MOLECULAR GENETICS
ADVANTAGES OF MOLECULAR GENETICS Molecular genetics is a dynamic and transformative area of diagnostics, leading to insights in research and treatment in many disease states that are revolutionizing health care. Molecular diagnostics detect and measure the presence of genetic material or proteins associated with a specific health condition or disease, helping to uncover the underlying mechanisms of disease and enabling clinicians to tailor care at an individual level facilitating the practice of personalized medicine. We must often go to the molecular level to understand the many ways in which diseases can develop within an individual. Molecular diagnostics is a broad term describing a class of diagnostic tests that assess a person s health literally at a molecular level, detecting and measuring specific genetic sequences in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) or ribonucleic acid (RNA) or the proteins they express. Molecular diagnostics identify gene, RNA, and protein variations that shed light on whether a specific person is predisposed to have a disease, whether they actually have a disease, or whether a certain treatment option is likely to be effective for a specific disease. These tests also can detect and quantify the presence of specific viruses,, or types of cells. PAGE 2
WOMEN'S HEALTH DISEASE PATHOGENS Atopobium vaginae Bacteroides fragilis Chlamydia trachomatis Gardnerella vaginalis Mobiluncus curtisii Mobiluncus mulieris Mycoplasma genitalium Mycoplasma hominis Neisseria gonorrhoeae Prevotella bivia Ureaplasma parvum Ureaplasma urealyticum parasitic Trichomonas vaginalis yeast Candida albicans Candida glabrata Candida krusei Candida parapsilosis Candida tropicalis PAGE 3
BLOOD CULTURE IDENTIFICATION PANEL gram + Enterococcus Listeria monocytogenes Staphylococcus Staphylococcus aureus Streptococcus Streptococcus agalactiae Streptococcus pyogenes Streptococcus pneumoniae gram - Acinetobacter baumannii Haemophilus influenzae Neisseria meningitidis Pseudomonas aeruginosa Enteroceae Enterobacter cloacae complex Escherichia coli Klebsiella oxytoca Klebsiella pneumoniae Proteus Serratia marcescens yeast Candida albicans Candida glabrata Candida krusei Candida parapsilosis Candida tropicalis antibiotic resistance meca - methicillin resistant vana/b - vancomycin resistant KPC - carbapenem resistant PAGE 4
GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASE PATHOGENS Campylobacter ( jejuni, coli, and upsaliensis) Clostridium difficile (toxin A/B) Plesiomonas shigelloides Salmonella Yersinia enterocolitica Vibrio (parahaemolyticus, vulnificus and cholerae) diarrheagenic e. coli/shigella Enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) lt/st Shiga-like toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) stx1/stx2 E. coli O157 Shigella/Enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) parasites Cryptosporidium Cyclospora cayetanensis Entamoeba histolytica Giardia lamblia viruses Adenovirus F40/41 Astrovirus Norovirus GI/GII Rotavirus A Sapovirus (I, II, IV & V) PAGE 5
ENCEPHALITIS/MENINGITIS PATHOGENS Escherichia coli K1 Haemophilus influenzae Listeria monocytogenes Neisseria meningitidis Streptococcus agalactiae Streptococcus pneumoniae viruses Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Enterovirus Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) Herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) Human herpes virus 6 (HHV-6) Human parechovirus Varicella zoster virus (VZV) yeast Cryptococcus neoformans/gattii RESPIRATORY PATHOGENS Bordetella pertussis Chlamydophila pneumoniae Mycoplasma pneumoniae viruses Adenovirus Coronavirus HKU1 Coronavirus NL63 Coronavirus 229E Coronavirus OC43 Human Metapneumovirus Human Rhinovirus/Enterovirus Influenza A/H1 Influenza A/H3 Influenza A/H1-2009 Influenza B Parainfluenza Virus 1 Parainfluenza Virus 2 Parainfluenza Virus 3 Parainfluenza Virus 4 Respiratory Syncytial Virus PAGE 6
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