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TP SA PU JA LA EM BE N RA H TA NA UL LS TA GI DI R NU ZA H IR AH

- I, tesis 11000906 32 RC 902.N6 2013 1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111II 1100090632 Evaluation in health-related quality of life indicators for chronic kidney disease using fuzzy numbers / Noor Jarnalina Mohd Jamal, UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA TERENGGANU (UMT) 21030 KUALA TERENGGANU l100090b. t-r '! '.),I... HAK MIUK til\ l mmn l!,:l n!!:.\l SUmrml HUR z.r..h!mh Lihat Sebelah I l [ I J ii! 1 -i I i --l i i I P t Pembelnlnran Digital Sultanah Nur Zahlrah (UMl) Unlvurelb M81ayaJa TorangQlllU.

EVALUATION OF HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE INDICATORS FOR CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE USING FUZZY NUMBERS NOOR JAMALINA BINTI MOHD JAMAL MASTER OF SCIENCE UNIVERSITY MALAYSIA TERENGGANU MALAYSIA 2013

EVALUATION IN HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE INDICATORS FOR CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE USING FUZZY NUMBERS NOOR JAMALINA BINTI MOHD JAMAL Thesis submitted in Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Master of Science in the Faculty of Science and Technology University Malaysia Terengganu JANUARY 2013

Abstract of thesis presented to the Senate of Universiti Malaysia Terengganu in fulfillment of the requirement for the degree Science. of Master of EVALUATION OF THE HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE INDICATORS FOR CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE USING RANKING FUZZY NUMBERS NOOR JAMALINA BINTI MOHD JAMAL JANUARY 2013 Chairperson: Associate Professor Mohd Lazim Abdullah, Ph.D. Member : liiyani Abdullah, Ph.D. Faculty : Science and Technology Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is the subjective perception of either the effect of a disease or its treatment on one's health and overall quality of life. HRQoL measurements express important information about the patients. HRQoL can be assess through reliable questionnaires. Patients' perceptions of the impact several valid and of disease and treatment on the indicators such as physical, psychological, social function and well being are normally investigated. However, there is no clear suggestion of which indicators contributed more than other. These indicators should be ranked to identify which one is the most contributions and which one are the least contributions towards the patients. Hence, a significant method of ranking the indicators must be used to evaluate them. Since the concept of HRQoL and the data ii

collected are vague and in imprecise, the method for ranking the indicators using ranking fuzzy numbers is one of the possible approach. It is a well-known that fuzzy set theory can dealing with the uncertainty data (Zadeh 1965). The uncertainty data comes from the linguistic judgement in the questionnaire. The questionnaire consists of questions relating to the indicators of HRQoL and completed by the respondents. From the data collected then the indicators are ranked. There are four objectives in this study. The four objectives signify each method used in this study. The first method is ranking fuzzy number using centroid-point method proposed by Wang and Lee (2008). The second method is ranking fuzzy numbers using magnitude method proposed by Abbasbandy and Hajjari (2009). These two ranking method are chose because it is easy to evaluate with the data collected. The weight of the indicators was also introduced in this study. The method to determine the weight of the HRQoL indicators is the simplified of Fuzzy Simple Additive Weighting System of weight determination method proposed by Chou et al. (2008). The continuation of the third method, a HRQoL index was introduced to determine the index for HRQoL of the chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Based on this study, eight indicators of HRQoL of the CKD patients were evaluated and the results from both methods indicate that the roleiii

emotional indicator turns out to be the most contributed indicator to the CKD patients. For the first method, the value of x for role-emotional indicator is 3.453 and for the second method, the value of Mag(u) for role-emotional is 3.636. The weights for each indicator were determined and an index for HRQoL also has been calculated. The low contributions of the indicators lead to the lower degree patients which are 3.1961. iv of HRQoL index for CKD

Abstrak tesis yang dikemukakan kepada Senat Universiti Malaysia Terengganu sebagai memenuhi keperluan untuk Ijazah Sarjana Sains PENILAIAN TERHADAP PETUNJUK KUALITI KEHIDUPAN BERKAITAN KESIHATAN BAGI PENYAKIT BUAH PINGGANG KRONIK MENGGUNAKAN NOMBOR KABUR NOOR JAMALINA BINTI MOHO JAMAL JANUARI 2013 Pengerusi : Profesor Madya Mohd Lazim Abdullah, Ph.D. Ahli : liiyani Abdullah, Ph.D. Fakulti : Sains dan Teknologi Kualiti kehidupan berkaitan dengan kesihatan (HRQoL) adalah satu persepsi yang subjektif sama ada persepsi terhadap kesan penyakit atau rawatan terhadap penyakit dan kesihatan yang menggambarkan keseluruhan kualiti hidup seseorang itu. Pengukuran kualiti kesihatan akan memberikan maklumat yang penting berkenaan dengan pesakit. HRQoL boleh dinilai melalui beberapa soal kaji selidik yang sah dan boleh dipercayai. Persepsi pesakit terhadap kesan penyakit dan rawatan yang diterima biasanya dinilai melalui petunjuk-petunjuk kualiti kehidupan seperti fungsi fizikal, psikologi, dan fungsi sosial. Walau bagaimanapun, masih belum ada cadangan yang jelas yang menunjukkan petunjuk mana yang menyumbang lebih daripada petunjuk yang lain. Petunjuk-petunjuk ini haruslah disusun untuk mengenalpasti yang mana stau menyumbang lebih dan mana satu v Unlversib Malaysia 1

kurang menyumbang kepada pesakit. Oleh itu, satu kaedah pemangkatan yang betul mestilah digunakan untuk menilai petunjuk ini. Oleh kerana konsep HRQoL dan data yang dikumpul adalah kabur dan tidak tepat, kaedah menentukan pemangkatan menggunakan nombor kabur adalah kaedah yang terbaik. Umum mengetahui bahawa teori set kabur boleh menyelesaikan masalah yang berkaitan dengan data yang tidak menentu (Zadeh, 1965). Data yang tidak menentu adalah daripada penilaian linguistik di dalam soalan soal selidik. Soalan soal selidik terdiri daripada soalan-soalan berkaitan petunjuk HRQoL dan dijawab oleh responden. Data petunjuk yang dikumpulkan kemudian akan dianalisa dan ditentukan kedudukannya untuk mengetahui petunjuk mana yang member kesan terbesar kepada pesakit dan sebaliknya. Terdapat empat objektif dalam kajian ini. Kesemua objektif ini mewakili setiap kaedah yang digunakan dalam kajian ini. Kaedah yang pertama adalah pemangkatan nombor kabur menggunakan kaedah titik-sentroid yang dicadangkan oleh Wang dan Lee (2008). Kaedah kedua adalah pemangkatan nombor kabur menggunakan kaedah magnitud yang dicadangkan oleh Abbasbandy dan Hajjari (2009). Kedua-dua kaedah pemangkatan ini dipilih kerana ia mudah untuk dianalisa dan sesuai dengan data yang dikumpul. Berat petunjuk juga diperkenalkan dalam kajian ini. Kaedah Sistem Penambahan Mudah Pemberat Kabur digunakan untuk menentukan pemberat HRQoL yang dicadangkan oleh vi

Chou et al. (2008). Indeks HRQoL diperkenalkan sebagai kesinambungan daripada kaedah ketiga. Pada akhir kajian ini, penunjuk HRQoL yang memberikan kesan kepada pesakit buah pinggang kronik (CKO) akan dapat ditentukan. Oi samping itu, indeks HRQoL juga akan dapat dihasilkan. Daripada kajian ini, lapan penunjuk HRQoL pesakit CKD telah dinilai dan hasil dari kedua-dua kaedah menunjukkan bahawa peranan-emosi ternyata menjadi penunjuk yang paling menyumbang kepada pesakit CKO. Untuk kaedah yang pertama, nilai x untuk penunjuk perananemosi ialah 3.453 dan untuk kaedah kedua, nilai Mag(u) untuk penunjuk peranan-emosi ialah 3.636. Pemberat untuk setiap penunjuk juga telah ditentukan dan indeks HRQoL juga telah dikira. Sumbangan rendah penunjuk membawa kepada tahap yang indeks HRQoL untuk pesakit CKO iaitu 3.1961. vii lebih rendah untuk