF 20 988 CS SSF 4 988 CS SSF 21 988 CS SSF 5 988 CS SSF 22 988 CS SSF 6 988 CS SSF 23 988 CS SSF 7 988 CS SSF 24 988 CS SSF 8 988 CS SSF 25 988 Summary Stage Clinical AJCC TNM Stage 7 Distant site(s)/node(s) involved T4 N3 M1b Stage group IV Derived AJCC TNM Stage (indicate c or p in the space before the T, N, or M) Pathologic AJCC TNM Stage ct4 cn3 cm1b Stage group IV T_ N_ M1b* Treatment Diagnostic Staging Procedure 00 Surgery Codes Radiation Codes Surgical Procedure of Primary Site 00 Radiation Treatment Volume 11 Scope of Regional Lymph Node 0 Regional Treatment Modality 25 Surgery Surgical Procedure/ Other Site 0 Regional Dose 05000 Systemic Therapy Codes Boost Treatment Modality 00 Chemotherapy 03 Boost Dose 00000 Hormone Therapy 00 Number of Treatments to Volume 025 Immunotherapy 00 Reason No Radiation 0 Hematologic Transplant/Endocrine 00 Radiation/Surgery Sequence 0 Procedure Systemic/Surgery Sequence 0
During the live session we incorrectly stated the pathologic stage was blank. After further review, we determined that the correct stage is pt N M1b Stage IV. This is a case where the derived stage and the pathologic stage do not agree. Because we have pathologic confirmation of distant mets (thoracentisis) we have enough to assign a pathologic stage. We take all of our information about the pathologic confirmation of distant mets and combine that with the information with our clinical information (axillary node metastasis) to come up with the pm1b.
Case Scenario 3 57 year-old white mail presents w/sob, chest pain. Patient is a smoker. CT Chest IMPRESSION: 1. Spiculated right upper lobe mass highly suspicious for primary lung neoplasm. Right hilar and right and left mediastinal lymphadenopathy suspicious for metastatic disease. 2. Lytic lesion in the T12 vertebra highly suspicious for metastatic disease. Involvement of the spinal canal cannot be evaluated by this modality; correlation with clinical symptoms is recommended. 3. Large right sided pleural effusion and small left sided effusion. Ground glass opacities in the right lower lobe related to atelectasis. No pulmonary embolism as clinically questioned. 4. Large pericardial effusion. 5. Upper abdominal lymphadenopathy suspicious for metastatic disease. 6. Nonspecific thickening of the adrenal glands which may be due to hyperplasia; however, metastatic disease cannot be excluded given above findings. CT Head IMPRESSION: No definite CT evidence of acute intracranial abnormality. Mild volume loss CT Abd/Pelvis: IMPRESSION: 1. Complex severe pericardial effusion. May contain blood, pus or proteinaceous fluid. Unable to exclude metastatic involvement. 2. Osteolytic suspicious metastatic lesions, sacrum and right femoral neck. 3. Fluid density structure, T12. Questionable necrotic lytic metastasis. Neurenteric cyst may also be a possibility. 4. Nonspecific right adrenal thickening. 5. Coronary artery calcifications. MRI Spine IMPRESSION: Limited examination. Suspicious marrow replacing lesions in the T12 and S1 vertebral levels, raising concern for osseous metastasis in this patient with metastatic lung cancer. No gross evidence of extraosseous/epidural extension. No evidence of cord compression. Degenerative changes. Bone Scan IMPRESSION: 1. Foci of abnormally increased tracer accumulation highly suspicious for metastases in the right scapula, and both proximal femurs as described. 2. Increased tracer accumulation in the body of T12 surrounding a central region of decreased activity could represent reactive uptake associated with a benign process. However, an additional site of metastatic disease is also a differential consideration. 3. Uptake in a pattern consistent with degenerative disease in a distribution described in the body report.
Pericardiocentesis: Positive for malignancy. Metastatic poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma consistent with primary lung origin. EGFR wild type. Treatment: Patient opted for hospice.
Case Scenario 3 Worksheet Primary Site C34.1 Morphology 8140/3 Grade 9 Stage/ Prognostic Factors CS Tumor Size 999 CS SSF 9 988 CS Extension 400 CS SSF 10 988 CS Tumor Size/Ext Eval 0 CS SSF 11 988 CS Lymph Nodes 600 CS SSF 12 988 CS Lymph Nodes Eval 0 CS SSF 13 988 Regional Nodes Positive 98 CS SSF 14 988 Regional Nodes Examined 00 CS SSF 15 988 CS Mets at Dx 52* CS SSF 16 988 CS Mets Eval 0 CS SSF 17 988 CS SSF 1 000 CS SSF 18 988 CS SSF 2 998 CS SSF 19 988 CS SSF 3 988 CS SSF 20 988 CS SSF 4 988 CS SSF 21 988 CS SSF 5 988 CS SSF 22 988 CS SSF 6 988 CS SSF 23 988 CS SSF 7 988 CS SSF 24 988 CS SSF 8 988 CS SSF 25 988 Summary Stage Clinical AJCC TNM Stage 7 Distant site(s)/node(s) involved T2 N3 M1b Stage group IV Derived AJCC TNM Stage (indicate c or p in the space before the T, N, or M) Pathologic AJCC TNM Stage ct2 cn3 cm1b Stage group IV T blank N blank M1a Stage group IV Treatment Diagnostic Staging Procedure 00 Surgery Codes Radiation Codes Surgical Procedure of Primary Site 00 Radiation Treatment Volume 00 Scope of Regional Lymph Node 0 Regional Treatment Modality 00 Surgery Surgical Procedure/ Other Site 0 Regional Dose 00000 Systemic Therapy Codes Boost Treatment Modality 00 Chemotherapy 00 Boost Dose 00000 Hormone Therapy 00 Number of Treatments to Volume 000 Immunotherapy 00 Reason No Radiation 1 Hematologic Transplant/Endocrine 00 Radiation/Surgery Sequence 0 Procedure Systemic/Surgery Sequence 0 *After further we review we believe that code 52 best reflects all of the distant metastasis. However, code 42 and code 52 both derive an M1b.