Index 287 INDEX 3TC...245 246 3TC/FTC...66 67 Abacavir...68, 218 Abacavir + lamivudine...219 220 Abacavir + lamivudine + zidovudine...220 ABC...218 Absolute neutrophil counts (ANC)...136, 137 Acidosis, lactic...48 49 Acute diarrhea...144 Acute inflammatory demyelinating neuropathy (AIDP)...153 Acyclovir...147 Adefovir dipivoxil...221 Adrenal function, disorders of...139 140 AIDS, see HIV infection American trypanosomiasis...91 Amphotericin B...147 Anal cancer...139 Anemia...135 136 Anorexia...143 Antibody testing...7 9 Antiretroviral Pregnancy Registry...162, 216 Antiretroviral therapy adverse effects...42 51 agents for...20 25 allergic potential...216 bioavailability...214 dosage adjustments... 215 216 drug interactions...216 excreted unchanged...214 indications...11 initiation of...20 25 metabolic and morphologic complications of...38 41 mode of elimination...215 plasma protein binding...215 postpartum management in...170 195 in pregnancy drug classes for...171 195 initiation of...164 safety...216 regimen for...25 30, 58 59 usual dose...214 volume of distribution (V d )...215 Antiretroviral treatment failure...56 management of...60 61 types...56 57 clinical failure...56, 57, 59 immunologic failure...56, 59 virologic failure...56 59 Aptivus...269 270 Arthropathy...151 Aspergillosis, invasive...83 84 Atazanavir... 69, 182 183, 222 223 ATRIPLA...232 233 ATV...222 223 Bacillary angiomatosis...158 Bacterial infections...157 158 Bacterial respiratory diseases...84 86 Baraclude...239 240 Bartonella infections...86 87 Bleeding events...43 Blips...59 Boceprevir...224 225 Bone disease...142 Bone marrow suppression...43 Campylobacteriosis...87 Candida esophagitis...90 91 Candidiasis (mucosal)...88 90 Cardiac complications...147 149 Cardiomyopathy...147 148 Cardiovascular disease (CVD)...43 CD4 cell count...18 Central nervous system (CNS) effects...44 Cervical cancer...139 Chagas disease...91 Cholangiopathy...145 Cidofovir...147 Clostridium difficile colitis...91 92 diarrhea...91 92 Coccidioidomycosis...76, 92 94
288 HIV Essentials Colitis Clostridium difficile........ 91 92 CMV...97 98 Combivir...247 Complera...22, 236 237 Condyloma acuminata...113 114 Crixivan...244 245 Cryptococcal meningitis...94, 95 Cryptosporidiosis...96 Cushing s syndrome...140 Cutaneous leishmaniasis...114 Cytomegalovirus (CMV)...97 98 colitis...99 encephalitis...99 esophagitis...99 polyradiculitis...99 retinitis...98 99 D30N...68 69 d4t...67, 264 Darunavir ethanolate...225 226 ddi...68, 228 229 Delavirdine...227 228 Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)...143 Dementia...154 155 Depression...155 Dermatologic complications...156 160 Diabetes mellitus (DM)...45, 141 Diarrhea...144 Clostridium difficile........ 91 92 Didanosine...228 229 Distal sensory neuropathy...152 153 Dolutegravir...229 231 Dronabinol (Marinol)...143 DRV...225 226 Dyslipidemia...40 treatment of...40 41 Edurant...255 256 Efavirenz...179 180, 231 232 Efavirenz + emtricitabine + tenofovir disoproxil fumarate...232 233 EFV...231 232 ELISA...7 Elvitegravir + cobicistat + embricitabine + tenofovir + disoproxil fumarate...233 234 Emphysema...150 Emtricitabine...174, 235 Emtricitabine + tenofovir disoproxil fumarate...237 238 Emtriva...235 Encephalitis CMV...99 HSV...109 Toxoplasma gondii..... 73 74, 127 128 Endocrine complications...139 143 bone disease...142 143 disorders of adrenal function...139 140 hyperglycemia...141 142 hypoglycemia...142 hypogonadism...140 141 ovarian complications...142 pancreatitis...141 thyroid disease...141 End-stage renal disease (ESRD)...214 215 ENF...238 239 Enfuvirtide...238 239 Entecavir...239 240 Entry inhibitors...192 194, 277 Eosinophilia...137 Eosinophilic folliculitis...159 160 Epivir...245 246 Epzicom...219 220 Erythropoietin (EPO)...136, 138 Esophageal ulcers...144 145 Esophagitis Candida.......... 90 91 CMV...99 ETR...241 242 Etravirine...68, 241 242 ETV...239 240 Fat accumulation...39 First trimester ultrasound assessment...170 Fosamprenavir...69, 191, 242 243 Foscarnet...146 FPV...242 243 FTC...66 67, 235 Fungal infections...158 159 Fusion inhibitor...24 Fuzeon...238 239 Gastrointestinal (GI) intolerance...46 Gastrointestinal tract complications...143 145 anorexia...143 diarrhea...144 esophageal ulcers...144 145
HIV cholangiopathy...145 nausea/vomiting...143 144 Genital warts...157 Genotype testing...63 Genotypic resistance patterns...66 70 Gingivitis/periodontitis...151 Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF)...84 Guillain-Barré syndrome...153 Healthcare Personnel (HCP)...207 HEENT complications...150 151 Hematologic complications...135 137 anemia...135 136 eosinophilia...137 neutropenia...136 137 thrombocytopenia...135 Hepatic effects...46 47 Hepatic failure...215 Hepatic steatosis...169 Hepatitis hepatitis A virus (HAV)... 72/78, 82 hepatitis B virus (HBV)...72, 78 79, 100 102 hepatitis C virus (HCV)...102 103 renal disease...147 Hepatotoxicity...101, 105 Hepsera...221 Herpes simplex virus (HSV)...108 109 encephalitis...109 HHV-8 diseases...110 Histoplasma capsulatum........... 76, 110 111 Index 289 HIV infection acute...4 5 antiretroviral therapy, see Antiretroviral therapy baseline laboratory testing...12 13 clinical evaluation...12 diagnostic tests...7 9 approach to testing..10 home test kit...8 nucleic acid based tests...9 OraSure...8 p24 antigen...8 rapid HIV tests...8 Western blot...7 opportunistic infections prophylaxis of...72 82 treatment of...82 83 in pregnancy...171 195 evaluation of...162 fetal monitoring...172 screening test for...11 stages of...3 4 HIV RNA assays (HIV viral load)...9 assays and interpretation...11 and CD4 cell count...11 indications for testing...11 quantitative plasma...9 uses of...9 Holding regimens...58 Home access HIV-1 test system...8 Human papillomavirus (HPV) disease...78, 112 Hyperglycemia...141 142, 170 Hyperlipidemia...40, 142, 142 Hypersensitivity reaction (HSR)...47 48 Hypoglycemia...142 Hypogonadism...140 141 I50L...69 I50V...69 Ichthyosis...160 Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)...135 IDV...244 245 Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS)...59, 82, 117, 119, 138 Immunologic failure...56, 57, 59 Incivek...265 266 Indinavir...146, 188 190, 244 245 Injection drug users (IDUs)...148 Insomnia...156 Insulin resistance...38, 45, 141 Integrase inhibitors...26, 68 70, 194, 278 Intelence...241 242 International AIDS Society USA (IAS USA) drug resistance... 279 283 Invasive aspergillosis...83 84 Invirase...258 259 Isentress...253 254 Isospora belli infection...113 114 K65R...67 68 Kaletra...248 249 Kaposi s sarcoma...137 138 pulmonary...150
290 HIV Essentials L74V...68 Lactic acidosis...48 49 Lamivudine..171, 245 246 Lamivudine + zidovudine...247 LDT...267 Leishmaniasis cutaneous...114 visceral...114 115 Lexiva...242 243 Lipid abnormalities...40 41 Lipoatrophy...38, 49 treatment strategies for...38 Lipodystrophy...49 prevention of...39 syndrome...38 Lopinavir + ritonavir...248 249 LPV/r...238 239 Lumbar puncture (LP)...94, 131 Lymphocyte subset analysis...18 Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis (LIP)...149 150 Lymphoepithelial cysts...151 M184V...66 67 Malaria...80, 115 Mania...155 Maraviroc...193, 249 250 Marinol (Dronabinol)...143 Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR)...82 Megecetrol acetate liquid suspension...143 Meningitis, cryptococcal...94, 95 Microsporidiosis...116 117 Molluscum contagiosum...12, 121, 156 157 Multinucleoside resistance patterns...68 Musculoskeletal complications...151 152 MVC...193, 249 250 Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) disease...74, 81, 117 118 Mycobacterium tuberculosis........ 74, 81, 119 120 Myocardial infarction (MI)...43 Myopathy...152 Nausea/vomiting...46, 143 144 Nelfinavir...189 190, 250 251 Nephrolithiasis...146 Nephropathy...145 146 Nephrotoxicity...50, 146 Neurologic complications...152 155 Neuromuscular weakness syndrome...153 154 Neurosyphilis...129, 131 Neutropenia...136 137 Nevirapine...252 253 NFV...250 251 Non-Hodgkin s lymphoma (NHL)...138 Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs)...22, 28, 43 51, 56, 60, 68, 166, 167, 275 Nonoccupational postexposure prophylaxis (NPEP)...207 212 Norvir...256 258 Nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (NASBA)...11 Nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs)... 20 21, 25, 43 51, 58, 60, 66 68, 165 167, 274 275 myopathy...49, 152 NVP...252 253 Occupational post- exposure prophylaxis (PEP)...203 208 general recommendations for...205 risks of acquiring HIV by exposure act...203 204 Olysio...260 262 Oncologic complications...137 139 anal cancer...139 cervical cancer...139 Kaposi s sarcoma...137 138 non-hodgkin s lymphoma (NHL)...138 primary CNS lymphoma...138 139 Opportunistic infections prophylaxis of...72 82 treatment of...82 83 Oral hairy leukoplakia...150 Oral thrush...90 Oral ulcers, see Esophageal ulcers ulcers OraSure...8 Osteonecrosis...142 Osteopenia...50, 142 Osteoporosis..50, 142 143 Ovarian complications...142
Pancreatitis...46, 141 Parvovirus B19...136 Pegylated interferon...106 Penicilliosis...121 Penicillium marneffei........... 121 Pentamidine...146 Perianal warts...113 Pericarditis/pericardial effusion...148 Peripheral neuropathy...50 Phenosense GT...64 Phenotype testing...63 64 Plasmodium falciparum...115 Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP)...73, 122 124 Polyradiculitis, CMV...99 Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP),...203 208 nonoccupational (NPEP)...209 212 occupational, see Occupational postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) Prezista...185 186, 225 226 Primary CNS lymphoma...138 139 Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML)...124 125, 154 Protease inhibitors (PIs)... 22 24, 43 51, 56, 58, 60, 68 70, 171, 181, 276 277 Psoriasis...159 Psychiatric complications...155 156 Pulmonary complications...149 150 Pulmonary hypertension...149 Index 291 Pulmonary Kaposi s sarcoma...150 Pyomyositis...152 Q151M...68 Quantitative plasma HIV RNA...9 11 RAL...253 254 Raltegravir...253 256 Rapid HIV tests...8 Red blood cells (RBC)...135 136 Reiter s syndrome..151 152 Renal complications145 147 HIV-associated nephropathy...145 146 HCV-associated renal disease...147 medication-related renal disease...146 147 Rescriptor...227 228 Resistance testing approach to...64, 66 clinical setting...65 co-receptor tropism assay...64 genotype vs. phenotype...63 64 indications for...64, 65 principles of...61 62 types of...62 64 Respiratory diseases, bacterial...84 86 Reticulocyte count.135 136 Retinitis, CMV...97 99 Retrovir...271 Reyataz...222 223 Rhabdomyolysis...152 Ribavirin...106 Rilpivirine...255 256 Ritonavir...256 258 Ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitors...25 RPV...255 256 RTV...256 258 Salivary gland enlargement...150 151 Salmonellosis...125 126 Saquinavir...187, 258 259 Seborrheic dermatitis...159 Second trimester ultrasound assessment...170 Selzentry...193, 249 250 Shigellosis...127 Simeprevir...106 107, 260 262 Sofosbuvir...107, 262 264 Sovaldi...262 264 SQV...258 259 Staphylococcal infections...157 158 Stavudine...177, 264 Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS)...47, 51 Streptococcus pneumoniae......... 75 Stribild...233 234 Subacute/chronic diarrhea...144 Sustiva..179 180, 231 232 Syphilis...129 131 T69ins...68 TDF...268 269 Telaprevir...265 266 Telbivudine...267 Tenofovir...67 68, 146 Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate...175 176, 268 269 Thrombocytopenia...135
292 HIV Essentials Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)...135 Thymidine-associated mutations (TAMs)...67 Thyroid disease...141 Tipranavir...192, 269 270 Tivicay...229 231 Toxic epidermal necrosis (TEN)...51 Toxoplasma gondii encephalitis...73 74, 127 128 Toxoplasmosis...81 TPV...269 270 Travel vaccines...82 Treponema pallidum.............. 129 131 Tricuspid valve endocarditis...148 149 Trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX)...147 Trizivir...220 Truvada...237 238 Trypanosomiasis, American...91 Tuberculosis (TB), see Mycobacterium tuberculosis Tyzeka...267 Uni-Gold test...8 Urolithiasis...50 Varicella zoster virus (VZV)...72, 77 78, 82, 132 133, 156 vaccine...13, 72, 82 Victrelis...224 225 Videx...176, 228 229 Viracept...189 190, 250 251 Viral infections...156 Viral transmission...3 Viramune...252 253 VircoType HIV...64 Viread...175, 268 269 Virologic failure...56 59 antiretroviral regimens after...58 59 approach to patients with...70 Visceral leishmaniasis...114 115 Warts...112, 113, 157 Western blot...7 Xerosis...160 ZDV...67, 172, 203, 271 Zerit...177, 264 Ziagen...218 Zidovudine...174, 271