Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Health Promotion and Education Program Rev. 2014 2014, MMM Healthcare, Inc. - PMC Medicare Choice, Inc. Reproduction of this material is prohibited. MP-HEP-PPT-200-01-021914-E M&P-PRD-TEM-030-032511-S
Objectives At the end of the presentation, you will be able to: Define COPD Identify at least three symptoms of COPD Mention at least two COPD risk factors Identify at least two COPD diagnostic tests Mention at least two types of treatments to manage COPD Identify at least three recommendations to control COPD
1. COPD is a condition: a. That lasts a short time b. That can last an entire lifetime 2. Some COPD symptoms are: Pre Test a. Shortness of breath and excessive cough b. Difficulty chewing and swallowing 3. The most common causes for COPD are: a. Environmental pollution and smoking b. Spending time with friends and family
Important Facts 300 million people suffer from asthma and 210 million suffer from COPD World Health Organization, 2008
Statistics In the U.S., approximately 80% of COPD cases are caused by cigarette use In Puerto Rico (P.R.), COPD is the 6 th leading cause of death In the U.S., COPD is the 4 th leading cause of death Source: Puerto Rico Health Department Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta
What is COPD? A group of diseases that cause airflow obstruction and breathing problems Examples: Emphysema Chronic bronchitis Some asthma cases
What is COPD? Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease - Obstructive - refers to the partial blockage of air that flows in and out of our lungs - Chronic - it means that it has no cure and is long term
Respiratory System
Lungs have two main parts: Bronchus air tubes Alveolus air sacs Respiratory System When you breathe, air moves from: Bronchus to the alveolus From these air sacs, oxygen passes to the bloodstream
Risk Factors Smoking (includes second hand smoke) Dust Respiratory infections Air pollution
Signs and Symptoms Chronic cough (persistent) Cough that produces too much mucus Increased respiratory infections (colds and flu) Shortness of breath, especially during physical activity Chest tightness Wheezing
COPD causes: Decrease in lung airflow Increase in mucus production Shortness of breath, which may be fatal in some cases
Medical Conditions that cause an obstruction in airflow Chronic Bronchitis Emphysema *Both conditions cause respiratory problems.
Chronic Bronchitis Occurs when airways become narrow and are partially blocked by mucus which makes it difficult for air to flow to the lungs Characterized by excessive cough with mucus
Emphysema Occurs when alveolus (air sacs) deform and cannot hold air As a result, the body does not get the oxygen it needs
Diagnostic Tests Spirometry Chest X rays Arterial gas test
Spirometry A test that measures volume and airflow going in and out of the lungs Through this test the presence of COPD is diagnosed and confirmed
This is a test where a small blood sample is taken from an artery (usually in the wrist) Arterial gas Test The results indicate the levels of oxygen and other components in the blood
Treatment Medications used to treat COPD are called bronchodilators They facilitate breathing through different mechanisms In some cases the use of oxygen can be recommended by the physician
Recommendations when eating When choosing a meal, select soft foods that are easy to chew Take your time while chewing to avoid fatigue Meals should be small to avoid the sensation of overstuffing that may cause fatigue
Light or moderate activity Preferably everyday Exercise IMPORTANT: Before beginning any exercise routine, talk to your physician about the amount of time recommended according to your condition and tolerance. Ask us about the Patitas Calientes groups
Prevention of respiratory infections Vaccinate against influenza every year Wash hands frequently with soap and water Avoid contact with people who have a cold or the flu Avoid places with poor ventilation
Recommendations Know the medications you need to control your condition Avoid exposing yourself to irritants and pollution Quit smoking
In case of an emergency: Recommendations Keep emergency numbers available at all times Ask relatives to call you daily at the same time to make sure you re fine Ask your neighbors for their phone numbers in case of an emergency
For an immediate health consult, call us: MMM: 1-866-677-7779 PMC: 1-866-516-7704 TTY (hearing impaired): 1-866-690-7771
For more information, call the Health Promotion and Education Program of Cuidándote Mucho Más: 787-993-2311 (Metro Area) 1-866-517-0701 (toll free) Monday to Friday from 7:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m.
Where to find aid Mental Health Department A specialized Department dedicated to integrate Mental Health care Online Member Access 7 days a week, 24 hours a day 1-877-721-7722
Post Test 1. COPD is a condition: a. That lasts a short time b. That can last an entire lifetime 2. Some COPD symptoms are: a. Shortness of breath and excessive cough b. Difficulty chewing and swallowing 3. The most common causes for COPD are: a. Environmental pollution and smoking b. Spending time with friends and family
Correct Answers 1. COPD is a condition: a. That lasts a short time b. That can last an entire lifetime 2. Some COPD symptoms are: a. Shortness of breath and excessive cough b. Difficulty chewing and swallowing 3. The most common causes for COPD are: a. Environmental pollution and smoking b. Spending time with friends and family
References COPD Foundation Nutritional advice for people with COPD Retrieved March 1, 2013from: http://www.copdfoundation.org/portals/0/files/nutrition(spanish).pdf American Thoracic Society (n.d.) Signs and Symptoms of COPD Retrieved March 1, 2013 from: http://www.lungusa.org/site/pp.asp?c=dvluk9o0e&b=36761 World Health Organization (n.d.) "Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)" Retrieved March 4, 2013 from: http://www.who.int/respiratory/asthma/es/ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (April 22, 2009) "COPD" Retrieved July 13, 2009 from: http://www.cdc.gov/nceh/airpollution/copd/es/copdfaq.htm
References American Thoracic Society (n.d.) "Drugs used in the treatment of COPD," Retrieved July 14, 2009 from: http://www.thoracic.org/sections/education/patienteducation/pdf