Consumption and Prevalence Economics of Tobacco in Trinidad & Tobago?? In 1999, Trinidad & Tobago consumed 1,32 million cigarettes, or.5% of the total LAC consumption, with only.3% of LAC s population. In 1999, Cigarette consumption per person 15 years old and over was 67 packs.?? In Trinidad and Tobago, smoking prevalence for adult males aged between 35 and 69 was 42% during 1977-1986 period. It was only 8% for their female counterparts. In 1988, about one tenth of young people were smokers. Smoking Prevalence in Trinidad & Tobago 45% 4% 35% 3% 25% 2% 15% 1% 5% % 42.1% Adult (35-69 Year Olds), 1977-1986, Males 8.% Adult (35-69 Year Olds), 1977-1986, Females 1.5% Youth (14-18 Year Olds), 1988, All Source: Adult data: Smoking at the time of survey; Miller, G.J. et al. (1989). Ethnicity and other characteristics predictive of coronary heart disease in a developing community: Principal results of the St. James Survey, Trinidad. Int J Epidemiol 18(4), 88-817. Youth data : Current tobacco use in last 3 days ; Singh, H. et al. (1991). Pattern of substance abuse among secondary school students in Trinidad and Tobago. Public Health, 15, 435-441. Tobacco Tax?? In 1999, cigarette tax accounted for 43% of retail price in Trinidad and Tobago. The average price of cigarettes was 1.12 US dollars in 1999.
Overall Cigarette Tax as % of Retail Prices for Selected LAC Countries, 1999 US$/pack 2.5 2 1.5 1.5 65% 56% 83% 6% 75% 43% 83% 7% 7% 6% 57% Colombia Guyana Costa Rica Mexico Brazil Trinidad & Tobago Venezuela Argentina Chile Uruguay Jamaica Source: The World Bank Estimates?? In 1999, total cigarette tax collected was 32 million US dollars, accounting for 2.7% of government tax revenue in Trinidad & Tobago. Tobacco Taxes and Percentage Shares in Total Government Tax Revenue, 1999 4 35 Million US Dollars 2.3% 3 25 2 15 1 5 6.% 2.7% 2.% 4.4% 4.% 2.5% 4.1% 6.% 2.8% 5.3% Guyana Trinidad & Tobago Costa Rica Jamaica Uruguay Venezuela Colombia Chile Mexico Argentina Brazil Source: The World Bank Estimates
Health Issue?? In 1994, the age-standardized mortality rate were 29 per 1, males aged over 35 from cancers of the trachea, lung and bronchus in Trinidad and Tobago. By comparison, 9 females 1, over 35 died of these diseases. Meanwhile, lip, oral cavity, and pharynx cancer claimed the lives of 12 males aged over 35 per 1, people and 4 females aged over 35 per 1, people in 1994. World age-standardized mortality rate per 1, population Mortality from Smoking Related Diseases for People age 35 years and over in Trinidad & Tobago, 1994 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 Trachea, lung, and bronchus cancer Male Female Lip, oral cavity, and pharynx cancer Source: World Health Organization. (1998). World Health Statistics Annual, 1996. Geneva, Switzerland. Tobacco Control Measures?? The Bureau of Standards stipulates that advertisement for free tobacco samples must only appear in trade publications; no coupons are permitted, and advertisements must not be addressed to children. However, tobacco advertising and sponsorship are widespread, including tobacco company sponsorship of steel bands and steel band concerts. A health warning is required on all packages sold in Trinidad and Tobago. The sale of tobacco products to persons aged 16 years and younger is prohibited.?? Voluntary restrictions on smoking in health care facilities are in place, as well as in businesses and schools. The national airline prohibits smoking on flights of 1.5 hours or less.
?? Smoking prevention education is included in general health education in schools, beginning in primary school and continuing through senior high school. NGOs and health professional organizations are engaged in limited prevention and control activities. The Trinidad and Tobago Cancer Society sponsors the World No-tobacco Day. The Seventh Day Adventist Church sponsors smoking cessation clinics. Production and Trade?? In 1999, Trinidad and Tobago produced 1,3 million cigarettes. Imports was 2 million in 1999 and there were no exports of cigarettes. Cigarette Production in Trinidad & Tobago, 1993-1999 Million Pieces 1,31 1,3 1,29 1,28 1,27 1,26 1,25 1,24 1,23 1,22 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 Source: USDA?? Trinidad and Tobago stopped tobacco leaf growing since 1995. In 1994, leaf production was 31 metric tons.
12 Tobacco Leaf Production in Trinidad and Tobago, 199-1994 1 Metric Tons 8 6 4 2 199 1991 1992 1993 1994 Source: FAO?? Trinidad and Tobago has been a net tobacco importer during 197-1998. In 1998, It had a net deficit in tobacco trade of 4 million US dollars. US$ Million -1-2 -3-4 -5-6 Tobacco Trade in Trinidad and Tobago, 197-1998 197 1975 198 1985 199 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 Source: FAO WB17853 M:\tobacco\country briefs&data \Trinidad and Tobago\Working file\trinidad & Tobago.doc April 4, 21 6:6 PM