How Hard Can it Be? Translating Environmental Prevention Strategies into Action

How Hard Can it Be? Translating Environmental Prevention Strategies into Action Sheriff Barry S. Faile, Lancaster County Sheriff s Office Donna Herchek, Counseling Services of Lancaster Paul N. McKenzie, Ph.D., Lancaster County School District Heather R. Mueller, The Children s Council Oklahoma Prevention & Recovery Conference Oklahoma City, Oklahoma November 6, 2014

Workshop Objectives Introduction: How this Came to Be What Makes this Approach so Different? Four Steps to Changing Our World Community Mobilization Coordinated Media Saturation Coordinated Enforcement Ongoing Data Collection

Biggest Current Mistakes in Prevention? Doing many things that have little or no effect. Not incorporating best prevention research and science into assessment, planning, and evaluation.

Just What is Environmental Prevention, Anyway? Environmental strategies in a community seek: 1. To bring about system-level change (including physical space, local community policies, retail sales, availability of alcohol, drugs and tobacco, local enforcement of rules, etc. ) in order 2. To reduce substance abuse problems at the population level. This the Public Health Model of prevention. Both conditions must be met.

How this Came to Be Coalition for Healthy Youth

Coalition Began in 1998 Lancaster County School District Department of Social Services The Children s Council CareNet Health Services Lancaster County Sheriff s Office Counseling Services of Lancaster Department of Juvenile Justice Hope Center Church of God Lancaster County Parks and Recreation Lancaster Children s Home University of South Carolina Lancaster Lancaster Health Department Hope on the Hill LearnTV Lancaster City Police Department NAACP Communities in Schools Catawba Mental Health Catawba Care Coalition Moriah Baptist Association Lancaster County Partners for Youth Lancaster County First Steps Palmetto Citizens Against Sexual Assault United Way of Lancaster County South Carolina Highway Patrol Alcohol Enforcement Teams Christian Services Guardian Ad Litem Cox Construction Lancaster Fatherhood Project

Lancaster County, South Carolina Population (2012): 81,391 Age: Under 20 25.7% 65 and Older 16.6 Median Household Income: $41,645 Race: White 70.2% Black 23.8% Hispanic 4.9% Other/Multi 5.9% Education Levels High School Graduates 77.6% College Graduates (Bachelor s) 15.3%

Our First Decade... We be Jammin! $25 Million in Prevention Funding Community Forums Legislative Breakfast Merchant Covenant National Rural Prevention Conference Then

Hitting the Wall 16 Lancaster County, SC Drinking and Driving Crashes 2006 2012 7 14 6 12 5 Axis Title 10 8 6 UNDERAGE DRINKING IN LANCASTER COUNTY IS ON THE RISE 4 4 3 2 DUI Crashes 21+ DUI Crashes Under 21 6 Mon Mov Avg (DUI Crashes 21+) 6 Mon Mov Avg (DUI Crashes <21) >21) 2 1 0 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 0

Hitting the Wall 50 40 30 20 10 0 Lancaster County, SC % 30 Day Youth Drinkers 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Age 17 + 40.2 40.4 44 43.8 35.4 35.9 40.4 H.S. Avg 28.0 29.9 32.3 32.5 28.2 26.4 31.9

The Solution... Take U Out of DUI Lancaster County Coalition for Healthy Youth Lancaster County Sheriff s Office South Carolina Highway Patrol Lancaster Police Department Dr. Harold Holder

Funding was received to support the project from four different state and federal grants. One grant application awarded to the Lancaster County Sheriff s Department was one of only three funded in the nation!

What Makes this Approach so Different?

What Makes this Approach so Different? DIRECT SERVICE Focus on Students / Parents Evidence Based Strategies Costly and Never Ends ENVIRONMENTAL PREVENTION System Level Change: Policies Access Norms

Four Steps to Changing Our World

STEP ONE: Mobilize Community Partners

Community Mobilization

Community Mobilization Alcohol Enforcement Teams

Coordinated Enforcement Safety Checkpoints Saturation Patrols Party Patrols/Patrols of Youth Drinking Areas Compliance Checks Tip Line

Coordinated Enforcement

STEP THREE: Coordinated Media Saturation

Coordinated Media Saturation

Coordinated Media Saturation Traditional Media Newspapers Television Billboards Redefined Media Robo-calls Community ConnectED - schools Electronic Signs Social Media Local Cable Access

Coordinated Media Saturation The Lancaster News :: December 2013

Coordinated Media Saturation

Coordinated Media Saturation Town Hall Meeting on Underage Drinking :: April 2014

Coordinated Media Saturation

Coordinated Media Saturation The Lancaster News :: September 2014

Coordinated Media Saturation The Lancaster News :: February 2012

Coordinated Media Saturation The Lancaster News :: December 2013

Countywide Robo-Calls Hoovers Company Lead List: Complete Gold Price.54 Quantity 1,072 Total $578.88 Tax $46.31 Total = 625.19

Countywide Robo-Calls This is Lancaster County Sheriff Barry Faile wishing you and your family a Happy New Year. Our office will be conducting safety checkpoints on December 31st throughout the county. So remember to drive sober and Let s Take the U out of DUI. This is Lancaster County Sheriff Barry Faile. Spring is here and that means more folks out on the roads. Please take care and remember to drive safe and sober. Our officers will be conducting safety checkpoints on May 24 th throughout the county. Let s Take the U out of DUI. 12,043 households Cost: $120.43 www.robodial.org

Community Message Boards

Social Media

Billboards

Coordinated Media Saturation

STEP FOUR: Ongoing Data Collection

Data Collection- Surveys

Data Collection- GIS Mapping

Data Collection- Enforcement 70 Lancaster County, SC DUI Enforcement 60 50 16 Lancaster County, SC Drinking and Driving Crashes 2006 2012 7 Axis Title 40 30 20 DUI Arrests Total # of Safety Checkpoints All 6 Mon Mov Avg (DUI Arrests) 14 6 10 6 Mon Mov Avg (# Checkpoints) 12 5 0 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 10 Axis Title 8 6 4 3 DUI Crashes 21+ DUI Crashes Under 21 6 Mon Mov Avg (DUI Crashes 21+) 6 Mon Mov Avg (DUI Crashes >21) 4 2 2 1 0 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 0

Data Collection- Media Exposure

Have We Made any Difference in Lancaster County Local data in action...

With these new resources, the number of safety checkpoints in Lancaster County increased 89% from 2011. The number of individuals in the county arrested for driving under the influence of alcohol increased 32%.

Most important, the number of DUI crashes for involving individuals under age 21 decreased 23% from 2012 to 2013: and 22% for individuals age 21 and older.

High school seniors that reported using alcohol in the past 30 days decreased 5.8% during the past year. Binge drinking (five or more alcohol drinks in a two hour period) reduced 18.4% over that same period.

Lancaster County, SC 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 Drinking and Driving Dashboard September 2, 2014 Lancaster County, SC Drinking and Driving Crashes 2006 2013 0 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 DUI Crashes 21+ DUI Crashes Under 21 6 month Mov. Avg 6 month Mov Avg History From 2009 to 2011 Total DUI Crashes declined. DUI crashes with underage drivers (<21 driver) began to decline in 2008. From mid-2009 t0 2011, 21+ driver DUI Crashes also declined resulting from the economic recession in Lancaster County. However, over 2011 to 2012, both 21+ age and >21 age driver DUI crashes increased. Most Recently: Both adult and under 21 age driver crashes have declined. This suggests a major success for the Lancaster County Coalition for Healthy Youth and local law Enforcement.

70 Lancaster County, SC DUI Enforcement 2006 2014 60 50 40 30 20 DUI Arrests Total # of Safety Checkpoints All 6 month Mov Avg 6 month Mov Avg Lancaster County DUI enforcement has steadily increased from 2008-2014. 2001 to present, DUI enforcement has increased in terms of number of monthly checkpoints and number of DUI arrests made. 10 0 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 Lancaster County, SC Perception of Risk of Arrest for DUI 1 6 11162126313641465156616671768186 Adults Perception of DUI Arrest Risk (community survey/panel (1 to 5 scale) Youth Perception of DUI Arrest Risk Youth Survey) 1.2 Lancaster County, SC Public Awareness of DUI Enforcement Axis Title 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 # of news stories about drinking and driving enforcement Level of public awareness of DUI enforcement 0 1 9 17 25 33 41 49 57 65 73 81 89 97 105

9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Lancaster County, SC News Coverage of Drinking and Driving & Enforcement 2008 2014 0 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 DUI Enforcement Specific Drinking and Driving in General 6 month Mov Avg 6 month Mov Avg No information is available about the public awareness of DUI enforcement nor the public s perception of risk of detection if they were drinking and driving. However, content analyses of local news coverage of DUI enforcement specifically and drinking and driving in general show modest long term exposure but substantial increase in news attention in the past two years.

45 40 35 Lancaster County, SC H.S. Senior Drinking 2011 2014 Less Lancaster H.S. History: 2006 to 2009, 30- day drinking and binge drinking by youth increased. From 2010 to 2013 youth drinking declined but there was no data for 2012 based upon annual surveys. 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Sept 2011 May 2013 Oct 2013 Dec 2013 March 2014 % 30 Day Drinking 35.9 34 39.3 35.6 34 % Binge Drinking 13.9 14.8 22.3 19.2 16.4 % 30 Day Drinking % Binge Drinking Most Recently: utilizing brief frequent surveys conducted with seniors, there is clear evidence of declines in 30-day drinking and binge drinking. This is especially important since seniors are typically the highest drinking group in high school.

Lancaster County, SC H.S. Seniors Sources of Alcohol 2013 14 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Retail Parents Friends Relatives Oct 13 21.2 27.7 67.5 35.2 Dec 13 21.7 24.8 51.4 31.2 Mar 14 20.8 24.8 51.1 29.4 Oct 13 Dec 13 Mar 14 Where do youth obtain alcohol? Retail sources are the lowest source, which suggests a high level of retailer compliance (checking IDs for customers). See Underage Alcohol Enforcement and Compliance chart. Social Sources of alcohol are most frequently used by underage drinkers including: Friends including parties and informal gatherings 50-60% Siblings and other Relatives 29-35%% Parents and Home Supplies 24-28%

0.80 0.70 0.60 0.50 0.40 0.30 0.20 0.10 Lancaster County, SC Underage Alcohol Enforcement and Compliance 2006 2014 0.00 2006 2007 0.10 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 % of Retail Sales (Retailer Compliance) Linear (% of Retail Sales (Retailer Compliance)) 6 month Mov Avg The Underage Alcohol Enforcement and Compliance chart shows that the average percent of successful sales in enforcement Compliance Checks are very low (on the average) and over 2006-2014 the average retail sales of alcohol to youth rate is declining in Lancaster County. See straight line slope.

3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 Lancaster County, SC News Coverage of Underage Drinking (in general) 2008 2014 Special emphasis on underage d drinking &social sources of alcohol 0 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 # news stories on underage drinking in general 6 mth mov avg (general news stories about underage drinking) Community support of environmental strategies for reducing underage drinking rests upon public awareness of the challenge of youth drinking. One means to increase awareness is the use of local news about underage drinking and related harm. This chart shows that local news attention increased in 2009 to a modest level but has not increased since that time. Also the second half of 2013 actually had no news coverage of underage drinking. Beginning in 2014 with a Lancaster County Coalition for Healthy Youth special emphasis on underage drinking, there is a notable increase in news coverage over 2013 but more news attention is needed.

12 10 8 6 4 2 0 Jan May Sep Jan Lancaster County, SC Enforcement of Alcohol Social Availability 2008 2013 May Sep Jan May Sep Jan May Sep Jan May Sep Jan May 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 # of Parties Dispersed # of Parties Prevented An essential aspect of reducing social availability of alcohol to underage persons is the use of visible enforcement including dispersing and deterring informal gatherings and parties in which underage are served or provided alcohol. While there has been an increase in law enforcement actions to prevent youth drinking parties, there has been only a modest increase is party dispersal over the past two plus years.

Over the Next 12 Months... Continued Enforcement Safety Checkpoints Merchant Compliance Checks Merchant Education Focused Media and Community Awareness

8 th Annual Substance Abuse Prevention Conference University of South Carolina Lancaster August 5-7, 2015

Complete World Domination

Contact Info: Coalition for Healthy Youth PO Box 171 Lancaster SC 29721 www.facebook.com/coalitionforhealthyyouth www.facebook.com/takeuoutofdui 803.283.4995 CoalitionForHealthyYouth@gmail.com

Thank You!