ANNALES HISTORICO-NATURALES MUSEI NATIONALIS HUNGARICI Tomus 80. Budapest, 1988 p. 51-56. A revision of the genus Acaníhocordax Günther, 1929 (Dermaptera, Forficulidae) by H. STEINMANN, Budapest H. STEINMANN: A revision of the genus Acanthocordax Günther, 1929 (Dermaptera, Forficulidae). Annls hist.-nat. Mus. natn. hung. 1988 SO: 51-56. Abstract All known species of Acanthocordax are described based on external morphology. Their systematic revision and the description of the male genital apparatus are given along with a new species: Acanthocordax satanus sp. n. from New Guinea. With 15 figures. Acanthocordax GÜNTHER 1929 Acanthocordax GÜNTHER: Mitt. zool. Mus. Berl. 15 (1): 80. Species typica: Acanthocordax spinosus GÜNTHER, 1929 (original designation). 1933 Stenixus HABARD: Mem. Qd. Mus. 10: 154. Species typica: Stenixus rhachynotus HEBARD, 1933 (original designation). 1969 Acanthocordax : BRINDLE, Entomologist's month. Mag. 105: 275 with Stenixus HEBARD, proposed synonymy with Acanthocordax GÜNTHER, 1929. Slender and elongate species. Antennái joints greatly elongate and more or less cylindrical. Eyes normally developed. Pronotum specific, relatively small, quadrate or longer than broad ; anterolateral angles produced into teeth or spines; posterior part of pronotum reflexed over base of tegmina. Tegmina and wings well or fully developed. Legs slender. Abdomen generally fusiform, ultimate tergite sloping. Male forceps slender, more or less cylindrical in cross-section, dorsal surface with or without tooth. Forceps of female with branches simple, straight and contiguous. Distribution: New Guinea and Bismarck Archipelago. IDENTIFICATION KEY TO THE SPECIES 1 (2) Pronotum with pronotal spines greatly elongate; distal part of each branch of male forceps strongly narrowed (Fig. 1) spinosus GÜNTHER, 1929 2 (1) Pronotum with pronotal spine small; distal part of male forceps not strongly narrowed. 3 (6) Pronotum quadrate or almost so; each branch of male forceps with a smaller or larger dorsal tooth. 4 (5) Dorsal tooth of male forceps very long and straight, directed upwards (Fig. 2); external paramere of male genitalia comparatively large (Fig. 3) dorsalis BRINDLE, 1969 5 (4) Dorsal tooth of male forceps short, strongly curved, directed inwards (Fig. 5); external paramere of male genitalia comparatively short (Fig. 7) satanus sp. n. 6 (3) Pronotum longer than broad; each branch of male forceps without a dorsal tooth. 7 (8) Each branch of male forceps straight, except at apices, distal part not strongly curved (Fig. 8); external paramere of male genitalia comparatively short (Fig. 9) rhachynotus (HEBARD, 1933)
S (7) Each branch of male forceps with distal part strongly curved; external paramere of male genitalia comparatively large (Figs 10 14). 9 (10) Distal part of male forceps more strongly curved (Fig. 10); male genitalia characteristic, basal part of virga directed inwards; external paramere as in Fig. 11 papuanus GÜNTHER, 1929 10 (9) Distal part of male forceps less strongly curved (Fig. 13); male genitalia simple, virga comparatively short; external paramere as in Fig. 14 spatuîaius RAMAMURTHI, 1967 Acanthocordax spinosus GÜNTHER 1929 Acanthocordax spinosus GÜNTHER: Mitt. zool. Mus. Berl. 15(1): 81, fig. 9 (male in dorsal view). Terra typica: New Guinea (Type male: Mus. Naturkunde, Berlin). Male head blackish-brown, antennae brown, pronotum blackish, tegmina and wings reddishbrown; wings with a yellow spot on the inner margin near apex; abdomen reddish to blackishbrown; last tergite lighter in colour; forceps reddish-brown, darker basally. Head comparatively short and broad; irons tumid, smooth, postfrontal and coronal sutures distinct; posterior margin convex. Eyes moderately small, shorter than the length of head behind eyes. First antennái joint very long, essentially longer than distance between antennái bases; second and rest typical, elongate and cylindrical. Pronotum a little longer than broad, posterior angles and margin broadly rounded; median longitudinal furrow distinct. Tegmina and wings fully developed, tegmina with broadly rounded shoulders. Abdomen elongated, lateral margins convex in dorsal view. Ultimate tergite large, sloping, simple. Each branch of forceps (Fig. 1) slender, rather swollen distally before the narrow spine-like part; dorsal surface with a sharp tooth medially. Genitalia unknown. Female similar to male, but forceps straight, cylindrical in cross-section, tapering, simple. Length of body with forceps, in both sexes: 11.5-13 mm. Distribution: New Guinea. Figs 1-5. 1 = Male ultimate tergite with forceps of Acanthocordax spinosus GÜNTHER, 1929. 2 = Male ultimate tergite with forceps of A. dorsalis BRINDLE, 1969, 3 = ditto, male genital armature, 4 = ditto, female forceps. 5 = Holotype ultimate tergite with forceps of A. satanus sp. n. (Original).
Acanthocordax dorsalis BRINDLE 1969 Acanthocordax dorsalis BRINDLE: Entomologist's month. Mag. 105: 276, fig. 1 (male in dorsal view), fig. 2 (male abdominal end with forceps in lateral view). Terra typica: New Guinea (Type male : Manchester Mus.). Male almost uniformly reddish-brown or lighter; antennae, legs and forceps reddish or yellowish ; extreme apex of inner margin of wings, yellow. Head transverse, tumid, but depressed along lines of sutures; posterior margin straight. Eyes comparatively large, but shorter than the length of head behind eyes. Antennái joints long, first joint almost cylindrical, much longer than distance between antenna! bases; second quadrate, third joint nearly four times as long as broad; fourth joint equal in length to third. Pronotum quadrate or almost so; lateral margins parallel, posterior margin convex; antero-lateral angles with a small tooth on each; posterior part of pronotum reflexed over base of tegmina; median longitudinal furrow indistinct. Tegmina and wings fully developed, reaching to beyond fourth tergite, corriaceous, smooth. Legs very long and slender, femora only slightly broadened. Basal joint of tarsi long and cylindrical, longer than second and third combined. Abdomen fusiform, tergites coriaceous; lateral glandular folds on third tergite small, those on fourth tergite large and prominent. Ultimate tergite narrow, transverse, slightly narrowed posteriorly. Each branch of forceps (Fig. 2) slender, slightly widened at extreme apex; inner margins with small isolated tooth or tubercle towards base; distal part evenly narrowed to apex, divergent basally, thence convergent to apex; a large dorsal tooth just beyond midpoint. Genitalia (Fig. 3, gen. prep. No. 536, det. Dr. H. Steinmann) normally developed; central parameral plate comparatively short, narrowed basally, virga within genital lobe with strongly curved section basally; external parameres moderately large, obtuse. Female very similar to male, but forceps (Fig. 4) simple, branches a little depressed in crosssection basally, cylindrical medially and apically; straight except near apex. Length of body with forceps: male: 10-11.5 mm, female: 9-10.5 mm. Distribution: New Guinea. Acanthocordax satanus sp. n. Male general colour yellowish-brown; head, median part of pronotum dark-brown; antennae and tegmina light-brown, and legs yellow. Head comparatively large, broader than the width of pronotum, tumid, shining; postfrontal and coronal sutures distinct; posterior margin concave in the middle. Eyes prominent, but shorter than the length of head behind eyes. Antennae with elongate Figs 6-10. 6 = Forceps of the holotype of Acanthocordax satanus sp. n. in lateral view, and 7 = ditto, male genital armature. 8 = Male ultimate tergite with forceps of A. rhachynotus (HEBARD, 1933), and 9 = ditto, male genital armature. 10 = Male ultimate tergite with forceps of A. papuanus GÜNTHER, 1929 (Original).
joints; first joint very long, essentionally longer than distance between antennái bases, second quadrate, third about as long as fourth. Pronotum about as long as wide, and narrower than the head; antero-lateral angles with a small tooth on each; lateral margins parallel and straight, posterior margin rounded; median longitudinal furrow indistinct. Tegmina and wings normally developed or wings concealed. Abdomen fusiform, simple, a little depressed, smooth; lateral glandular folds on tergites 3-4 present. Ultimate tergite transverse, sloping, smooth, simple. Forceps (Fig. 5) straight, except the distal part, curved; dorsal tooth characteristic, comparatively short, but sharp and curved inwards. Forceps in lateral view (Fig. 6) strongly curved, undulate. Genitalia (Fig. 7, gen. prep. No. 1001, det. Dr. H. Steinmann) characteristic; central parameral plate oval, large; virga within genital lobe very long, with S-shaped curvature basally; external parameres moderately small, obtuse. Female very similar to male, but forceps simple, straight, tapering. Length of body with forceps, in both sexes: 9.5-10 mm. H o 1 o t y p e male: New Guinea, 1965, legit Dr. J. Balogh, gen. prep. No. 213, det. Dr. H. Steinmann (deposited in the Hung. Nat. Hist. Mus., Budapest). Paratypes: male, Chimbu Vy, N. G. (Bismarck Rge), open, 5-7500 ft, Oct'44 Darlington, gen. prep. No. 1001, det. Dr. H. Steinmann, 1 ex., and ditto, 1 female (deposited in the Mus. comp. Zool., Cambridge, Mass.), and 1 female ditto (deposited in the Hung. Nat. Hist. Mus., Budapest). Acanthocordax rhachynotus (HEBARD) 1933 Stenixus rhachynotus HEBARD: Mem. Qd. Mus. 10: 154, fig. 3 (male forceps), fig. 4 (pronotum). Terra typica: New Guinea (Type male: Nat. Mus., Sydney). 1934 Acanthocordax rhachynotus: GÜNTHER, Konowia 13: 289. 1967 Acanthocordax papuanus rhachynotus : RAMAMURTHI, Ent. Meddr. 35: 257. 1968 Acanthocordax rhachynotus: POPHAM et BRINDLE, Entomologist 101: 278. Male head, and pronotum black or dark brown; antennae yellowish-brown basal two joints darker; tegmina and wings dark brown, reddish-brown to black; legs yellow; abdomen and forceps brown. Head large, wider than the width of pronotum; tumid, postfrontal and coronal sutures distinct, well-marked; posterior margin convex in middle. Eyes large prominent, but a little shorter than distance between antennái bases, second transverse or quadrate, third and fourth about equal in length. Pronotum longer than broad; antero-lateral angles each with a small tooth; lateral margins straight and parallel, posterior margin rounded; median longitudinal furrow distinct. Tegmina and wings fully developed. Abdomen fusiform, a little widened medially, narrowed anteriorly and posteriorly; lateral glandular folds on tergites 3-4 present. Ultimate tergite sloping, smooth, simple, typical. Each branch of forceps (Fig. 8) slender, almost straight, slightly widened at extreme base, distal part with inner margin excavated and with a ventro-median tooth; dorsal tooth absent. Genitalia (Fig. 9, gen. prep. No. 115, det. Dr. H. Steinmann) simple; central parameral plate oval, large, virga within genital lobe elongate; external parameres comparatively short and small. Female very similar to male, but furceps straight, slender, tapering, elliptical in cross-section basally, cylindrical apically. Length of body with forceps, in both sexes: 13-16 mm. Distribution: New Guinea.
Acanthocordax papuanus GÜNTHER 1929 Acanthocordax papuanus GÜNTHER: Mitt. zool. Mus. Berl. 15 (1): 82; fig. 10 (male abdominal end with forceps). Terra typica: New Guinea (Type male: Mus. Naturkunde, Berlin). Male apparently rather variable in colour; uniformly dark or blackish-brown, or with abdomen reddish; head and pronotum may be yellow or frons and pronotum blackish; tegmina darkbrown to reddish-brown, or with a large median yellow elliptical patch ; wing with a yellow spot on inner margin near apex; legs yellow. Head of Acanthocordax-type; frons tumid, postfrontal and coronal sutures distinct, posterior margin convex in middle. Eyes large, but slightly shorter than length of head behind eyes. First antennái joint dark, very long, longer than distance between antenna! bases, remaining joints yellow, slender and cylindrical. Pronotum longer than broad; antero-lateral angles each with a small tooth; lateral margins straight, parallel; posterior margin rounded; median longitudinal furrow well-marked. Tegmina and wings fully developed. Abdomen fusiform or sometimes faintly widened to 8th tergite; ultimate tergite transverse, sloping, median part with a smaller depression near posterior margin. Forceps (Fig. 10) slender, elongate, branches cylindrical in cross-section; distal part more strongly curved; inner margins of distal part with a smaller but prominent tooth. Genitalia (Fig. 11, gen. prep. No. 39, det. Dr. H. Steinmann) large; central parameral plate with parallel sides anteriorly, virga within genital lobe strongly curved basally; external parameres comparatively large, apices obtuse and directed a little inwards. Female very similar to male, but forceps (Fig. 12) straight, more or less trigonal in crosssection basally and medially, cylindrical apically. Length of body with forceps, in both sexes: 9.5-13 mm. Distribution: New Guinea : Papua and West Irian. Figs 11-15. 11= Male genital armature of Acanthocordax papuanus GÜNTHER, 1929, and 12 = ditto, female forceps. 13 = Male ultimate tergite with forceps of A. spatulatus RAMAMURTHI, 1967, 14 = ditto, male genital armature, and 15 = ditto, female forceps (Original).
Acanthocordax spatula!ms RAMAMURTHI 1967 Acanthocordax spatulatus RAMAMURTHI: Ent. Meddr. 35: 257, fig. 38 (male ultimate tergite with forceps), fig. 39 (female forceps), fig. 40 (holotype genital armature). Terra typica: New Britain (Type male: Zool. Mus. Univ. Kobenhavn). Male uniformly reddish-brown, body with external characters very similar to papuanus GÜNTHER. Head tumid, smooth; postfrontal and coronal sutures distinct; posterior margin convex in the middle. Eyes larger, but a little shorter than the length of head behind eyes. Antennae 12-jointed; first joint long and thick, longer than distance between antennái bases; second very short, third to sixth subequal, shorter than first, rest longer and cylindrical. Pronotum long and narrow; lateral margins thick leaving a fine groove along entire length; prozona tumid, separated from depressed metazona by a transverse ridge. Tegmina smooth, shoulders broadly rounded; wings well-developed. Abdomen fusiform, tergites finely granulöse; lateral glandular folds on tergites 3-4 typical. Ultimate tergite transverse, sloping, simple. Forceps (Fig. 13) long, of Acanthocordax-typQ, more or less cylindrical in cross-section, inner margins crenulate; distal part less strongly curved, with a smaller, but prominent inner tooth. Genitalia (Fig. 14) characteristic; central parameral plate comparatively short and wide, virga within genital lobe short and strongly curved or S-shaped basally; external parameres moderately short and broad. Female very similar to male, but pygidium more distinct and forceps (Fig. cylindrical, tapering. Length of body with forceps: male: 9-12 mm, female: 13 mm. Distribution: Bismarck Islands : New Britain. 15) simple, straight, Author's address: DR. HENRIK STEINMANN Zoological Department Hungarian Natural History Museum H-1088 Budapest, Baross utca 13 Hungary