Chapter 16 Muscular Nomenclature and Kinesiology - Two Lessons 5-6 Muscles of Lesson Five Iliopsoas (psoas major, iliacus) Hip outward rotators (piriformis, gemellus superior, gemellus inferior, obturator internus, obturator externus) Gluteals (gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, gluteus minimus) 1 2 Muscles of Lesson Five, cont. Tensor fascia lata Quadratus femoris (rectus femoris, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis) Sartorius Hamstrings (semimembranosus, semitendinosus, biceps femoris) Adductors (gracilis, adductor magnus, adductor longus, adductor brevis, pectineus) Popliteus Psoas major Psoas minor Iliacus Iliopsoas 3 4 Psoas Major Iliacus O: transverse processes of T12- L5, vertebral bodies of T12-L5, intervertebral disks of lumbar vertebrae O: iliac fossa, anterior inferior iliac spine I: lesser trochanter I: lesser trochanter 5 6 1
Piriformis Gemellus Superior and Inferior Obturator Internus and Externus Hip Outward Rotators O: anterior sacrum I: greater trochanter Piriformis Quadratus Femoris 7 8 Gemellus Superior & Inferior Obturator Internus & Externus O: ischial spine (gemellus superior), superior ischial tuberosity (gemellus inferior) O: obturator membrane (internus, externus), obturator margin (internus), superior and inferior pubic ramus, and ischial ramus (externus) 9 10 Quadratus Femoris Gluteals O: lateral ischial tuberosity Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimus 11 12 2
Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius O: posterior sacrum, posterior coccyx, posterior iliac crest, external ilium posterior to the posterior gluteal line O: external ilium between the anterior and posterior gluteal lines I: gluteal tuberosity (25%), iliotibial band (75%) 13 14 Gluteus Minimus Tensor Fascia Lata O: external ilium between the anterior and inferior gluteal lines O: anterior iliac crest, anterior superior iliac spine I: iliotibial band 15 16 Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Rectus Femoris O: anterior inferior iliac spine, external ilium just superior to the acetabulum Vastus Intermedius I: tibial tuberosity Vastus Medialis Vastus Lateralis 17 18 3
Vastus Intermedius Vastus Medialis O: anterior lateral femoral shaft O: linea aspera (medial lip) I: tibial tuberosity I: tibial tuberosity 19 20 Vastus Lateralis Sartorius O: linea aspera (lateral lip), gluteal tuberosity O: anterior superior iliac spine I: tibial tuberosity I: medial proximal tibial shaft (at pes anserinus) 21 22 Hamstrings Semimembranosus Biceps Femoris O: ischial tuberosity Semimembranosus I: medial condyle of tibia (posterior surface) Semitendinosus 23 24 4
Semitendinosus Biceps Femoris O: ischial tuberosity I: medial proximal tibial shaft (at the pes anserinus) O: ischial tuberosity (long head), linea aspera; lower lateral lip (short head) I: fibular head 25 26 Adductors Gracilis Gracilis O: inferior pubic ramus Adductor Magnus Adductor Longus I: medial proximal tibial shaft (at the pes anserinus) Adductor brevis Pectineus 27 28 Adductor Magnus Adductor Longus O: ischial tuberosity, inferior pubic ramus, ischial ramus O: anterior pubic body I: linea aspera, adductor tubercle of femur I: middle third of the linea aspera (medial lip) 29 30 5
Adductor Brevis Pectineus O: inferior pubic ramus O: superior pubic ramus I: proximal third of the linea aspera (medial lip) I: linea aspera; medial lip (inferior to the lesser trochanter) 31 32 Pes Anserinus Popliteus Sartorius O: lateral condyle of the femur Gracilis I: posterior proximal tibial shaft Semitendinosus 33 34 Knee Movement Knee Movement Attachment sites for muscles of hip and knee movement Attachment sites for muscles of hip and knee movement Anterior view Posterior view 35 36 6
Muscles of Lesson Six Tibialis anterior Extensor digitorum longus and brevis Extensor hallucis longus Fibularis longus Fibularis brevis Gastrocnemius Plantaris Soleus Tibialis posterior Flexor digitorum longus Flexor hallucis longus Tibialis Anterior O: proximal half of the lateral tibial shaft, interosseous membrane I: metatarsal I, cuneiform I (plantar surface) 37 38 Extensor Digitorum Longus/Brevis O: inferior fibular head, proximal two-thirds of fibular shaft, interosseus membrane, lateral condyle of the tibia (longus), calcaneus (brevis) Extensor Hallucis Longus O: anterior fibular shaft (middle region), interosseous membrane I: distal phalanx of the great toe I: middle and distal phalanges of toes 2-5 (longus), tendons of extensor digitorum longus to toes 2-4 (brevis) 39 40 Fibularis Longus Fibularis Brevis O: fibular head, lateral proximal half of the fibular shaft O: lateral distal half of the fibular shaft I: metatarsal I, cuneiform I (plantar surface) I: metatarsal V 41 42 7
Triceps Surae Gastrocnemius Gastrocnemius O: medial epicondyle of the femur, lateral epicondyle of the femur Soleus I: calcaneus via the Achilles tendon 43 44 Plantaris Soleus O: lateral epicondyle of the femur O: superior posterior third of the fibular shaft, soleal line of the tibia I: calcaneus via the Achilles tendon I: calcaneus via the Achilles tendon 45 46 Tibialis Posterior Flexor Digitorum Longus O: posterior tibial shaft, posterior fibular shaft, interosseous membrane O: posterior tibial shaft middle region I: tuberosity of navicular bone (plantar surface), cuneiform I, II and III, cuboid, calcaneus, navicular, and bases of metatarsals II, III, and IV I: distal phalanges 2-5 (plantar surface) 47 48 8
Flexor Hallucis Longus Foot Movement O: posterior fibular shaft middle region, interosseus membrane Attachment sites for muscles of ankle and foot movement I: distal phalanx of big toe (plantar surface) Anterior view 49 50 Foot Movement Attachment sites for muscles of ankle and foot movement Posterior view 51 9