College of Public Health and Human Sciences Occupational Safety and Ergonomics Laurel Kincl, PhD, Assistant Professor Brittany Heller, MPH student Environmental and Occupational Health
Outline of seminar Introductions Occupational Safety and Ergonomics Safety Voice for Ergonomics (SAVE) project Masonry industry SAVE intervention SAVE example 1
Laurel Kincl PhD in Occupational Safety & Ergonomics MS in Industrial Hygiene Department of Environmental Health University of Cincinnati BS Bioengineering Texas A&M University Assistant Professor: Environmental and Occupational Health College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University Adjunct Research Professor: Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
Brittany Heller MPH Candidate in Environmental and Occupational Health Anticipated Graduation June 2016 Oregon State University BS Environmental Science Graduation March 2013 Oregon State University Past OSH Experience: OSH Intern with Bend Research, Inc., and Caterpillar Future Plans: Risk Control Consultant program with Liberty Mutual in Portland, OR (June 2016) 3
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Musculoskeletal disorders OSHA defines MSDs as injury of the: Muscles Tendons Nerves Ligaments Joints Cartilage Spinal discs
MSDs accounted for 32% of all injuries and illness cases in 2014 6 http://www.bls.gov/news.release/archives/osh2_11192015.pdf
Ergonomics = Fitting the job to the worker Task Tools/ Equipment Environment
Domains of Ergonomics physical anatomical anthropometric physiological biomechanical cognitive mental processes organizational structure policies processes
Safety Voice for Ergonomics (SAVE) Laurel Kincl, PhD & Brittany Heller College of Public Health and Human Sciences, OSU Dan Anton, PT, PhD, ATC & Natalie Palmer, Kaya Mills, Liz Seidl, Nick Kelly, Darren Anderson, Ryan Houser, Garrett Doll, Michelle Frantilla, Kevin Euklein, Judy McMillan. Department of Physical Therapy, Eastern Washington University Jennifer Hess, DC, MPH, PhD Labor Education and Research Center, University of Oregon Doug Weeks, PhD St. Luke s Rehabilitation Institute
Collaborations Interdisciplinary team The Center for Construction Research and Training (CPWR) Grant # U60 OH009762-06 Construction ergonomics efforts CPWR resources into practice Masonry R2P Partnership BAC - IMI 10
Significance Construction Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WRMSDs) are decreasing. Brickmasons 142,000 in US (1.6%) WRMSDs #1 overexertion (66.5 per 10,000 FTE) #2 back injuries (45.3 per 10,000 FTE) 11 The Construction Chart Book, CPWR 2013
Physical Demands: How much does a bricklayer lift? 1 Day: 3.8 tons* 1 Week: 19 tons 1 Year: 950 tons * Based on an average of 200 blocks per day, 38 lbs each 12 April 21, 2016
Construction solutions Possible solutions not in the locus of control of masons 1) light weight block 2) H block or A block 3) 60 # bags or half weight cement bags 4) mechanical scaffolding 5) mortar mixers 6) grout delivery systems 7) half size pallets (of brick) Possible solutions within the locus of control of masons 1) lift teams with 10 block 2) ergonomic trowel / other tools 3) keep bricks/block at work height (between knees and shoulder) 13
SAVE Aims 1. Develop & integrate SAVE into apprenticeship training 2. Measure the effectiveness of SAVE Randomized controlled trial 3. Finalize & disseminate SAVE broadly 14 National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA2) Strategic Goals 7.0: MSDs 8.0: Construction safety and health culture 11.0: Training
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Development of SAVE Online Modules Lab Activity 16
ERGONOMICS SAFETY VOICE Intro to ergonomics Anatomy and neutral postures Cumulative trauma Awkward postures Lifting Prolonged and repetitive activities Solutions: engineering and administrative Solutions: work practices Intro to safety voice Rights and responsibilities What s the issue? Get advice Choose your goal Communicate Conflict resolution 17
Online Modules Adobe Captivate Challenges Advantages 18 April 21, 2016
E3: Cumulative Trauma Click Here 19
E3: Cumulative Trauma Lab Activity Key Points: Acute trauma is a significant injury that usually occurs in response to a single, identifiable event (e.g. a fall, being struck by a dropped object, etc) Cumulative trauma is the breakdown, over time, of muscles, tendons, or ligaments. Each instance of trauma is not notable, but as these build up, the body becomes more susceptible to acute trauma, and disabling injuries can emerge. Small non-ergonomic positions and movements can lead to injury over time. Objective: Understanding the difference between acute and cumulative trauma. Understand how small positions and movements can lead to injury over time Activity: Acute vs. Cumulative Each person gets to break: One piece of wood One piece of wire 20