TRADITIONAL SYSTEMS OF MEDICINE IN BANGLADESH BY JASIM UDDIN CHOWDHURY BANGLADESH COUNCIL OF SCIENTIFIC AND INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH (BCSIR) LABORATORIES, CHITTAGONG-4220, BANGLADESH
Area-147570 Sq.Km. Population- 140 m Tribals- 27 CHT- 13 Chakma, Marma Area-1.32 m hect. Peoples- 12 m Northern Dist - 7 Santal
TRADITIONAL PRACTIONERS Ayurvedic & Unani : Recognized- 6000 Institutionally Trained 1000 Unregistered 10000 Homeopathic : Registered 25000 Unregistered 20000 Modern practitioners (Prescribe TM) 500 Traditional/Folk remedies
Traditional Drug Producers Ayurvedic 161 Unani 261 Homeopathic 76 Others (Street vendors) 100
Institutes of Traditional Medicine Homeopathic Medical Colleges 32 1000 Unani Medical Colleges 10 60 Ayurvedic Medical Colleges 6 30 Govt. Unani & Ayurvedic
Major Producers Hamdard Laboratories 133 SadhanaOusadhaloy 150 ShaktiOusadhaloy 138 Ayurvedic Pharma Ltd. 135 Human Drugs Ltd 28 National Pharma 16 Kundeswari 48 Mujaher 39
Major Medicinal Plants Adhatoda vasica Holarrhena antidysenterica Aegle marmelos Mentha spicata Aloe indica Nigella sativa Azadirachta indica Paederia foetida Cassia senna Saraca indica Cinnamomum verum Tamarindus indica Curcuma longa Terminalia arjuna Gmelina arborea T. belerica Hemidesmus indicus T. chebula
Selected Plants for some diseases Constipation Aegle marmelos Plantago ovata Cassia senna Carica papaya Terminalia chebula Indigestion Carica papaya Paederia foetida Zingiber officinale Centella asiatica
Contd... Parasitic infections Ananas sativus Azadirachta indica Curcuma longa Embelia ribes Glycosmis arborea Terminalia chebula Piles Terminalia chebula Aloe indica Cassia fistula Carica papaya
Contd... Scabies Azadirachta indica Lawsonia inermis Cassia alata Curcuma longa Mesua ferrea Polygonum hydropiper Diabetes Cephalandra indica Momordica charantia Scoparia dulcis Allium sativum Catharenthus roseus Lagerstroemia speciosa
Contd... Teeth & Gum Diseases Azadirachta indica Murraya koenigii Psidium guajava Syzigium aromaticum Urinary problems Aloe indica Kalanchoe pinnata Tinospora cordifolia Tribulus terrestris
Contd... Dysentery/Diarrhoea Aegle marmelos Centella asiatica Euphorbia hirta Holarrhena antidysenterica Punuca granatum Kalanchoe pinnata Cough/Cold/Bronchitis Adhatoda vasica Ocimum sanctum Citruses Acorus calamus Zingiber officinale Tylophora indica Euphorbia hirta
Contd... Cardiac problems Allium sativum Terminalia arjuna Nerium indicum Thevetia neriifolia Urginea indica Hair tonics Wedelia chinensis Foeniculum vulgare Lawsonia inermis Emblica officinalis Vitex negundo Allium cepa
Major Animals used Ill Fishes Arthritis/Rheumatism Jackels meat,,,, Cockroach Asthma Pigeon Tonic Fish/Chicken Vitality Lizard oil Rheumatism Animal skin Epilepsy
Major Animals used Sheep's milk Pure Ghee Honey Sparrow Tonic Carbuncles/boils Preventive/Cough,cold Aphrodisiac
Major minerals/metals used Rock salt as ingredient/digestive Lime stone Scorpion sting Copper sulphate Antifungal Common salt ORS Potassium nitrite as Ingredient Laundry soap Gastric pain Sulphur Skin diseases
Traditional Medicine Resource Crude Drug market Wild habitat --Forest floor --Homestead & Fellow land Cultivation Import
Abundantly available Plants Acalypha indica Achyranthes aspera Adhatoda vasica Aegle marmelos Allium sativum Alstonia scholaris Ananas sativus Azadirachta indica Calotropis gigantea Carica papaya Cassia alata Cassia fistula Centella asiatica Cephalandra indica Coriandrum sativum Curcuma longa Cyperus rotundus Eclipta alba Emblica officinalis Euphorbia hirta
Contd. Mentha spicata Mikania cordata Mimosa pudica Momordica charantia Moringa oleifera Ocimum sanctum Paederia foetida Phyllanthus niruri Piper betel Psidium guajava Scoparia dulcis Solanum xanthocarpum Terminalia arjuna T. chebula Vitex negundo Zingiber officinale
Rare & Threatened Medicinal Plants Abroma augusta Abrus precatorius Acorus calamus Andrographis paniculata Boerhavia diffusa Dioscorea prazeri Gloriosa superba Hemidesmus indicus Hydnocarpus kurzii Kaempferia galanga Kaempferia rotunda Ocimum gratisimum O. basilicum Plumbago indica P. zeylanica Rawolfia serpentina Tinospora cordifolia Zingiber purpureum
Medicinal Plants Exported Abroma augusta Adhatoda vasica Andrographis paniculata Cyperus rotundus Emblica officinalis Mimosa pudica Saraca indica Taractogenous kurzii Terminalia arjuna T. belerica T. chebula Zingiber officinale
Medicinal Plants Imported Acacia arabica Acorus calamus Aloe vera Anethum graveolens Asparagus racemosuss Atropa belladona Berberis vulgaris Cassia senna Cinnamomum verum C. tamala Cuminum cyminum Elettaria cardamomum Ferula asafoetida Glycerrhiza glabra Hydnocarpus kurzii Juglans regia Mesua ferrea Myrstica fragrans
Imported Plants Ocimum basilicum Pimpinella anisum Piper nigrum P. longim Pluntago ovata Rawolfia serpentina Rosa damascena Santalum album Solanum nigrum Strychnos nuxvomica Swertia chirata Syzigium aromaticum Tribulus terrestris Withania somnifera
R & D Institutes Institutes Major Fields BCSIR Laboratories, Chittagong Ethnomedicobotany, Conservation, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Antimicrobial, Herbal Formulations BCSIR, Dhaka Botany Deptt., Dhaka Univ. Pharmacy Deptt., Dhaka Univ. Chemistry Deptt, Dhaka Univ. Phytovhemistry, Tissue culture Ethnobotany, Tissue culture Phytocheemistry, Antimicrobial Phytochemistry, Bioactivity screening
Contd. Jahangirnagar University Chittagong University IPGMR BIRDEM BFRI, Chittagong Bangladseh National Herbarium Ethnopharmacology, Phytochemistry Ethnobotany, antimicrobial Pharmacological screening Antidiabetic Ethnobotany Ethnobotany, Biodiversity
Contd. DEBTEC, Dhaka Hamdard Laboratories ACME laboratories Bangladesh Neem Foundation Tissue culture, conservation Product evaluation, Plantation Anticancer screening Production & research
Major Achievements Amlaki syrup from Emblica officinalis Tea-cola from tea wastes Bel ORS from green Aegle marmelos Scopolamine hydrochloride from Datura fastusa Diosgenin from Costus speciosus Oil from Mentha arvensis
Contd. Menthol crystal from M. arvensis oil Neem tooth powder, paste, soap from Azadirachta indica Hair tonic from indigenous plants Basak Tea from Adhatoda vasica Antifungal fraction from plant Selection of active Antidiabetic plant
POLICIES AND MEASURES BY DIRECTORATE OF DRUG ADMINISTRATION, HEALTH MINISTRY Drug Evaluation Adverse reactions Supply management Quality assurance Packing & labeling Control of advertisement Penalty for manufacturing & sale of substandard drugs Penalty for unauthorized import Penalty for unperomited production.
NODAL AGENCY BCSIR LABORATORIES, CHITTAGONG (MAIN STATION) BCSIR, DHAKA BCSIR, RAJSHAHI
FUNCTIONS OF NODAL AGENCY Establishment of Website Collection of Traditional information's Market survey of Traditional Medicines Documentation of Traditional knowledge Budget preparation & creation of budget provision Formation of an Expert committee Arrangement of seminars and workshops
Requirements of Technologies Establishment of Hospitals with the Institutes dealt with traditional medicine Documentation of traditional knowledge Improvement & standardization of traditional products Training of traditional practitioners Establishment of clinical trial system
Requirements of Technologies Checking of abuse/misuse of traditional medicines caused by street vendors Information & communication technology International cooperation Formulation technology Analytical facilities etc.
BCSIR LABORATORIES, CHITTAGONG