Skretting Fish Feed Fish Nutrition Hans Vink: Manager Skretting Africa Yaounde, March 2015 Outline Introduction Nutreco/Skretting Importance of R&D What makes a good feed Fish Nutrition Presentation of Skretting products 1
Skretting a global aquafeed company Part of Nutreco 3,400 employees 1.8 million tons of feed Production in 16 countries Sales in more than 40 countries Feed to more than 60 species 1 global R&D centre and 4 trial units 3 Feed for more than 60 species 4 2
Skretting Aquaculture Research Centre 5 Established in 1989 1 R&D centre and 4 trial units (Norway, China, Japan, Vietnam & Italy) 100 employees representing 20 different nationalities and 60 PhD s Collaboration with over 40 research institutions and universities worldwide Specialists in: fish and shrimp nutrition fish and shrimp health feed technology research methodologies Annual R & D investment in fish feed: 12 M. Research areas Nutrition Health Feed production Raw materials Nutritional requirements Digestibility Formulation Special applications Prevention and control Health promoting diets Formulations for specific situations Process development & plant optimization Feed physical quality Raw material functionality NIR spectroscopy 3
What do fish need to grow? GOOD Environmental Conditions GOOD Health Management GOOD RESULT!!! GOOD Feeding Management GOOD Feed What makes a good feed? Physical quality Nutritional quality Fulfils the nutritional requirements of the species Protein / Lipid level, Digestbility Correct Vit. & Min. level FCR Bacteriological profile Pellet size Uniformity Floating/sinking Dust Water stability Molding Control of contaminants 4
What Must a fish Feed Provide? Protein Fat (lipids) Carbohydrates Vitamins Minerals ENERGY! Feed pellet exist of 3 different main nutrients Fat Carbohydrate Protein Proteinisbuilt of aminoacids. Small fish require more digestible protein than big fish Fish nutrition research requires large resources to optimize feed composition. Who can measure digestible protein requirements for: DP need Different fish species Different body size Different temperatures Different salinity Fish Size 5
How to improve FCR nutritionally? FCR = Kg feed / kg growth Energy can come from protein, lipid and starch Lipid is good energy for catfish and salmon FCR More lipid (energy) will improve FCR Dietary DE Water Quality Parameters Tilapia cannot grow below 20 C and survive below 12 C. Tilapia are euryhaline. Parameter Unit Value or range Temperature C 24-30 Oxygen mg/l 4-6 ph 6-8 CO 2 mg/l < 20 Total suspended solids mg/l < 20 Total ammonia - N mg/l < 3 NH 3 N mg/l < 0.06 Nitrite - N mg/l < 1 Nitrate-N mg/l < 100 Most from: Timmons & Ebeling (2007) 12 6
Oxygen requirement for maximising feed intake Large tilapia are more sensitive to low DO levels than small Tilapia Aquaculture Research Volume 43, Issue 5, pages 730-744, 3 MAY 2011 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2109.2011.02882.x http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2109.2011.02882.x/full#f2 Intestinal tract of Tilapia Stomach with low ph Gut length/body length > 6 High digestive capacity High tolerance fibers Microbial fermentation Intestinal synthesis of vitamins 7
Tilapia & catfish starter Skretting Africa Composition Tilapia Fish Starter (Catfish) 0.3, 0.5 G, 0.7 & 1.0 GR 1.7 MP 0.25, 0.5, 0.7 GR & 1.0 MP 1.0 MP 1.8 Crude Protein (%) 48.0 40.0 57.0 57.0 55.0 Crude fat (%) 8.0 8.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 Starch (%) 15.0 22.0 10.5 10.0 12.0 Crude Fiber (%) 2.0 2.0 0.5 0.3 0.4 Ash (%) 9.0 7.0 9.0 10.0 10.0 Phosphorus (%) 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.4 Copper (%) 7.5 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 DE (MJ/Kg) 13.7 13.7 19.2 19.2 19.0 Tilapia Grower Skretting Africa Composition TI-2, 3 & 4.5 mm Crude Protein (%) 35 Crude fat (%) 8 Starch (%) 22 Crude Fiber (%) 3.5 Ash (%) 5.4 Phosphorus (%) 0.9 Copper (%) 5 DE (MJ/Kg) 13.7 Feeding Advice: adapt feed amount to eating behaviors; maintain oxygen levels > 5 mg/l at outlet Pellet (mm) Fish Weight (g) Daily feed intake at 24-30 C. (% of body weight) 2 25-60 4.1-4.4 3 60-100 3.9-4.2 100-200 3.5-3.8 4.5 200-300 2.7-3.0 300-400 2.1-2.4 400-500 1.9-2.1 8
Catfish Grower Skretting Africa Composition ME-2, 3, 4.5 & 6 mm Crude Protein (%) 45 Crude fat (%) 14 Starch (%) 24 Crude Fiber (%) 2.5 Ash (%) 6.5 Phosphorus (%) 1 Copper (%) 5 DE (MJ/Kg) 16,5 Feeding Advice: adapt feed amount to eating behaviours; maintain oxygen levels > 5 mg/l at outlet Pellet (mm) Fish Weight (g) Daily feed intake at 24-30 C. (% of body weight) 2 15-40 5.0 3 40-150 3.5 4.5 120-300 3.0 300-600 2.0 600-900 1.5 6 900-1500 1.2 Skretting Distributor in Cameroun SOCAVB SARL Mr. François Djonou E-mail: Socavb1@yahoo.fr Tél.: +(237) 633 392544 Direction: Face Château d eau Bonabéri B.P.:2102 Douala Cameroun Thank You! 9