Endocrine System Regulating Blood Sugar
Stress results in nervous and hormonal responses.
The adrenal glands are located above each kidney. Involved in stress response.
Stress Upsets Homeostasis
Stress Upsets Homeostasis detected by hypothalamus
Stress Upsets Homeostasis detected by hypothalamus Short Term Stress (Nervous System) spinal cord and Sympathetic NS Long Term Stress (Endocrine System) hormonal
Short Term Stress
Short Term Stress Adrenal Glands
Short Term Stress Adrenal Glands Adrenal Medulla
Short Term Stress Adrenal Glands Adrenal Medulla epinephrine norepinephrine
Short Term Stress Adrenal Glands Adrenal Medulla epinephrine norepinephrine increase glucose release -constricts blood vessels -increases heart rate
Short Term Stress Adrenal Glands Adrenal Medulla epinephrine norepinephrine increase glucose release Fight or Flight Response -constricts blood vessels -increases heart rate
Long Term Stress Anterior Pituitary Secretes ACTH Adrenal Glands Adrenal Cortex cortisol aldosterone save glucose, use fat for energy -increases Na+ and H2O absorption -increases blood pressure
Long Term Stress Anterior Pituitary Secretes ACTH
Long Term Stress Anterior Pituitary Secretes ACTH Adrenal Glands Adrenal Cortex
Long Term Stress Anterior Pituitary Secretes ACTH Adrenal Glands Adrenal Cortex cortisol aldosterone
Long Term Stress Anterior Pituitary Secretes ACTH Adrenal Glands Adrenal Cortex cortisol aldosterone save glucose, use fat for energy -increases Na+ and H2O absorption -increases blood pressure
Your hypothalamus can also impact: Your metabolism by stimulating your thyroid (weight gain or loss with stress) Your blood sugar level (stimulates pancreas)
Maintaining Blood Sugar Pancreas has islets of Langerhans, cells that secrete hormones 3 types: alpha cells glucagon beta cells insulin delta cells somatostatin
Eat Food increase blood glucose levels detected by Beta cells of pancreas
Eat Food increase blood glucose levels detected by Beta cells of pancreas secrete insulin Body Cells Liver
Eat Food increase blood glucose levels detected by Beta cells of pancreas secrete insulin Body Cells increase glucose intake Liver excess glucose to glycogen
Eat Food increase blood glucose levels detected by Beta cells of pancreas secrete insulin Body Cells increase glucose intake Liver excess glucose to glycogen decrease blood glucose level decrease blood glucose level
Fasting decrease blood glucose levels detected by Alpha cells of pancreas
Fasting decrease blood glucose levels detected by Alpha cells of pancreas secrete glucagon Liver
Fasting decrease blood glucose levels detected by Alpha cells of pancreas secrete glucagon Liver excess glycogen to glucose increase blood glucose level
Diabetes Diabetes if untreated it can cause blindness, nerve damage, kidney failure, impaired circulation symptoms: blurred vision, polyuria (frequent urination), weight loss, thirst
Diabetes 4 Types Type I: Juvenile Diabetes 10% born with this early breakdown of beta cells, don t make insulin have to get insulin shots
Diabetes 4 Types Type II: Adult Onset obesity related to diet
Diabetes 4 Types Diabetes insipidus: decrease in ADH secretion from the kidneys
Diabetes 4 Types Gestational diabetes 3 10% of pregnancies screening occurs while pregnant, treated with diet diabetes typically goes away after baby is born