Performance Analysis (PA) and Performance Development Programme (PDP): Football AS and A Level Physical Education Pearson Edexcel Level 3 Advanced GCE in Physical Education (9PE0) Pearson Edexcel Level 3 Advanced Subsidiary GCE in Physical Education (9PE0)
AS and A Level Physical Education 2016 Performance Analysis Football Physiological component Introduction I am a midfield player like all footballers a wide range of components of fitness are required for top performance. Muscular endurance: the ability of a muscle to resist fatigue while exerting a force, performing repeated muscular action over an extended period necessary in football because you must be able to perform to the best of your ability for the full 90 minutes and in some cases 120 minutes. Cardiovascular endurance: the ability of the heart, blood and blood vessels to work collectively to perform their function of fulfilling the needs of the cells in the body, by delivering oxygen and removing waste necessary in football because you must be able to perform for the full 90 minutes and in some cases 120 minutes without the build-up of lactic acid. Aerobic endurance: the ability of the aerobic energy pathway to meet the demands of an activity necessary in football because you must be able to perform to the best of your ability for the full 90 minutes. Dynamic strength: the ability to exert significant muscular force repeatedly. This is used when taking multiple goal kicks as a goalkeeper or when making several long passes as a centre midfielder. Static strength: the ability to exert a sustained force without significant movement needed when shielding the ball from opposition when in midfield. Co-ordination: the ability to link movements together, either with other movements or in relation to an external object such as a football important as you need to make good contact when kicking the ball, especially when shooting. Balance: a measure of the ability to control the position of the body important as you need balance to control yourself when shooting. Agility: the ability to change position quickly whilst maintaining your centre of balance important for football players as they need to be able to dribble past multiple defenders in order to create a goal. Power: the ability to exert a force quickly, calculated as strength multiplied by speed important as it is required when jumping up to head the ball. The more power you have, the higher you can jump and the more effective you will be at winning headers. 1
Speed: how fast you can cover a certain distance important as speed will help you to get to a loose ball first or help you to accelerate away from a defender in order to create a chance to score. For my position I think the most important components are: speed, aerobic endurance and power. Speed Type of test My score Normative data comparison 30 metre sprint 4.71 seconds POOR: > 4.6 seconds [Source: Topend Sports] According to the normative data comparison my result was poor meaning this is something I need to work on, especially in pre-season training. I sometimes play wide, so speed to get past defenders in a 1 v 1 situation can be important. Reliability I think the test was reliable because I tried to make sure things were done properly. I warmed up, and took the test on a flat, dry surface outside when it was not windy. The time keepers knew what they were doing to give me an accurate time. Validity Accelerating from a stationary position is linked to football as I might be defending one moment and then trying to support my team in a counter attack. Aerobic endurance Type of test My score Normative data comparison Yo Yo Intermittent Recovery Test 1300 metres AVERAGE: 1000 1520 metres [Source: Topend Sports] The data suggests an above average outcome meaning that improvements are still needed in order that I cover more ground over 90 minutes but perhaps not so much improvement is required as for my speed. Reliability I undertook the test on an easily measurable space (grids) and told the time keeper what to do to keep the time properly. It was not windy and I warmed up before running. 2
Validity In my position you have to do a lot of running to link defence and attack. Like other players, those playing in midfield do a variety of running at different speeds and distances with opportunities to recover at dead ball situations or when the ball goes out of play. This test seeks to replicate aspects of this. Power Type of test My score Normative data comparison Standing broad jump 2.03 metres BELOW AVERAGE: 2:15 1.98 metres [Source: Topend Sports] Comparing my result with normative data indicates my score as below average meaning that improvements are needed in order to enable me to be more successful in contact situations, such as competing for a header or in a tackle. Reliability I undertook the test indoors on a non-slippery surface. People measuring knew what they were doing and I took the test three times to record the best score. Regular testing would enable my technique to improve, which might not be linked just to power. Validity In my position there are times when power is important; this test gives an indication of power and is a recognised test used by many people, including professional clubs. Future priorities I will need to add speed and power training so that I can compete at a higher standard. I will design an effective training programme that I can use to develop and increase performance levels in a safe and efficient way. Speed training will include acceleration sprints, interval training and resistance training in the gym. Improving power (speed x strength) will be achieved by including resistance training and plyometrics. Bibliography http://www.menshealth.co.uk/fitness/sports-training/train-like-a-pro-footballer- 517079 http://www.brianmac.co.uk/stndjump.htm 3
http://performance.fourfourtwo.com/fitness http://www.brianmac.co.uk/30accel.htm Edexcel AS PE textbook Performance analysis: tactical Overlapping run An overlapping run occurs when a player (most frequently a defender operating in the full back position) follows their pass and runs around the winger, to create an extra man. The winger in possession of the ball now has two options, they can take on their marker themselves or they can play the ball to the overlapping defender. [Source: http://www.sportplan.net/drills/football/sessionplans/introducing-the-overlap-overlapping- Attack-9993827.jsp] 4 can also choose to use 5 s run as a decoy to give him space to cut inside and shoot. This option is more likely to happen if 6 is drawn to the runner (5) and leaves enough space for 4 to cut inside and shoot. 4 can choose to pass the ball to 5 where he can get into a good position to deliver a cross and allow 5 to have more time on the ball to get a good cross. This is more likely to happen if 6 is drawn infield to try and stop 4 from shooting. 5 is the right back. 4 is the right midfielder. 6 is the defender. When 4 receives the ball, 5 runs around the outside of him. This gives 4 an option to play the ball to him so that he can cross it, or, use him as a dummy and cut inside to shoot. Strengths It is a good tactic to use to try and get around the defence and to get a cross in. It is a good way to get a player in behind the opposition defence. 4
It is hard to mark and opposition wingers may not track the run of the full back, meaning that you can create a 2 v 1 scenario. Weaknesses If you lose possession the full back is out of position. The defender can occupy space that the winger might wish to exploit Adapting to changing circumstances in a game If the winger receives the ball close to the touchline, the full back can run beyond the winger on the inside, thereby creating an underlapping situation to create the extra player. Teams who operate with players in wide areas often encourage full backs to underlap. In the image below the Aston Villa full back is about to underlap the winger to receive a pass in an advanced area. Full backs providing crosses from an overlap situation. Isaac Plummer playing for Stonham Aspal v Trimley Glen Johnson playing for Stoke City v Burnley Number of overlaps Number of overlaps leading to a cross Successful crosses (ball beats first defender and can be attacked by attacking player) 5 Unsuccessful crosses (ball goes out of play, does not beat first defender or is claimed by goalkeeper) Goals scored from crosses from an overlapping defender 7 5 1 4 0 11 8 6 2 1
Compared to someone like Glen Johnson and Stoke City, my team also used the same tactic to open up defences. However, elite teams like Stoke City do this a lot more. They have better cardiovascular endurance than players in local football and can overlap multiple times for 90 minutes. Stoke City are also tactically better than us and if Glen Johnson pushes forward then someone like Glen Whelan (who plays in a defensive midfield position) will naturally slot into the right back position to cover him. The table above gives an indication of the potential benefits of the tactic. Elite level full backs often provide width and crossing options. The number of runs made at elite level and their success rate is much higher than at local level. Fitness requirements To be able to perform the overlap continuously for 90 minutes you have to have really good cardiovascular endurance. Glen Johnson says being fit is being able to make a sprint back from the opposition goal-line to your position in the 85th minute and not feel it. Having good cardiovascular fitness is vital for a full back as they are required to do lots of unselfish running in order to make space for their team mates. Skill requirements To be able to perform the overlap you need good levels of speed. This is important because the modern-day game is very quick and you need the speed to get into an overlap position before the winger is tackled. You must also have good recovery speed as the full back will be out of position if the ball is lost. They need to be able to catch up and stop the opposition from counter attacking. Full backs need good co-ordination, especially foot ball co-ordination as, when in a position to cross, you need to strike the ball cleanly in order to deliver a good cross. Balance is also important as this can determine the accuracy of the cross. If you are off balance, then your body will be in the incorrect position and you will lose possession. Bibliography http://www.sportplan.net/drills/football/sessionplans/introducing-the-overlap- Overlapping-Attack-9993827.jsp http://performance.fourfourtwo.com/tactics http://performance.fourfourtwo.com/pro-tips http://www.talkfootball.co.uk/guides/football tactics.html 6
Performance Development Programme Football Improving power Introduction My performance development plan is focused on improving power, which was identified as a weakness in my Performance Analysis. Improved power will allow me to jump higher in aerial battles, increase my passing distance and increase my shot power. In addition to the outcomes of the testing, my coach (Adam Chittock, Occold FC) also believes this aspect of my performance needs developing: Although you have stepped up well to men s football, developing strength and power are areas for development. By doing so you will be able to compete with opponents who presently are more powerful than you. Furthermore, the FA journal, Medical and Exercise Science Department, argues that most defining moments are based on a player s execution of a powerful movement. SMARTER targets I intend to plan my training using the principles of SMARTER targets. Specificity: designing your training to suit a certain aspect of your sport. I will train to maximise developing power by undertaking weight training and plyometrics. Measurable: designing your training programme so that you can collect, present and analyse the effects that your training sessions are having. Achievable: designing your training programme so that you can actually achieve what you set out to do. Realistic: designing your training programme so that you can achieve the intended results. They need to be demanding but within reach. Time bound: designing your training programme so that you can achieve what you set out to do, within the time you have. Exciting: designing your training programme so that it does not become tedious and boring. Recorded: designing your training programme so that you can collect your results in order to see your progression. 7
Planned methods of training main exercises I aim to use weight training and plyometrics. As someone with limited background in these methods, I will use a range of standard body weight exercises for some circuit training as initial conditioning and preparation for three weeks before moving onto more demanding training with the exercises below to target power development. Standard exercises will include: upper body: dips off a bench, press ups, bicep curls and military press abdominals: abdominal curls legs: squat jumps, astride jumps on standard bench. Squat jumps Starting in a standing position, you slowly lower into the squat position making sure that your knees are bent at 90 degrees. Then jump as high and as powerfully as you can. Box jumps I started with 2 x 30 cms box to jump onto up and off and then up again. 8
Split squats Using dumb bells to add resistance, perform explosive jumps with one leg forward and one back. On the descent reverse direction, standing back up and jumping, reversing the position of your legs. Upright row Pull your hands directly up (close to your torso) until your elbows and forearms are parallel to the ground. Then perform a controlled lowering to straight arm position. Plyometric push ups (push up to clap) From standard press up position, push up and away from the floor with explosive movement aiming to clap hands before resuming the normal position to cushion landing. 9
Upper body throw downs Place a weighted/medicine ball behind the head and as explosively as possible throw the ball down towards the floor/wall. Principles of fitness Progressive overload This is the principle of gradually increasing your workload so that your body has to physiologically adapt to cope with the excess difficulty. F.I.T.T. principle This acronym stands for Frequency, Intensity, Time and Type: frequency: this refers to how often you will exercise intensity: defined as the amount of effort or work that must be completed in a specific exercise time: how long each individual session should last; this will vary based on the intensity and type type: this is related to the type of training session that you will complete; for instance, in my development plan, I have focused my type of training on weight training and plyometric training. Specificity Specificity is basically matching training sessions to the area that you want to improve in. For instance, in my development plan, I have based my training on increasing strength and power by using weight training and plyometric exercises. Rest and recovery This principle is basically making sure that you incorporate periods of rest and recovery into your training schedule. This is important to prevent injury and ultimately the principle of reversibility. In my plan, I had to be careful as I play Saturday and Sunday so it is important that I get a sufficient rest period on Monday. Also I would rest on Friday as I want to be at my optimum for matches at the weekend. This gives me Tuesday and Thursday as my main training days. 10
Warming up I will undertake a warm up before training. This is to reduce the risk of getting an injury and to prepare physically and mentally for a demanding training session. This will include pulse-raising activities and whole body activities. McNair (2000) and Knudson (2001) suggest that the use of dynamic stretches slow controlled movements through the full range of motion are also important for an effective warm up. Cool down I will undertake a cool down, including longer stretches when muscles are warm to ensure recovery ahead of the next session or for a match. My cool down should help to prevent delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) and remove waste products such as lactic acid. Testing Power is strength x speed and therefore suitable tests to assess progress are important. I will be using the standing broad jump for leg power and the seated medicine ball throw for the upper body. I realise that my upper body power is limited and know that in contact situations I really do struggle, and for that reason I will also include a strength endurance test which has normative data for 17 19 year olds, which I could not find for a pure power test. Test Standing broad jump Seated 1kg medicine ball throw Press up test Development plan test results Fitness component Base line Power 2.03 metres Power 7.75 metres Strength endurance Midpoint tests 2.09 metres 8.01 metres End point tests 2.17 metres 8.14 metres Percentage increase Rating of final test score 6.8% Above average 5.1% N/A 14 18 25 64% Average The table shows an increase across the eight weeks of training. Review and evaluation Overall, my development plan has been relatively successful. With no experience of strength training, weight training or plyometrics, I had to ease myself into it. This means that I was only expecting to achieve slight improvements. This is what I found. The reason for the success is due to the dedication that I have put into my 11
training. Although my sessions were regular, involving similar activities each week, I managed to make them enjoyable by training with others. This added a competitive edge to the sessions as we would always try to push ourselves more. This for me was one of the critical factors that made my training successful. The test results for power helped prove this as I have increased in both areas: by 6.8 per cent and 5.1 per cent respectively. I have also gained 1.2 kg in weight since the start of the development plan, going from 59.7 kg to 61.9 kg. Although once again this is only a slight change, if I were to continue then my results would certainly get better. My press up score improved dramatically, perhaps because this was the first time I had undertaken this type of training before and the potential for improving the press ups was greater. This would also then have a direct effect on performance and although it has been a gradual improvement, making it hard to spot, I believe it has had a positive effect on performance. I feel as if I can hold off players better, compete for headers with more confidence, hit longer passes and shoot harder. Furthermore, I ve developed more confidence in my power, meaning that I am more confident at winning 50/50 tackles. This is supported by my manager Adam Chittock (FA Level 1 Coach): Isaac has come on in leaps and bounds since the start of his PDP and I have seen differences in the way he plays. Isaac is now much braver going into tackles and is winning headers which he did not do previously; this has allowed him to cement a place in the first team. If I were to undertake my development plan again I would keep it relatively similar. However, there would definitely be areas that I would look to adapt to improve it further. I would have more structured training sessions on Tuesday and Thursday with access to a gym so that I could do a greater range of exercises. I would also then try and vary my sessions to keep it fun. This would also keep me more motivated during the sessions. I would also try and utilise protein shakes and sports drinks more. For instance, I did not use protein shakes but if I had, it may have allowed me to recover faster after training and encouraged muscle growth. Overall, this would have made my training more effective and added to my results. To extend my training I would keep to the same format as it has been effective and I would continue to increase the work load every two weeks. This would allow me to keep progressing on what I am doing. However, I would change some of my sessions as I don t want to overlook other aspects of fitness. For instance, I might look to incorporate some sort of yoga or Pilates after sessions or performances. In other testing my flexibility scored as poor compared to the national average, so it s something that could be improved. My current training programme does not focus on flexibility and therefore it is overlooked. Also doing yoga will help to improve my core strength and aid the development of other muscles and ultimately improve performance. What I ve learnt by completing my development plan: I have learnt and developed my technique at using free weights in a safe and effective way. I have learnt the importance of refuelling and recovering properly after performance and training sessions. I have learnt the importance of warm ups and have experimented with different types and durations. I have learnt the importance of power at local and elite level football. 12
Word count, excluding tables, quotes, training sessions and bibliography = 1759 words Bibliography http://www.brianmac.co.uk/warmup.htm Brian mac http://www.brianmac.co.uk/drinks.htm Edexcel A2 PE Textbook Mike Hill Exercise and muscle strength Advanced PE for Edexcel page 174 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/sms.12236/full http://williamssport.com/lorem-ipsum-dolor/ http://www.brianmac.co.uk/eval.htm http://www.brianmac.co.uk/index.htm http://www.brianmac.co.uk/index.htm http://www.brianmac.co.uk/plan.htm http://www.fourfourtwo.com/performance/training/gym-tom cleverley#:kwh0gmsmyugjta http://www.lucozadeshop.com/about.html http://www.menshealth.co.uk/fitness/sports-training/train-like-a-pro-footballer- 517079 http://www.menshealth.co.uk/food-nutrition/muscle-foods/five-targeted-proteinshakes?click=main_sr http://www.njcrushfc.com/default.aspx?tabid=283989 http://www.optasports.com/ http://www.teachpe.com/fitness/testing.php Insight Coaches Association Journal Spring 2003 The FA Coaches Association Journal Insight Autumn/Winter 2006 The FA Journal Medical and Exercise Science Department http://bodybuilding-wizard.com/dumbbell-upright-row/#prettyphoto<text> 13
Appendices Centre number Candidate number Centre name Candidate name Chosen physical activity Football Role Please circle Player/performer Coach Component of physical activity Please circle Aim(s) of session Physiological Technical Tactical Preparation session ahead of weight training and plyometrics to start week 3 Date, time and location of session Week 1 / 1 Tuesday Fitness suite Start time 11.30 Finish time 12.30 Context of session (individual/group/team) A Level group training Description of training session to include: drills (including progressions), conditioned practices/games; specific exercises; method/intensity/recovery Body weight circuit: bench dips, sit ups, squat jumps, press ups, astride jumps 10 reps of each 20 seconds between sets x 5 with one minute between circuits Borg rating: 12 14
Centre number Candidate number Centre name Candidate name Chosen physical activity Football Role Please circle Player/performer Coach Component of physical activity Please circle Aim(s) of session Physiological Technical Tactical Second preparation session same level of demand as session 1 Date, time and location of session Week 1 / 2 - Thursday Fitness suite Start time 9.30 Finish time 10.30 Context of session (individual/group/team) A Level group training Description of training session to include: drills (including progressions), conditioned practices/games; specific exercises; method/intensity/recovery Body weight circuit: bench dips, sit ups, squat jumps, press ups, astride jumps 10 reps of each 20 seconds between sets x 5 with one minute between circuits Borg rating: 13 15
Centre number Candidate number Centre name Candidate name Chosen physical activity Football Role Please circle Player/performer Coach Component of physical activity Please circle Aim(s) of session Physiological Technical Tactical Week two of preparing for more demanding weights and plyometrics with additional two exercises Date, time and location of session Week 2 / 1 Tuesday Fitness suite Start time 11.30 Finish time 12.30 Context of session (individual/group/team) A Level group training Description of training session to include: drills (including progressions), conditioned practices/games; specific exercises; method/intensity/recovery Body weight circuit: bench dips, sit ups, squat jumps, press ups, astride jumps, bicep curls with 5k, double footed bench jumps 10 reps of each 20 seconds between sets x 5 with one minute between circuits Borg rating: 14 16
Centre number Candidate number Centre name Candidate name Chosen physical activity Football Role Please circle Player/performer Coach Component of physical activity Please circle Aim(s) of session Physiological Technical Tactical Final preparatory / transition session before starting weights and plyometrics Date, time and location of session Week 2 / 2 Thursday Fitness suite Start time 9.30 Finish time 10.30 Context of session (individual/group/team) A Level group training Description of training session to include: drills (including progressions), conditioned practices/games; specific exercises; method/intensity/recovery Body weight circuit: bench dips, sit ups, squat jumps, press ups, astride jumps, bicep curls with 5k, double footed bench jumps 10 reps of each 20 seconds between sets x 5 with one minute between circuits Borg rating: 14 17
Centre number Candidate number Centre name Candidate name Chosen physical activity Football Role Please circle Player/performer Coach Component of physical activity Please circle Physiological Technical Tactical Aim(s) of session Getting started with weights and plyometrics session 1 Date, time and location of session Week 3 / 1 Tuesday Fitness suite Start time 11.30 Finish time 12.30 Context of session A Level group training (individual/group/team) Description of training session to include: drills (including progressions), conditioned practices/games; specific exercises; method/intensity/recovery Push up to clap x 5 x 2 Squat jumps (holding 5k in each hand) x 5 x 2 Throw downs (using basketball) x 10 x 2 Split squats x 8 x 2 Upright row (6k dumb bells) x 10 x 2 Box jumps 3 box sequence x 2 x 2 Borg rating: 15 18
Centre number Candidate number Centre name Candidate name Chosen physical activity Football Role Please circle Player/performer Coach Component of physical activity Please circle Physiological Technical Tactical Aim(s) of session Getting started with weights and plyometrics session 1 Date, time and location of session Week 3 / 2 Thursday Fitness suite Start time 9.30 Finish time 10.30 Context of session A Level group training (individual/group/team) Description of training session to include: drills (including progressions), conditioned practices/games; specific exercises; method/intensity/recovery Push up to clap x 5 x 2 Squat jumps (holding 5k in each hand) x 5 x 2 Throw downs (using basketball) x 10 x 2 Split squats x 8 x 2 Upright row (6k dumb bells) x 10 x 2 Box jumps 3 box sequence x 2 x 2 Borg rating: 15 19
Centre number Candidate number Centre name Candidate name Chosen physical activity Football Role Please circle Player/performer Coach Component of physical activity Please circle Aim(s) of session Physiological Technical Tactical Weights and plyometrics with increased load on highlighted exercises Date, time and location of session Week 4 / 1 Tuesday Fitness suite Start time 11.30 Finish time 12.30 Context of session A Level group training (individual/group/team) Description of training session to include: drills (including progressions), conditioned practices/games; specific exercises; method/intensity/recovery Push up to clap x 6 x 2 Squat jumps (holding 5k in each hand) x 8 x 2 Throw downs (using basketball) x 10 x 2 Split squats x 10 x 2 Upright row (6k dumb bells) x 10 x 2 Box jumps 3 box sequence x 2 x 2 Cool down including gently walking/jogging and primarily static stretching Borg rating: 15 20
Centre number Candidate number Centre name Candidate name Chosen physical activity Football Role Please circle Player/performer Coach Component of physical activity Please circle Aim(s) of session Physiological Technical Tactical Weights and plyometrics with training demands the same as Tuesday Date, time and location of session Week 4 / 2 Thursday Fitness suite Start time 9.30 Finish time 10.30 Context of session A Level group training (individual/group/team) Description of training session to include: drills (including progressions), conditioned practices/games; specific exercises; method/intensity/recovery Push up to clap x 6 x 2 Squat jumps (holding 5k in each hand) x 8 x 2 Throw downs (using basketball) x 10 x 2 Split squats x 10 x 2 Upright row (6k dumb bells) x 10 x 2 Box jumps 3 box sequence x 2 x 2 Cool down including gently walking/jogging and primarily static stretching Borg rating: 15 21
Centre number Candidate number Centre name Candidate name Chosen physical activity Football Role Please circle Player/performer Coach Component of physical activity Please circle Aim(s) of session Physiological Technical Tactical Weights and plyometrics with training demands increased on the highlighted exercises Date, time and location of session Week 5 / 1 Thursday Fitness suite Start time 11.30 Finish time 12.30 Context of session A Level group training (individual/group/team) Description of training session to include: drills (including progressions), conditioned practices/games; specific exercises; method/intensity/recovery Thorough warm up including running, jumping, striding, skipping, active stretching etc. Push up to clap x 6 x 3 Squat jumps (holding 5k in each hand) x 8 x 3 Throw downs (using basketball) x 10 x 3 Split squats x 10 x 3 Upright row (6k dumb bells) x 10 x 3 Box jumps 3 box sequence x 2 x 3 Borg rating: 18 22
Centre number Candidate number Centre name Candidate name Chosen physical activity Football Role Please circle Player/performer Coach Component of physical activity Please circle Aim(s) of session Physiological Technical Tactical Weights and plyometrics with training demands the same as Tuesday Date, time and location of session Week 5 / 2 Tuesday Fitness suite Start time 9.30 Finish time 10.30 Context of session A Level group training (individual/group/team) Description of training session to include: drills (including progressions), conditioned practices/games; specific exercises; method/intensity/recovery Push up to clap x 6 x 3 Squat jumps (holding 5k in each hand) x 8 x 3 Throw downs (using basketball) x 10 x 3 Split squats x 10 x 3 Upright row (6k dumb bells) x 10 x 3 Box jumps 3 box sequence x 2 x 3 Borg: 18 23
Centre number Candidate number Centre name Candidate name Chosen physical activity Football Role Please circle Player/performer Coach Component of physical activity Please circle Aim(s) of session Physiological Technical Tactical Weights and plyometrics with training demands increased on the highlighted exercises; aiming to advance the demand on one upper body and one leg exercise Date, time and location of session Week 6 / 1 Thursday Fitness suite Start time 11.30 Finish time 12.30 Context of session A Level group training (individual/group/team) Description of training session to include: drills (including progressions), conditioned practices/games; specific exercises; method/intensity/recovery Push up to clap x 8 x 3 Squat jumps (holding 5k in each hand) x 8 x 3 Throw downs (using basketball) x 10 x 3 Split squats x 10 x 3 Upright row (6k dumb bells) x 10 x 3 Box jumps 3 box sequence x 3 x 3 Borg: 17 24
Centre number Candidate number Centre name Candidate name Chosen physical activity Football Role Please circle Player/performer Coach Component of physical activity Please circle Aim(s) of session Physiological Technical Tactical Weights and plyometrics with training demands the same as Tuesday NB planned session abandoned after the throw downs (sore quadriceps muscle) ahead of a match on Saturday Date, time and location of session Week 6 / 2 Tuesday Fitness suite Start time 9.30 Finish time 10.30 Context of session A Level group training (individual/group/team) Description of training session to include: drills (including progressions), conditioned practices/games; specific exercises; method/intensity/recovery Push up to clap x 8 x 3 Squat jumps (holding 5k in each hand) x 8 x 3 Throw downs (using basketball) x 10 x 3 Split squats x 10 x 3 Upright row (6k dumb bells) x 10 x 3 Box jumps 3 box sequence x 2 x 3 Borg: 18 25
Centre number Candidate number Centre name Candidate name Chosen physical activity Football Role Please circle Player/performer Coach Component of physical activity Please circle Aim(s) of session Physiological Technical Tactical Complete session based on previous Tuesday, following a slight reaction on Thursday Date, time and location of session Week 7 / 1 Thursday Fitness suite Start time 11.30 Finish time 12.30 Context of session A Level group training (individual/group/team) Description of training session to include: drills (including progressions), conditioned practices/games; specific exercises; method/intensity/recovery Push up to clap x 8 x 3 Squat jumps (holding 5k in each hand) x 8 x 3 Throw downs (using basketball) x 10 x 3 Split squats x 10 x 3 Upright row (6k dumb bells) x 10 x 3 Box jumps 3 box sequence x 3 x 3 Borg: 18 26
Centre number Candidate number Centre name Candidate name Chosen physical activity Football Role Please circle Player/performer Coach Component of physical activity Please circle Aim(s) of session Physiological Technical Tactical Weights and plyometrics with training demands the same as Tuesday Date, time and location of session Week 7 / 2 Tuesday Fitness suite Start time 9.30 Finish time 10.30 Context of session A Level group training (individual/group/team) Description of training session to include: drills (including progressions), conditioned practices/games; specific exercises; method/intensity/recovery Push up to clap x 8 x 3 Squat jumps (holding 5k in each hand) x 8 x 3 Throw downs (using basketball) x 10 x 3 Split squats x 10 x 3 Upright row (6k dumb bells) x 10 x 3 Box jumps 3 box sequence x 2 x 3 Borg: 16 27
Centre number Candidate number Centre name Candidate name Chosen physical activity Football Role Please circle Player/performer Coach Component of physical activity Please circle Aim(s) of session Physiological Technical Tactical Weights and plyometrics with training demands increased for one upper body and leg exercise Date, time and location of session Week 8 / 1 Tuesday Fitness suite Start time 11.30 Finish time 12.30 Context of session A Level group training (individual/group/team) Description of training session to include: drills (including progressions), conditioned practices/games; specific exercises; method/intensity/recovery Push up to clap x 8 x 3 Squat jumps (holding 7k in each hand) x 6 x 3 Throw downs (using basketball) x 10 x 3 Split squats x 10 x 3 Upright row (7k dumb bells) x 8 x 3 Box jumps 3 box sequence x 2 x 3 Borg: 17 28
Performance Analysis and Performance Development Programme Commentary for Football Performance Analysis Physiological The candidate outlines a range of components related to football, explains the terms and justifies their relevance to the identified sport. This opening section concludes with the candidate identifying the three most important; these are all acceptable options. However, the candidate has used up vital words in considering a large number of components rather than focusing on the three most important as required in the specification. Suitable fitness tests are identified and undertaken with a reference to normative tables. These tests are largely justified based on reliability and validity, but inclusion of the complete normative data tables would have allowed the candidate to consider target scores for future development: a missed opportunity. The test outcomes are linked to the tables and also, to some extent, to the potential impact on performance. However, the candidate should have explored the implications of the outcome of the tests in more depth. Future priorities for training are correctly identified but this aspect of the work needed more detail. Overall the candidate has offered a piece of work which demonstrates a good level of understanding. More marks would have been achieved had the candidate: justified in more depth the three most important components of fitness; perhaps by referring to one of the many scientific studies on fitness in football included the normative tables in full thereby offering an opportunity to target future areas of improvement by referencing objective data added another layer of depth around the interpretation of the test results in order to give more information to future priorities for training referenced the work adequately. The work is mark band 3: 5/10 29
Tactical An appropriate tactic has been identified. The annotated diagram provides a good analysis of the potential advantages and disadvantages of the application of the tactic in a game situation, including creating 2 v 1 situations as an advantage and the risk of a player being out of position as a possible disadvantage if possession is lost. The annotations of the first diagram are clear and suggest a good level of understanding of how the overlapping player can provide options for the player on the ball with the potential of getting into advanced positions to receive a pass and then deliver the ball. The candidate provides an alternative scenario to explain how the tactic can be adapted to the changing scenario; in this case when the winger receives the ball wide and the extra man is created by an underlapping player. The candidate uses data from elite and local club players to demonstrate the fitness and skill requirements of the tactic and how this can impact on the game situation. This needed to be developed with a greater range of information in order to provide greater depth of analysis and impact of the tactic being considered. Overall the candidate has offered a piece of work which demonstrates a good level of understanding. More marks would have been achieved had the candidate: provided more depth around the changing circumstances leading to an adaptation of the overlapping run; especially in the explanation/analysis of the second diagram offered a greater range of data to support the potential benefits/risks of an overlapping full back in competitive situations provided more analysis of the data in the table, perhaps with the addition of qualitative/contextual information referenced the work adequately. The work is mark band 3: 5/10 Performance Development Programme Planning The candidate has identified an appropriate component of fitness and there is a helpful reference to this being actively supported by his team coach. SMARTER targets are described but should have been applied more consistently to the PDP; for example, how the testing arrangements need to be measured in order to aid the evaluation. 30
Suitable methods have been chosen in the main but more depth is needed in some areas. For example, the choice of weights, lift speed and height of boxes all needed consideration. Principles of training have been described and applied in some cases but elsewhere needed to be applied more consistently. For example, the detail around rest and recovery is strong whilst the FITT principle needed exploring in more detail. The detail around the choice of tests to measure progress needed a little more explanation and the inclusion of the strength endurance test causes some confusion around the focus of the PDP, especially as no normative data is referred to for the upper body power test. Overall the candidate has offered planning which demonstrates a good level of understanding. More marks would have been achieved had the candidate: linked the concept of SMARTER targets specifically to the PDP justified in more depth the choice of the tests chosen been clearer as to the reasons for the choice of training methods and levels of resistance and also more consistent about how principles of training might be applied to the training undertaken. The work is mark band 3: 5/10 Review The qualitative and quantitative data support the effectiveness of the training programme, and this has been linked to the impact on performance. The analysis of the progressions in objective data are linked to the aim but there are inconsistencies in one or two areas; for example, why the increase in strength endurance was so significant when compared to the improvements in power. There is a good indication of what the candidate has learned from the training programme, however although there are recommendations for future developments, especially around flexibility more about the future development of power was required. Overall the candidate has offered a review which demonstrates a good level of understanding. More marks would have been achieved had the candidate: better accounted for the reasons for the variations in test scores demonstrated a more advanced level of understanding around recommendations for future development, especially for power. The work is mark band 3: 5/10 31