Unit 1: Scientific Thinking and Inquiry 6.2B Hyptheses, Materials, Prcedure OBJECTIVE(S): Obj 1 SWBAT write a testable hypthesis that answers an investigatin s questin. Obj 2 SWBAT write a detailed materials list and prcedure fr a scientific investigatin. LEARNER PROFILE: Cmmunicatr DO NOW: Fur Square D Nw Which variable des a scientist manipulate r cntrl in an experiment? What variable des a scientist bserve? What variables d scientists keep the same in an experiment? What is the purpse f a cntrl grup? GUIDED NOTES: Hyptheses Scientific Methd 1. Ask a questin 2. Perfrm backgrund research 3. Frm hypthesis 4. Test hypthesis 5. Analyze results and draw cnclusins 6. Cmmunicate results Hyptheses: A hypthesis is an. 3 Criteria fr a gd hypthesis: 1. Must be a that prvides a pssible t a scientific questin. 2. Must be. 3. Must shw a between the variable and the variable. If, then If, then.
PRACTICE: Scientific Questin: Des drinking sda make yu run slwer? Hypthesis: If, then. GUIDED PRACTICE #1: Fr questins 1-3, read the scientific questin and determine an apprpriate hypthesis t answer the questin. Check the bxes belw the hypthesis t make sure yur hypthesis meets all the criteria; identify the independent and dependent variables. Fr questin 4, use the experimental investigatin t write a scientific questin, a hypthesis, identify the independent variable, dependent variable, and at least three cnstant variables. 1. Scientific Questin: Hw des exercise affect yur weight? 2. Scientific Questin: Des giving teachers chclate have an effect n hw much hmewrk they assign? 3. A grup f schlars is curius abut hw the mass f a car affects its speed as it rlls dwn a ramp. They think it will rll faster. The schlars set up a ramp and place a car at tp. The first time they rll the car dwn the ramp, there is n weight attached. The secnd time they rll the car dwn the ramp they attach a 200g weight t it. The third time they rll the car dwn the ramp, they attach a 500g weight t it. Each time the car rlls dwn the ramp the schlar use a stpwatch t time the trip. Scientific Questin: Independent Variable: Dependent Variable: Cnstant Variables (at least 3):
GUIDED NOTES: Materials and Prcedures Materials: Materials are used during an experiment. It is written as a. Be! Prcedure: A prcedure is a list f explaining exactly what yu did in an experiment. Written as a. Be! Turn and Talk: Why is it imprtant fr scientists t write specific materials and prcedure lists fr their experiments? PRACTICE: Scientific Questin: Des drinking sda make yu run slwer? Hypthesis: If, then. Materials: Prcedure:
GUIDED PRACTICE #2: Fr the scenari belw, find the fllwing: 1. Scientific Questin 2. Hypthesis 3. Independent Variable 4. Dependent Variable 5. Cnstant Variables 6. Cntrl Grup 7. Materials 8. Prcedure SCENARIO: A scientist suspects that drinking Starbucks cffee can cure cancer and cnducts an experiment t prve it. The scientist gets 500 male vlunteers with cancerus tumrs in their stmach. 250 vlunteers drink nly water everyday while the ther 250 vlunteers drink 3 cups f Starbucks cffee each day fr 6 mnths. All participants are X-rayed at the beginning and end f the experiment and the size f their tumrs measured. The percent f decrease in tumr size is calculated fr all 500 peple. The change in tumr size f the cffee drinkers is cmpared t the change in tumr size fr water nly drinkers. 1. Scientific Questin: 2. Hypthesis: 3. Independent Variable: 4. Dependent Variable: 5. Cnstant Variables (at least 3): 6. Is there a cntrl grup? If s, what grup is it? 7. Materials List: 8. Prcedure List:
HOMEWORK: Experimental Design Practice DIRECTIONS: Fr each scenari belw, identify the independent variable, dependent variable, cnstant variables, cntrl grup, and hypthesis if given. If a hypthesis is nt given, create ne yurself. Scenari 1: Stephanie cnducted an experiment t determine if the clr f a maze wuld affect the time it tk fr a muse t learn t run thrugh it. She cnstructed 6 identical mazes f plywd. She left ne natural, and painted the thers white, yellw, red, blue and green. She purchased 10 yung mice at a lcal pet stre. She ran the mice thrugh the maze tw at a time until they culd run it twice withut making an errr. She then cmpared the runs it tk the mice in each clr maze t learn it (run it twice withut errr. Identify the fllwing: 1. Independent r manipulated variable: 2. Dependent r respnding variable: 3. Cnstant variables (at least 3): 4. Cntrl Grup (Yes r N? What is the cntrl grup?): 5. Was a hypthesis given? (If yes, recrd it here, If n, create ne) Scenari 2: Shane thught that all clas tasted the same, but her friends seemed t have favrite brands. She decided t see if peple culd really taste the difference between brands f cla. At the lcal grcery stre, she purchased 2 Liter bttles f Cke, Pepsi and a generic stre brand, She gt 10 f her friends tgether at her huse fr the test. Each persn was asked which cla they preferred and then given three unmarked cups f cla t tast. Each cup cntained 50 ml f cla. Shane recrded hw many f the peple actually picked the cla which they said was their favrite. Identify the fllwing: 1. Independent f manipulated variable: 2. Dependent r respnding variable: 3. Cnstant variables (at least 3): 4. Cntrl Grup (Yes r N? What is the cntrl grup?): 5. Was a hypthesis given? (If yes, recrd it here, If n, create ne)