Chemical Digestion ***ANSWERS**** Name Period Date <Notes #3- Nutrition and Digestion> AFTER mechanical digestion, the pieces of food are still to be used by the cells. They MUST be EVEN MORE!!!!!! Special chemicals called will break down these small pieces of food into SMALLER and SIMPLER. CARBOHYDRATES are broken down into (glucose) PROTEINS are broken down into (aa) FATS are broken down into and Chemical DIGESTION- the process in which our foods are CHEMICALLY broken down into simpler substances. Chemical digestion begins in the MOUTH where containing an ENZYME No begins to digest (carbohydrates). Some starch is broken down into right in your mouth!! digestion occurs in the ESOPHAGUS. Food can stay in the stomach from 1-6 hours, the average time is from hours. Gland sugars - an organ that secretes substances (digestive juices, hormones, etc.) having special functions in the body. Ex- salivary glands, liver, pancreas, stomach, small intestine The glands that line the stomach produce: Mucus and. The MUCUS the stomach lining from the gastric juice. The GASTRIC JUICE contains: broken down kasjdaskd enzymes compounds starch protects single sugars amino acids fatty acids Hydrochloric acid saliva Gastric Juice too large glycerol 2-4 1. -this lowers the ph which helps the enzyme work. Protein- 2. digesting enzyme- Pepsin - which breaks down foods containing protein such as meat and cheese.
As the stomach churns, the food is mixed with gastric juice and becomes a thick soupy mixture Small Intestine called. A sphincter at the end of the stomach, the, releases -sized amounts of chyme into the small intestine. - the part of the digestive tube where food is: digested AND!!!!!!!!!! **The small intestine is the digestive organ. **It is a coiled tube about (1 inch) wide and (22 feet) long. **The first 25 cm (10 ) are called the. Fluids from two other glands empty into the duodenum: 1. - produces that contain enzymes that break down: a) b) c) 2. - this produces (a yellow-green substance) Bile is stored in the **Bile breaks up into. These tiny droplets can then be easily digested by the enzymes of the pancreatic juice. The LIVER is the largest in the body. The lining of the Small Intestine produces. Intestinal Juice Intestinal juice has enzymes that break down: double sugars single sugars teaspoon carbohydrate s proteins fats a. into (glucose) proteins chyme Pyloric sphincter MAIN 3cm Pancreas Liver absorbed Duodenum 7m Pancreatic Juice tiny droplets aa Gall Bladder fats Gland b. into Bile
The FOUR END PRODUCTS of digestion are: Single sugars 1. (glucose) aa 2. Fatty Acids 3. Glycerol 4. ***These four substances are or enough to be used by the small simple small cell membrane cells they are enough to pass through the!!!! We get many nutrients from plants but we CANNOT digest all plant material especially cellulose cellulose makes up the cell walls of plants. Animals such as deer and cows can digest cellulose because they have appendixes living in their which break down the cellulose for the animal. HUMANS do NOT have these bacteria in our appendix no our appendix has function in digestion!! CELLULOSE is part of our food that we call or ROUGHAGE!! move fiber bacteria Fiber is needed to help food through our small and large intestines. Absorption - the diffusion of water and dissolved materials into the cells. begins Once digestion is completed the process of absorption!! bloodstream The digested food leaves the small intestine and moves into the.
The SMALL INTESTINE is a very long tube that is coiled back and forth inside your abdomen. It has an inner lining that has many tiny. folds **BOTH the and the length folds of the small intestine INCREASE the amount of surface area where food can be absorbed. **Even MORE surface area is added by the tiny finger-like structures called. villi Villi cover the folds and make the absorption of food even faster. They give the small intestine a velvety appearance, Digested food moves by diffusion through the villi into the blood vessels (capillaries) which then carry the food to all cells in all parts of the body.
AFTER absorption the undigested food is passed into the Large intestine colon or as a watery mixture. Most of the in this mixture is absorbed by the large intestine and returned to the body tissues. Fiber water provides bulk to the watery mixture and helps it to be easily moved through the large intestine. Constipation - the removal of TOO MUCH water from the large intestine. Diarrhea - the removal of TOO LITTLE water from the large intestine. Bacteria in the large intestine partially break down the undigested food. Feces - the semi-solid wastes left from digestion. The feces are STORED in the lower part of the large intestine called the Rectum. The feces are RELEASED from the body through the sphincter called the Anus.
Review of the chemicals used in digestion: Chemical Where is it What does it made? do or digest? Saliva Salivary C Glands Gastric Stomach P Juice Bile Liver FAT fat (large fat separated into tiny fat droplets) Pancreatic Pancreas C, P, F Juice Intestinal Small C, P Juice Intestine