, Dec. 2000, 52 (6) : 491 496 491 Acta Physiologica Sinica 3 3,,, (, 710061) : 63, (RRN) (Phr1D), (Sch) : (1) Sch, (Ti), (Te), Ti/ Te (RF), ; Te, Ti, Ti/ Te, RF, (2) Sch (37/ 56), (10/ 17), (3) Sch, 1 2 min,, 2 3 min (4), Sch, : ; ; ; : Q424 ; R32213 Effects of muscle spindle afferents on the regulation of respiration in rabbit 3 XING Guo2Gang 3, FAN Xiao2Li, SONG Xin2Ai, LI Qiang ( Department of Physiology, Xi an Medical University, Xi an 710061) Abstract : Effect of muscle spindle afferent invoked by intraarterial injection of succinylcholine (Sch) on respiration was assessed by changes in unit discharge of respiration related neurons and phrenic nerve of 63 anesthetized, bilaterally vagotomized and artificially ventilated rabbits. The results are as follows. (1) Intra2 arterial injection of Sch prolonged inspiratory duration ( Ti) or decreased expiratory duration ( Te) and aug2 mented respiratory frequency ( RF). (2) 66 % (37/ 56) of the medullary inspiratory neurons were excited and 10/ 17 of the expiratory neurons were inhibited by intraarterial injection of Sch, reaching maximum respectively at 1 2 and 2 3 min after injection, while non2respiration related neurons were not affected. (3) This effect of Sch was suppressed or abolished when muscle spindles were destroyed by intramuscular injection of bupiva2 caine. Key words : muscle spindle afferent ; respiration related neuron ; phrenic nerve discharge ; succinylcholine,,,, ( respiration related neu2 [1,2] ron, RRN) (phrenic nerve discharge,, phr1d), (succinylcholine, Sch),, [3],,,, Received 2000204204 Accepted 2000206212 3 Corresponding author. Tel : 02925275438 ; E2mail : yjh @irix1xamu1edu1cn
492 Acta Physiol. Sin. 52 1,, 111 (115 315 kg),, 10 d Fawosky,, 112 (111 g/ kg),,,, 113 (3 mg/ kg) ; ( x s x ), t, P < 0105,,,, 1 2 cm, 211 Sch, 21111 Sch, VC210 63 SMUP2PC,, Sch 40 ( (RF) (Ti) (Te) 63149 %),, 23 (36151 %) ; 17 (26198 %) Ti/ Te, Ti/ Te, 11 (17146 %), 4 (6135 %), 8,, (12170 %), Sch 015 mol/ L ( 21112 Sch 2 % ), 5 15 k, 2111211 63, Sch 23 ( 36151 %) VC210, ( Ti) ( P < 0105),, SMUP2PC (Te),, Ti/ Te,, ( P < 0101),, ; Sch 1 20 min, Sch (4 mg/ kg,,, 1 ), min, 10 min ( 1) 20 % [4] : 20 % 1. Sch ; 20 % ; Table 1. 20 %, Sch 4179 5132 kpa, 10164/ 7198 kpa, 37 38 2 Effect of prolonged inspiratory phase induced by intraarterial injection of succinylcholine into rab2 Time (min) Ti (s) Te (s) Ti/ Te, 2 0 (B inj1) 0159 0116 0185 0169 0169 0153 015 % ( 15 U 1 (A inj1) 0171 0125 0163 0142 1113 0152 3 3 ) 015 ml/ kg, 2 (A inj1) 0173 0125 3 0158 0142 1126 0162 3 3 3 (A inj1) 0172 0125 3 0160 0123 1120 0153 3 3 5 (A inj1) 0171 0125 0166 0122 1108 0174 3 ( ), 10 (A inj1) 0160 0126 0171 0131 0185 0165 Sch 15 (A inj1) 0157 0125 0178 0149 0173 0166 20 (A inj1) 0156 0124 0182 0164 0168 0160 (R2R 100 n = 23, 3 3 P < 0105, 3 P < 0101 vs control (before injection). 140 ms), CO 2 B inj1 : before injection ; A inj1 : after injection. bits
6 : 493 2111212 63, RF,, Sch 17 ( 26198 %) 1 min, 15 min, Te, Ti, Ti/ Te ( 2) 2. Sch Table 2. Effect of attenuated expiratory phase and augmented respiratory frequency induced by in2 traarterial injection of succinylcholine into rabbits Time (min) Ti (s) Te (s) Ti/ Te RF (cyc/ min) 0 (before inj1) 0169 0125 0185 0139 0181 0124 44169 3124 1 (after inj1) 0164 0124 0159 0124 3 1108 0127 3 3 54194 3133 3 3 2 (after inj1) 0163 0122 0160 0121 3 1105 0125 3 53177 3101 3 3 3 (after inj1) 0166 0124 0166 0128 1100 0127 3 51182 3188 3 3 5 (after inj1) 0165 0125 0171 0127 0192 0122 50109 3194 3 3 10 (after inj1) 0165 0123 0173 0123 0189 0124 47186 2188 3 3 15 (after inj1) 0171 0125 0190 0155 0179 0122 44160 3118 20 (after inj1) 0174 0124 0185 0158 0187 0127 45158 3109 n = 17. 3 3 P < 0105, 3 P < 0101 vs control (before injection). 212 Sch 3. RRN non2rrn 21211 Sch Table 3. Distribution of RRNs and non2rrns within the 315 mm 810, 015 410 mm, 013 510 mm 78 (RRN) 15 (non2rrn), 3 3, medulla of dorsal and ventral respiratory groups of rabbits (49/ 57 ; 210 mm 210 mm, VRG 012 210 mm, 013 218 mm), Total 7 56 12 17 2 5 21 78 4 15 (12/ 21 ; 110 mm IN : inspiratory neuron ; EN : expiratory neuron ; PSN : phase 810 mm, 210 410 mm, 215 spanning neuron ; DRG: dorsal respiratory group ; VRG: ventral respiratory group. RRN IN EN PSN Total non2rrn DRG 49 5 3 57 11 4. Sch Table 4. Effects of intraarterial injection of succinylcholine on spontaneous discharges of respiration re2 RRN lated neurons ( RRNs) and non2respiration related neurons (non2rrns) in rabbit medulla IN Neuron type Neuron numbers Effects of Sch Excitation Depression Biphasic effect No effect Aug1I 19 17 2 0 0 Dec1I 18 5 8 2 3 Const1I 18 15 1 0 2 Late I 1 0 0 0 1 Total 56 37 (66107) 11 (19164) 2 (3157) 6 (10172) EN Aug1E 3 1 2 0 0 Dec1E 6 0 6 0 0 Const1E 8 3 2 1 2 Total 17 4 (23153) 10 (58183) 1 (5188) 2 (11176) PSN 5 3 (60100) 1 (20100) 0 (0100 1 (20100) non2rrn 15 6 (40100) 5 (33133) 1 (6167) 3 (20100) Aug1I: augmenting IN ; Dec1I: decrementing IN ; Const1I: constant IN ; Late I: late IN ; Aug1E: augmenting EN ; Dec1E: decrementing EN ; Const1E: constant EN. The values in the parentheses represent the percentage ( %).
494 Acta Physiol. Sin. 52 510 mm) Sch Sch, (37/ 56), (17/ 19) (15/ 18), (10/ 17),, ; (6/ 6) ( 1 4) 4, 1. Sch Fig1 1. Effects of intraarterial injection of Sch on discharges of respiration related neurons in the medulla and phrenic nerve of rabbit. A C, A 1 C 1. Discharges of an IN and EN respectively. A, A 1. Before Sch. B, B 1. 2 min after Sch. C, C 1. 20 min after Sch. Upper line shows the RRN ; lower line shows the phr1d. Calibration : 10 ms/ Div, 50 V/ Div. D, D 1. Discharge histogram of an IN and EN respectively. : the beginning of Sch injection. 21212 Sch RRN ( 2) 21 10, 213 Sch, Sch 1 2 min, 3 5 min Sch, 10 min ; 11 6,, 2 3 min,, 5 min, 15 min Sch
6 : 495 2. Sch RRN Fig1 2. Time course of the effect of Sch on respiration related neurons in rabbit medulla. 3 P < 0101 vs control (before injec2 Sch, tion)., [6 ], Sch, (56123 14145) % 1121) % ; ( Ti/ Te) (25186 Sch, 5137) % (19108 1158) %,, ( P < 0101) ( 3) [11 ], 3. Sch Sch Sch Fig1 3. Effect of bupivacaine injection on the effects of dis2 charge of respiration related neurons in the medulla and phrenic nerve induced by Sch injection. A. RRNs. B. Phr1D. 3,, Sch,, (Ti Te Ti/ Te RF ), [5 ], 2, (21194 [7 ], Sch,,, Gautier [8 ] Leit2 ner [3 ] Orani [9 ], Waldrop [10 ] Waldrop, Sch, Sch Waldrop, Sch ( 50 100 g/ kg), (013 2 5 mg/ kg) [6 ],,, Waldrop, Sch,, ( ) (8 mg/ kg), Sch N 2,, Waldrop, Sch, ( ), ( ), ( ),, Sch,,
496 Acta Physiol. Sin. 52 Sch limb muscle afferents involved in ventilatory effects observed in decerebrate and spinal preparations. Exp Brain Res,, 1993, 92 (3) : 495 50 1. Sch, [2 ] Ishida K, Yasuda Y, Miyamura M. Cardiorespiratory re2, sponse at the onset of passive leg movements during sleep in humans. Eur J Appl Physiol, 1993, 66 (6) : 507 517., [3 ] Leitner LM, Dejours P. Reflex increase in ventilation induced, by vibrations applied to the triceps surae muscles in the cat. [12 ], Sch Respir Physiol, 1971, 12 (2) : 199 204. [4 ] Tang B ( ), Fan XL ( ), Wang CY ( ), Sch et al. Role of red nucleus in inhibiting nociceptive responses of rat spindle afferent. Act Physiol Sin ( ), 1999, 51 (4) : 386 390 (in Chinese with English abstract). [5 ] Nie L ( ), Liu L ( ). The respiratory facilitating Sch effects by electrical and chemical stimulation of central nu2 cleus amygdala. Acta Physiol Sin ( ), 1992, 44 (3), : 303 309 (in Chinese with English abstract). [6 ] Shi YR ( ), Qin C ( ), Fan XL ( )., Sch, Dose2effect relationship of succinylcholine causing increase of 1 2 min, Sch afferent discharge from muscle spindles in rats. J Xi an Med [13 ] Univ ; ( ), 1996, 17 (1) : 20 24 (in Chinese with English abstract)., 2 3 min [7 ] Dalsanto G. Kinetics of distribution of radioactive labled, muscle relaxants,3 : Investigations with 15C2Succinyldicholine [14 ] and 14C succinylmocholine during controled conditions.,, Sch Anesthesiology, 1968, 29 (3) : 435 443. [8 ] Gautier H, Lacaisse A, Dejours P. Ventilatory response to,, muscle spindle stimulation by succinylcholine in cats. Respir Physiol, 1969, 7 (3) : 383 388. ; [9 ] Orani GP, Decandia M. Group I afferent fibers : effects on, cardiorespiratory system. J Appl Physiol, 1990, 68 (3) : 932 ; 937. [10 ] Waldrop TG, Rybicki KJ, Kaufman MP. Chemical activation of group and muscle afferents has no cardiorespiratory effects. J Appl Physiol, 1984, 56 (5) : 1223 1228., [11 ],.. :, 1993, P27. [12 ] Milburn A. The effect of the local anesthetic bupivacaine on the adult rat muscle spindle. J Physiol ( Lond), 1976, 256 3 3 3 (1) : 54 55. [13 ] Shi YR ( ), Fan XL ( ), Qin C ( ). Time2effect relationship of succinylcholine causing the in2 crease of afferent discharge from muscle spindle in rat. J Xi an Med Univ ( ), 1996, 17 (2) : 143 146 (in Chinese with English abstract). [14 ]. 2. ( ) : [1 ] Persegol L, Palisses R, Viala D. Characterization of hind2, 1985, 209 210.