Tobacco What is tobacco?

Tobacco What is tobacco?

1891 Machine to make cigarettes was invented Until then: Rolled cigarettes/chewing tobacco

1964 Tobacco use reached its height Almost 50% of all adults in the US smoked Surgeon General (Luther L. Terry) linked smoking to heart disease, lung cancer, and other diseases Since, adult use has steadily declined

1966 Federal Gov t required cigarette manufacturers to clearly label all packages with this caution: Cigarette smoking may be hazardous to your health

1970 Warning was changed: Surgeon General has determined that cigarette smoking is dangerous to your health

1986 Congress says warnings must be posted on all smokeless tobacco labels

TODAY A variety of stronger warnings may appear Law prohibits ads for tobacco products on: TV and radio Banned smoking in public areas (select states) http://www.no-smoke.org/pdf/wrblawsmap.pdf

Types of Tobacco Cigarettes Pipes Cigars Smokeless tobacco Snuff- powdered tobacco sniffed or snorted/placed in the lip/flavored Chewing tobacco- more coarsely ground.

Nicotine Addictive- Causes psychological and physical dependence PSYCHOLOGICAL- person feels they need a drug in order to feel good (ex. Stress) PHYSICAL- User has a chemical need for the drug (ex. Headaches/withdrawal) Stimulant Increased Blood Pressure Increased heart rate Speeds up Central Nervous System (CNS)

In tobacco smoke (cigarettes, pipes, cigars) Tar Destroys cilia and air sacs in the lungs Carbon Monoxide Deprives body tissues and cells of O2 Paint Rat Poison Ammonia About 70 cancer causing chemicals in tobacco http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/sgr/2010/c onsumer_booklet/chemicals_smoke/

In smokeless tobacco (snuff, chewing tobacco) Carcinogens (approx. 29) Fiberglass Small cuts in the mouth help the body to absorb nicotine and cancer causing chemicals directly into the blood stream 3 times the amount of chemicals as one cigarette Is as addictive as smoking 8 dips, chews, plugs a day=two packs a day worth of nicotine **Light cigarettes, clove cigarettes, chewing tobacco** NOT A SAFE ALTERNATIVE

Short-term Effects Brain Chemistry-Addiction, withdrawal, tolerance Heart rate increases Breathing increases Taste buds are dulled Appetite reduced Bad Breath Yellow teeth Smelly hair/skin/clothes Coughing/wheezing/asthma

Long-term effects Chronic Bronchitis Emphysema Lung Cancer Coronary heart disease/stroke Cancers of the mouth, throat, larynx, esophagus, stomach and pancreas Weakened immune system Tooth decay, tooth loss, gum recession Leukoplakia Wrinkled skin

Other Consequences Cost to society Litter, air pollution Cost to smokers If a pack of cigarettes cost $4.50 and you smoke a pack a day, how much will you spend on cigarettes in a year? Legal Consequences Must be 18 years old Suspension/expulsion

Risks for Others Second hand smoke Mainstream smoke- Exhaled from the lungs of a smoker Side stream smoke- smoke from the burning end of a cigaretter 50,000 non-smokers die each year from health problems caused by second hand smoke Very dangerous for children Pregnancy What you put in your body is passed to your child

Why do people start using tobacco? Peer pressure Athletes most commonly use smokeless tobacco Stress Media-try to influence people that products are glamorous and fun TV/Radio ads are prohibited Magazine ads for tobacco products can still be found Shown in movies and on TV shows http://news.yahoo.com/tobacco-tv-tied-adult-smoking-rates- 200937012.html Always show users as healthy, happy, attractive people Never show the results of smoking

Tobacco Ads

http://www.joechemo.org/

Anti-tobacco AD Tobacco Poster Rubric Creative slogan/theme 10 2 Facts (must relate to the slogan/theme)10 Neatness 10 Colorful 10 Total 40

Once people start, why cant they stop? ADDICTION 1. Experimentation 2. Occasional Use - I only smoke at parties Even so, it can lead to regular use 3. Regular Use -Experience tolerance-you need more of the drug to get the same effect -Without Nicotine, a person will experience withdrawal

Withdrawal Symptoms include Headache Anxiety Depression Fatigue Irritability

Ways to avoid tobacco use Surround yourself with positive influences Reduce peer pressure Be prepared with refusal skills Stay active Practice stress relief tips!

Quitting Benefits After 24 hours nicotine and CO levels in the blood drop Heart rate decreases Oxygen in the blood increases Cough begins to clear up Decline in risk of long term effects Food tastes better Smell improves

How? Nicotine patch Nicotine gum Counseling