Resistance Exercise Program Design, Training, & Safety

Resistance Exercise Program Design, Training, & Safety

How can we write a program that 1 - does what we want it to do? 2 Follows the training paradigm we are adopting? 3 Makes sense of all the choices available?

Program limitations Limited facilities Limited equipment Limited time Injuries/illnesses/pre-existing conditions Working with sport coaches Working with sports medicine staff Governing body rules/regulations

Program Design 14 Steps 1. Define the scenario Who are you training? Time available Duration of the program Equipment available Purpose of the program Program goal(s) 2. Need analysis Movement analysis Metabolic analysis Injury analysis/history Training status of the athlete/student/client 3. Frequency of training 4

Program Design 14 Steps 4. List of exercises 5. Order of exercises 6. How many sets & reps 7. Training loads (intensity) determined 8. How will intensity vary? 9. How will sets & reps vary (volume)? 10. Teaching progression 11. Calculate training volume (reps) per session 12. Calculate training volume for each week 13. Determine set-to-set progression for each exercise 14. Put the detailed program together 5

RT Programs 1. Training Level 2. Loading 3. Volume 4. Velocity 5. Frequency 6

Matveyev s Model of Periodization Figure courtesy M.H. Stone

Other periodization variations? Non-Linear Periodization Undulating Periodization Random Periodization Western Periodization Conjugated Periodization Hybrid Periodization Classic Periodization Alternating Periodization etc., etc., etc.

Principles for the Daily Program Always Warm-up Thoroughly High Skill Level Lifts Early in the Training Session Power and/or strength exercises first Faster Movements Before Slower Strength Movements before accessories Try to Alternate Pushing and Pulling Movements Try to alternate upper and lower body Try compound circuits or supersets Core exercise with core stabilization exercises Try to develop 12-week cycle Every 3 rd week of each cycle should have reduction in both volume and intensity Beginners focus should be on proper technique and not how much weight is lifted

Training Program Stress Three Types Too little stress- no adaptation- NO PROGRESS Too much stress- overwhelms adaptation- NO PROGRESS/ INJURY Optimum stress- progressive adaptation- ONGOING PROGRESS

Different ways to train similar muscles

Specificity of training responses

Activity of the trunk muscles during squats and pulls from the floor (dead lifts, cleans, snatches) is greater or equal to that produced with many common stability ball exercises. Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, Volume 22, Issue 1, Pages 95-102, 2008. Trunk Muscle Activity During Stability Ball and Free Weight Exercises: Nuzzo, McCaulley, Cormie, Cavill, and McBride

Functional Movements that require and promote flexibility: Promote full ranges of motion Knees, hips, ankles Shoulders Spine Mobility exercises PVC hip hinge Shoulder PVC exercises Foam roller glute raise Primary Multi-joint movements Dead lifting Squatting Overhead Pressing Rowing Jumping

Safety in Weightlifting

Sports Injuries Per 100 participant hours in school sports Page 5 Track and Field 0.57 Soccer 6.20 Basketball 0.03 Football 0.10 Gymnastics 0.044 Powerlifting 0.0027 Tennis 0.001 Volleyball 0.0013 Weightlifting 0.0017 Weight Training 0.0035 Weightlifting has a very low rate of injury when compared to other sports

Correct Footwear Correct Clothing Personal Safety Safe, Efficient Technique No Horseplay Be Aware of Others Use Spotters Discourage Limit Attempts too often or max repetitions Especially with beginners

Personal Safety Warm-up, Stretching, and Cool-down Miss Correctly & Spot Correctly Drop Barbell in Controlled Manner Only for Olympic lifts Discourage Training Alone Follow Planned Program Low Resistance When Learning New Skills Avoid Big Weight Jumps Individual Progression

Equipment/ Organizational Safety Ensure Platforms, Barbells etc. Are Well Spaced Out Ensure Lifting Surfaces are not slick Ensure Barbells Are Loaded Correctly and Evenly with collars Ensure All Equipment is Stable Clean Lifting Areas Ensure That Bars Are Straight and Revolve

General Warm-up Physiological Aspects Exercise muscle groups under light or minimal loads through large ranges of motion Increased rate and strength of muscle contraction Increased muscle coordination through related movements Increased range of motion Increased cardiovascular and respiratory efficiency Reduced risk of injury Increased metabolic rate Increased work capacity Preparation for specific warm-up/corrections Psychological benefits

Specific Warm-up: Always done AFTER the General Warm-up Types of general warm-ups: Static stretching, ballistic stretching, dynamic warm-up Prescribed according to individual problems found on evaluation 1. Foam Rolling of identified areas: 1-2 sets 10-20 reps 2. Specific ROM exercises for identified areas AIS (Active Isolated Stretching), and PNF (contract-relax) techniques

Dynamic Warm-up 10 each quad pull to RDL reach 10 each tin soldiers 10 each lateral lunge 10 each figure 4 10 each walking lunge with t-spine rotation 5-10 inch worms Forward skip with forward arm swing Backward skip with backward arm swing Forward skip with hip internal rotation Backward skip with hip external rotation A skip A skip to squat 10 BW squats 10 lat/tricep mobility 10 135 degree wall slides with lift off

Technique: Pulling Styles of American Weightlifters

Additional Textbooks & Organizations February 20, 2018 Add Footer information here 26

Thank You Questions 27