TEST NAME:Cells and Health TEST ID:1326431 GRADE:08 - Eighth Grade SUBJECT:Life and Physical Sciences TEST CATEGORY: School Assessment Cells and Health Page 1 of 15
Student: Class: Date: 1. Which best explains why animals depend on the sun for energy? A. Animals convert sunlight to chemical energy. B. Animals eat organisms that use sunlight to make food. C. Animals consume nutrients formed by the sun for energy. D. Animals absorb sunlight through their skin and change it to energy. 2. Which food provides the most energy for the body in the shortest amount of time? A. potato B. meat C. milk D. fruit 3. Which two statements in the table are true for plant cells and false for animal cells? 1 They use the fuel stored in food for energy. 2 They use energy, carbon dioxide, and water. 3 They need nutrients but make their own food. 4 They need water and many kinds of nutrients. A. 1 and 2 B. 2 and 3 C. 3 and 4 D. 4 and 1 4. Which best describes the main component of carbohydrates? A. sugars B. proteins C. minerals D. vitamins Cells and Health Page 2 of 15
5. Which statement about cells and sugar is true? A. Both animal cells and plant cells use sugar. B. Animal cells use sugar, but plant cells do not. C. Animal cells do not use sugar, but plant cells do. D. Neither animal cells nor plant cells use sugar. 6. What is the source of most food energy? A. soil B. wind C. water D. sunlight 7. James exercises for 30 minutes per day, five days a week. This moderate exercise program most likely provides which benefit? A. loss of bone and muscle strength B. improvement in overall health C. increased blood pressure D. decreased energy levels 8. Which is needed for breaking down food molecules in cells after digestion has occurred? A. carbon dioxide B. nitrogen C. oxygen D. sodium 9. Which lifestyle choices are unhealthy? A. daily exercise B. maintaining a high body mass index C. a diet high in vegetables and low in proteins Cells and Health Page 3 of 15
10. Which digestive process initiates cellular respiration? A. eliminating waste B. filtering out harmful substances C. breaking down food into glucose D. chewing up food into smaller pieces 11. Which is the main source of energy used in all body processes? A. fats B. protein C. glucose 12. Which organism gets nutrients from animals and plants? A. fungi B. bacteria C. humans 13. Many factors affect human health. Which term best describes diet and exercise for most adults? A. lifestyle choice B. environmental factor C. genetic predisposition D. medically prescribed behavior 14. Mark s doctor advises that his sedentary lifestyle is putting him at risk for heart disease. Which would the doctor most likely recommend? A. eating less B. eating more C. exercising less D. exercising more Cells and Health Page 4 of 15
15. Which molecules are most closely linked to heart disease in humans? A. fats B. nitrates C. proteins D. carbohydrates 16. Crystal is trying to increase the protein in her diet. Which foods will best satisfy this nutritional need? A. peas, fish, milk, and beans B. apples, carrots, juice, and rice C. kiwi, lettuce, tea, and strawberries D. watermelon, spinach, coffee, and pasta 17. Which best explains why living a healthy lifestyle is important? A. Exercising once a week eliminates the risk of developing heart disease. B. A diet that includes many fats and carbohydrates increases energy production in the body. C. Eating a well-balanced diet and following a regular exercise routine increases the chance of living longer. D. Limiting consumption of proteins and avoiding aerobic exercise decreases fat accumulation in the body. 18. Which is the primary molecule broken down for energy in cells? A. salt B. sugar C. water D. protein Cells and Health Page 5 of 15
19. Which best describes respiration? A. a cell process that releases energy from food B. a cell process that converts carbon dioxide into energy C. a plant process where sunlight is converted into energy D. a plant process where chlorophyll produces sugar energy 20. Which nutrients most likely support a healthy BMI (body mass index)? A. protein, water, and unsaturated fat B. water, saturated fat, and cholesterol C. unsaturated fat, simple sugars, and complex carbohydrates 21. How are plant cells and human cells the same? A. They can produce their own oxygen. B. They make their own food from sunlight. C. They can receive nutrients through the cell wall. D. They use mitochondria to release energy from sugars. 22. Which best describes the purpose of food? A. to kill bacteria B. to prevent disease C. to eliminate waste materials D. to provide fuel for cell processes 23. Which molecule is a product of respiration? A. carbon dioxide B. glucose C. oxygen D. protein Cells and Health Page 6 of 15
24. Why is protein an important part of a healthy diet? A. It is needed to change glucose to energy. B. It is needed to store nutrients. C. It is needed to repair tissue. D. It is needed to produce water. 25. A diet high in fats has been linked to cardiovascular disease and obesity. Which type of fat is most harmful to the human body? A. saturated fat B. unsaturated fat C. fat derived from plants D. fat developed from proteins 26. How does the intake of too many fats in the diet negatively affect human health? A. Fats clog arteries and can raise blood pressure. B. Fats clog arteries and can lower blood pressure. C. Fats clog the intestines, reducing available space for digestion. D. Fats clog the intestines, increasing available space for digestion. 27. What advantage do sugars provide for an organism s diet? A. produce some energy for cells B. provide code for DNA of offspring C. supply amino acids needed to build muscle tissue 28. Which is most likely part of a healthy lifestyle? A. daily exercise B. carbohydrate-rich diet C. maintaining a high body mass index D. diet low in vegetables and lean proteins Cells and Health Page 7 of 15
29. Which best describes the effects of exercise on the respiratory and digestive systems? A. Exercise causes deeper breathing that makes the heart and lung muscles stronger, while helping to push food through the body. B. Exercise causes deeper breathing that makes the heart and lung muscles stronger, while there is no affect on the digestive system. C. Exercise causes blood to be pushed through the body at a rapid pace, while preventing the pushing of food through the digestive system. 30. Which best describes how organisms obtain energy from food? A. Food reacts with water to release energy. B. Food reacts with oxygen to release energy. C. Food reacts with sunlight to release energy. D. Food reacts with carbon dioxide to release energy. 31. How are plant cells and human cells different? A. Human cells need food, but plant cells do not. B. Human cells need energy, but plant cells do not. C. Plant cells make their own food, but human cells do not. D. Plant cells make their own energy, but human cells do not. 32. Which activity would supply the most oxygen to the body for digestion and respiration? A. sit-ups B. running C. stretching D. lifting weights 33. Which is most associated with the building and repair of cells, organelles, and tissues? A. fiber B. lipid C. sugar D. protein Cells and Health Page 8 of 15
34. A lion and a crocodile are both large animals, but a lion has to eat much more than a crocodile of the same mass to survive. Which statement best explains the difference? A. The crocodile eats larger prey than the lion can. B. The lion can store much more food than the crocodile can. C. The crocodile uses its food more efficiently than the lion does. D. The lion has to generate thermal energy and the crocodile does not. 35. Which is necessary for a plant to convert the energy of the sun into energy it can use? A. calcium chloride B. chlorophyll C. glucose D. oxygen 36. How does food provide energy? A. Food contains oxygen which cells convert into energy. B. Food contains fiber which breaks down quickly into energy. C. Food contains water which is used to store energy for later use. D. Food contains sugar which is converted into energy through respiration. 37. How would the absence of sunlight affect a plant s ability to grow? A. The plant could not absorb nutrients from soil. B. The plant could not absorb water from the soil. C. The plant could not produce carbon dioxide and oxygen. D. The plant could not produce food through photosynthesis. 38. Crystal needs more protein in her diet. Which food sources will best provide the building blocks she needs? A. beans, poultry, and meat B. vegetables, seeds, and fats C. fruits, water, and dairy products Cells and Health Page 9 of 15
39. Which best describes how animals receive energy from the foods they eat? A. Energy is passed directly from the food into the animal s bloodstream. B. Energy is released when bonds in the food molecules are broken during digestion. C. Energy is converted into a liquid in the animal s systems and spreads throughout the body. D. Energy is produced as animals chew their food and physically break up the particles into smaller pieces. 40. Which best describes the nutrients that are sources of energy for the body? A. fats and proteins B. fats and carbohydrates C. water and carbohydrates 41. In cellular respiration, approximately 38% of the energy contained in glucose is released for an organism to use in carrying out life processes. Which best explains what happens to the remaining 62% of the energy contained in glucose? A. The energy is used to start the process of cellular respiration when more glucose is consumed by the organism. B. The energy is used to convert leftover glucose into protein to be stored by the cells of the organism. C. The energy is stored by the cells and released later when needed by the organism. D. The energy is converted to thermal energy, which provides heat to the organism. 42. After a person eats, the food is converted into energy by A. muscles. B. tissues. C. bones. D. cells. Cells and Health Page 10 of 15
43. Which molecule created by plants is broken down by the human body to provide energy for its life processes? A. water B. oxygen C. glucose D. carbon dioxide 44. Which is required for growth to occur in an animal? A. Waste products must be excreted. B. Energy must be stored in fat deposits. C. Nutrients must be converted into energy. D. Water must be constantly taken into the body. 45. When an organism oxidizes food, some of the energy is lost. Which best explains this loss of energy? A. Energy is released as heat. B. Energy is converted to waste. C. Energy is stored for later use. D. Energy is converted to chemical compounds. 46. Which best explains why organisms need food? A. Food is the source of energy required for growth and repair of tissues. B. Food provides the raw materials for producers to produce more food. C. Food is the source of water needed to hydrate the surface of cells. D. Food provides the oxygen necessary for plant and animal survival. 47. What do cells use for energy storage and as a source of energy? A. carbohydrates B. cytoplasm C. proteins Cells and Health Page 11 of 15
48. Which is most likely to promote the growth of animals? A. fiber B. water C. oxygen D. protein 49. Which part of a plant captures the light energy used in photosynthesis? A. guard cells B. chlorophyll C. roots 50. Which best describes how organisms process materials to gain energy for life processes? A. Oxygen is broken down in a chemical reaction with sugars to release energy. B. Sugars are broken down in a chemical reaction with oxygen to release energy. C. Vitamins and minerals are used to build complex molecules that store energy. D. Vitamins and minerals are used to break down complex molecules that store energy. 51. Which molecule provided by plants accounts for the energy in a herbivore s diet? A. glucose B. protein C. salt 52. What are the products of cellular respiration? A. oxygen and sugar B. oxygen and water C. carbon dioxide and sugar D. carbon dioxide and water Cells and Health Page 12 of 15
53. Which molecule, found in food, supplies the energy needed by organisms to perform life functions? A. salt B. fiber C. sugar D. water 54. Why is respiration important for digestion? A. Respiration provides carbon dioxide for the digestion of food. B. Respiration provides hydrogen for the digestion of food. C. Respiration provides oxygen for the combustion of food. 55. Which would most likely reduce the risk of heart disease? A. decreased exercise and a diet low in fat B. increased exercise and a diet high in fat C. increased exercise and a diet low in carbohydrates D. decreased exercise and a diet high in carbohydrates 56. Which habit would most likely lead to increased energy production in cells? A. exercising regularly B. getting plenty of rest C. eating fewer fatty foods D. eating fewer carbohydrates 57. Which would most likely contribute to better digestion and respiration? A. eating junk food B. frequent exercise C. playing video games D. regular visits to a doctor Cells and Health Page 13 of 15
58. Which contributes most to obesity when consumed in excess? A. fat B. fiber C. water D. protein 59. Which would most likely benefit someone at risk for heart disease? A. Exercise less and avoid alcohol. B. Exercise more and avoid fatty foods. C. Consume less fat and drink less water. D. Consume more sodium and drink more water. 60. Which nutrients best support a healthy digestive tract? A. saturated fat, water, and simple sugars B. simple sugars, cholesterol, and fiber C. water, fiber, and unsaturated fat 61. Jasmine finds the following information in a brochure about nutrition. Common Sources of Protein beans, nuts, whole grains, beef, chicken, fish Which best explains the advantage of choosing beans, nuts, and whole grains as part of a healthy diet instead of beef, chicken, and fish? A. Beans, nuts, and whole grains are good sources of protein that are lower in fat than beef, chicken, and fish. B. Beans, nuts, and whole grains provide higher amounts of protein per serving than beef, chicken, and fish. C. Beans, nuts, and whole grains provide protein that is stored longer by the body than protein from beef, chicken, and fish. D. Beans, nuts, and whole grains provide protein that is chemically broken down more quickly by the body than protein from beef, chicken, and fish. Cells and Health Page 14 of 15
62. Which best describes the benefit of fiber in the diet? A. It is converted to glucose by the cells and serves as an additional energy source. B. It assists in the movement of food and waste through the digestive system. C. It helps the cells absorb nutrients needed for growth and reproduction. D. It provides water to the cell to be used in various cellular functions. 63. Tobacco has been linked to many health problems. What is the most complete list of forms of tobacco that cause cancer? A. cigarettes and snuff B. chewing tobacco and snuff C. cigarettes and chewing tobacco D. cigarettes, chewing tobacco, and snuff Cells and Health Page 15 of 15