Substance Abuse Among School Age Youth

Substance Abuse Among School Age Youth On December 10, 2014, the Board of Education requested a report regarding substance abuse among school age youth. Specifically, Board members requested information regarding: 1. The extent of the problem among students (within schools and outside of the school day) 2. Current prevention efforts by CCPS and best practices which we are unable to do at this time 3. Coordination of efforts with community agencies such as the Health Department and law enforcement agencies Following are supporting documents containing information and data which is summarized in the attached PowerPoint presentation to be shared with the Board of Education during their March 11, 2015 public meeting. Supporting Documents 1. Coordination Efforts Between CCPS & Community Agencies Page 1 2. CCPS Professional Development Page 2 3. Curriculum Overview Chart Page 3 4. Health Curriculum Indicators & Objectives Pages 4 6 5. YRBS High School Data Chart Page 7 6. YRBS Middle School Data Chart Pages 8 10 7. CCPS Nurses Information Page 11 8. Adolescent Substance Abuse Providers Page 12 1

CCPS Professional Development County-wide Risky Business Conference Student Assistance Training Health Teacher & Nurses Updates Current trend updates Focuses on prevention strategies, updates & support systems Student Services personnel & health teachers participated Funded by The Freemasons of Maryland 100 administrators & staff trained county-wide K 12 teachers and nurses updated on current trends throughout the year All administrators & staff throughout year In partnership with the Health Dept. including underage drinking coalition from July 2013 present: 29 parent nights in schools and various Carroll County communities with attendance ranging from 7 100+ participants 7 various school staff updates 44 presentations in middle and high schools 2

Health Education Curriculum Overview Standard 2.0: Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drugs MSDE Standard 2: Students will demonstrate the ability to use drug knowledge, decision-making skills, and health enhancing strategies to address, the non-use, use, and abuse of medications, alcohol, tobacco and other drugs. Required courses: GRADE OTC MEDICINE/ PRESCRIPTION TOBACCO ALCOHOL MARIJUANA PSYCHOACTIVE SYNTHETIC OTHER (Caffeine, Energy Drinks, Steroids) K 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Health 1 Curriculum emphasizes teaching students to build the following skills: Analyzing Influences different influences of heredity, environment, attitude, behavior, media and technology impact your health Accessing Information it is important to use reliable sources of health information for the content being presented Interpersonal communication exchange thoughts and feelings proactively with family, peers, and others to enhance health Decision making- demonstrate the steps that enable you and your peers to make healthy decisions Goal Setting Self-actualization and wellness takes planning and work Self-Management Practice healthy habits that reduce your health risks and enhance your quality of life Advocacy share and model your health knowledge to influence others to address a health-related concern or to support a health related cause Additional Initiatives: S.H.O.U.T = Students Helping Others and Understanding Themselves in Middle Schools High School Health Clubs TEG = Tobacco Education Group 3

Health Education Curriculum: Standard 2.0: Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drugs MSDE Standard 2: Students will demonstrate the ability to use drug knowledge, decision-making skills, and health enhancing strategies to address, the use, misuse, and abuse of medications, alcohol, tobacco and other drugs. Grade Level Indicator Objective Kindergarten Identify appropriate uses of List common medicines. First Second Third medicine. Identify appropriate uses of medicine. Identify how tobacco use harms health. Identify the physical effects of using alcohol. Identify practices for using medicine safely. Identify how tobacco use affects health. Identify physical consequences of the use of alcohol. Identify ways to say no to unsafe medicine/drug use. Identify safe practices for using prescription and Over the Counter (OTC) drugs. Identify and examine physical consequences of the use of tobacco. Identify physical consequences of the use of alcohol. 4 Discuss safe use of medicines. Define the term drug. Define the term medicine. Describe the functions of medicines. List products containing tobacco. Describe the harmful effects of tobacco such as hard to breathe, bad breath, stained teeth, cause disease. Distinguish alcohol as a drug. Identify products containing alcohol. Recognize that alcohol is unhealthy and illegal for children. Describe rules for taking medicine safely. Discuss how tobacco use can become a habit. Summarize the benefits of not using tobacco. Describe the short term effects of alcohol use on the body, for example blurred vision, lack of coordination, and slow reaction time. Demonstrate refusal skills to resist pressure to use drugs. Identify prescription and OTC drugs. Explain the importance of following directions when using medicines or other substances. List and describe appropriate uses for prescribed and OTC drugs. Recognize that tobacco products contain nicotine. Identify forms of tobacco, such as smoke or smokeless. Describe the effects of tobacco use and non-use, including second-hand smoke on the body. Demonstrate a personal commitment not to use tobacco. Describe the short term effects of alcohol use on the body, for example blurred vision, lack of coordination, and slow reaction time. Identify caffeine as a drug. List products that contain caffeine. Suggest alternative products which do not contain caffeine.

Fourth Fifth Sixth Seventh Identify and examine physical consequences of alcohol use. Identify safe practices for using prescription and OTC drugs. Develop and apply skills to resist pressure to use tobacco. Identify and examine physical, psychological, and social consequences of alcohol use. Identify marijuana as a psychoactive and illegal drug. Discuss the appropriate and inappropriate use of prescription and OTC drugs. Identify and examine physical, psychological, social and legal consequences of the use of tobacco. Differentiate the amount of ethanol in various alcoholic beverages, such as beer, wine and liquor. Describe the short and long-term effects of alcohol use and non-use on the body. Distinguish between prescription and OTC drugs. List ways to safely use medicine and/or OTC drugs. Recognize the internal and external influences on use of tobacco. Identify and practice strategies for dealing with peer pressure. Demonstrate ways to encourage others not to use tobacco. Identify the physical and psychological consequences of alcohol addiction. Discuss how the abuse of alcohol may affect others, such as drinking and driving. Explain the legal consequences of underage alcohol use and/or possession. Demonstrate strategies for dealing with peer pressure. Define psychoactive drugs. Describe the effects of marijuana on the body. Demonstrate strategies for dealing with peer pressure. Differentiate between prescription and OTC drugs. Identify examples of drug misuse and explain how they may be harmful. Describe the effects of tobacco use on wellness. Explain how secondhand smoke affects others. Identify legal and school consequences of tobacco use or possession. Explain the effects of caffeine. Describe the effects of caffeine use on wellness. Explain the potential harmful consequences of energy drinks. Identify and apply tobacco use prevention strategies. Investigate the consequences of alcohol use and abuse on the individual and society. Explain the effects of marijuana use. Demonstrate refusal skills for tobacco use. Identify long and short term effects of alcohol on the mind and body. Explain the harmful effects of marijuana on wellness. 5

Eighth Health 1 Distinguish between the appropriate and inappropriate use of prescription and OTC drugs and the resulting consequences. Describe the impact of addiction on individuals and society and identify resources for rehabilitation. Recognize and explain the legal ramifications of alcohol use and abuse in a variety of situations. Classify a variety of psychoactive drugs and identify the consequences of their use and abuse. Investigate effects of prescription and OTC drugs and resulting consequences. Identify factors that influence the use of tobacco, alcohol, and other drugs. Identify and examine physical, psychological, social, and legal consequences of the use of tobacco, alcohol, and other drugs. Distinguish between drug use, drug misuse and drug abuse as it relates to prescription and OTC drugs. Examine the risks and consequences of improper medicine use. Explain the effects of alcohol use on wellness. Describe diseases caused by alcohol abuse (cirrhosis, addiction, FAS) Recognize alcohol laws regarding driving and underage drinking. Identify the effects of heroin on wellness. Describe the process of addiction. Analyze the impact of addiction on the individual, family and society. Identify consequences of steroid use. Compare use, misuse, and abuse of prescription and OTC medications. Describe the impact of peer influence on the attitude and behaviors of youth in regard to the use of tobacco, alcohol, and other drugs. Discuss genetics as a predisposing risk factor of tobacco, alcohol, and other drugs. Interpret the legal issues and discuss the consequences of underage alcohol, tobacco use and/or possession. Forecast the physical consequences of short and long-term alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use. Advocate healthy choices regarding alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs. 6

2013 Maryland Youth Risk Behavior Survey (High School Only) Comparing MD Data to Carroll County DRUGS MD Data Carroll Data Percentage of students who smoked a whole cigarette for the first time before age 13 years. 8.0% 7.9% Percentage of students who smoked cigarettes on one or more of the past 30 days. 11.9% 13.6% Percentage of students who used chewing tobacco, snuff, or dip on one or more of the past 30 days. 7.4% 9.1% Percentage of students who smoked cigars, cigarillos, or little cigars on one or more of the past 30 days. 12.5% 11.9% Percentage of students who smoked cigarettes or cigars or used chewing tobacco, snuff, or dip on one 16.9% 18.7% or more of the past 30 days Percentage of students who had at least one drink of alcohol on one or more days of their life. 60.9% 61.0% Percentage of students who had their first drink of alcohol other than a few sips before age 13 years. 19.3% 16.8% Percentage of students who had at least one drink of alcohol on one or more of the past 30 days. 31.2% 35.0% Percentage of students who had five or more drinks of alcohol in a row, that is, within a couple of hours, 17.0% 21.4% on one or more of the past 30 days. Percentage of students who used marijuana one or more times during the past 30 days. 35.9% 29.3% Percentage of students who tried marijuana for the first time before age 13 years. 8.8% 6.1% Percentage of students who used marijuana one or more times during the past 30 days. 19.8% 18.2% Percentage of students who used a needle to inject any illegal drug into their body one or more times 3.9% 3.4% during their life. Above or Below State DRIVING MD Data Carroll Data Percentage of students who rode one or more times during the past 30 days in a car or other vehicle 20.7% 18.5% driven by someone who had been drinking. Among students who drove a car or other vehicle during the past 30 days the percentage who drove when they had been drinking alcohol one or more 8.8% 8.6% times during the past 30 days. Above or Below State 7

2013 Maryland Youth Risk Behavior Survey (Middle School Only) Comparing MD Data to Carroll County DRUGS MD Data Carroll Data Percentage of students who smoked a whole cigarette for the first time before age 11 years. 3.8% 1.8% Percentage of students who smoked cigarettes on one or more of the past 30 days. 3.9% 2.4% Percentage of students who used chewing tobacco, snuff, or dip on one or more of the past 30 days. 3.0% 1.3% Percentage of students who smoked cigars, cigarillos, or little cigars on one or more of the past 30 days. 4.2% 1.4% Percentage of students who smoked cigarettes or cigars or used chewing tobacco, snuff, or dip on one 5.6% 3.0% or more of the past 30 days Percentage of students who smoked cigarettes on 20 or more of the past 30 days. 0.7% 0.6% Among students who reported current cigarette use, the percentage who usually got their own cigarettes by buying them in a store or gas station during the past 10.0% 0.0% 30 days. Among students who bought or tried to buy cigarettes in a store during past 30 days, the percentage who 35.3% 0.0% were asked to show proof of age. Percentage of students who had someone refuse to sell them cigarettes because of their age during the 1.2% 0.4% past 30 days. Percentage of students who usually smoked menthol cigarettes during the past 30 days. 1.2% 1.3% Percentage of students, who usually smoked cigarillos or small cigars, blunts little cigars that look like brown cigarettes or some other type of cigar during the past 3.1% 1.2% 30 days. Percentage of students who live with someone who now smokes cigarettes or cigars. 39.0% 35.4% Percentage of students who describe the rule about smoking inside the home where they live is that it is 81.0% 85.2% never allowed inside their home. Percentage of students who were in the same room with someone who was smoking cigarettes on one or 22.6% 21.7% more of the past 7 days. Percentage of students who tried or used tobacco products (for example, cigarettes, cigars, cigarillos, Black & Milds, little cigars, or smokeless tobacco) for 6.5% 3.6% the first time during the past 12 months. Percentage of students who completely quit using all tobacco products during the past 12 months. 5.6% 2.3% Percentage of students who used some flavored tobacco product during the past 30 days. 3.5% 1.7% Above or Below State (good) 8

Percentage of students who used only flavored cigars, cigarillos, little cigars or only flavored smokeless tobacco products, or both flavored cigar products and flavored smokeless tobacco products during the past 30 days. Percentage of students who have smoked a 100 or more cigarettes (5 or more packs) during their life. Percentage of students who say definitely yes or probably yes that young people who smoke have more friends. Percentage of students who say definitely yes or probably yes that smoking makes young people look cool or fit in. Percentage of students who say definitely yes or probably yes that smokers have shorter lives than nonsmokers. Percentage of students who were taught in any of their classes about the dangers of tobacco use during the last school year. Percentage of students who responded that their parents would feel it would be wrong or very wrong for them to drink beer, wine, or hard liquor (such as vodka, whiskey, or gin) at least once or twice a month. Percentage of students who think people are at moderate or great risk of harming themselves (physically or in other ways) if they have one or two drinks of alcohol (beer, wine or liquor) nearly every day. Percentage of students who think people are at moderate or great risk of harming themselves (physically and in other ways) if they have five or more drinks of alcohol (beer, wine or liquor) once or twice a week. Percentage of students who ever rode in a car driven by someone who had been drinking alcohol. Percentage of students who had their first drink of alcohol other than a few sips before age 11 years. Percentage of students who had at least one drink of alcohol on one or more of the past 30 days. Percentage of students who ever had a drink of alcohol, other than a few sips. Percentage of students who used marijuana one or more times during the past 30 days. Percentage of students who ever used marijuana. Percentage of students who tried marijuana for the first time before age 11 years. Percentage of students who ever used any form of cocaine, including powder, crack, or freebase. 3.3% 1.7% 1.0% 0.7% 30.0% 11.9% 18.5% 7.7% 90.8% 94.4% 81.6% 94.5% 87.1% 88.8% 67.3% 73.4% 74.7% 84.7% 19.9% 21.1% 12.4% 8.2% 11.7% 7.2% 25.2% 17.0% 8.0% 3.9% 9.0% 4.7% 3.0% 1.5% 3.8% 2.0% (good) (good) (good) (good) (good) 9

Percentage of students who ever sniffed glue, breathed the contents of spray cans, or inhaled any 10.5% 6.9% paints or sprays to get high. Percentage of students who ever took steroid pills or shots without a doctor s prescription. 3.3% 1.3% Percentage of students who ever took a prescription drug (such as OxyContin, Percocet, Vicodin, codeine, Adderall, Ritalin, or Xanax) without a doctor s prescription. 6.8% 5.2% Percentage of students who took a prescription drug without a doctor s prescription one or more times 9.2% 6.9% during the past 30 days. Percentage of students who have ever used heroin (also called smack, junk or China White) 2.8% 1.6% Percentage of students who were offered, sold, or given an illegal drug by someone on school property during the past 12 months. 7.0% 4.1% 10

Health Services Collaboration Regarding Substance Abuse Professional Development: All nurses were trained on January 20, 2015 on Operation Save a Life/Overdose Response Overview. Topics covered: What is an Opioid? Recognizing Opioid Overdose Responding to an Opioid Overdose Tips for Preventing Opioid Overdose CCPS staff is currently working with the Carroll County Health Department to determine the need for a Naloxone program in the middle and high schools. Naloxone is a medication that can be administered intranasal to treat an opioid overdose. It knocks off opioids and binds to receptors, blocking the effects of opioids, quickly restoring breathing. The Supervisor of Health Services participates in the following committees: Carroll County Drug Overdose Fatality Review Team (DORFT) The purposes of forming the Carroll County DOFRT, as identified in Health-General Article 5-903, Annotated Code of Maryland, are to: Promote cooperation and coordination among agencies involved in investigations of drug overdose deaths or in providing services to surviving family members Develop an understanding of the causes and incidence of drug overdose deaths in the county Develop plans for and recommend changes within the agencies represented on the local team to prevent drug overdose deaths Advise the Department on changes to law, policy, or practice, including the use of devices that are programmed to dispense medications on a schedule or similar technology to prevent drug overdose deaths SMART (Screening, decision Making, Assessment, Referral and Treatment) It is a systematic approach to identifying children who are at risk for experiencing developmental and/or behavioral and social/emotional problems and ensuring their access to appropriate intervention and treatment. It is the intention of the program to improve local access to diagnostic and treatment services; as well as our ability to provide early identification and intervention to children across the continuum of need. This is integral as we know that early identification and intervention for developmental, behavioral and social/emotional needs is key for both overall prognosis and cost containment for the system. Carroll County Child Fatality Review (CFR) Team The purpose of CFR Team is to look at a seminal event (birth to age 18) and identify systems issues which could prevent a similar loss in the future. 11

ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE ABUSE PROVIDERS Carroll County Youth Service Bureau Villa Maria Behavioral Health Clinic 59 Kate Wagner Road 255 Clifton Blvd, Suite 302 Westminster, MD 21157 Westminster, MD 21157 410-848-2500 410-848-2037 www.ccysb.org www.catholiccharities-md.org Catoctin Counseling Center 63 E. Main Street, #8/9 Westminster, MD 21157 410-848-9176 www.catoctincounseling.com Cedar Ridge Counseling Centers 79 E. Main Street, Suite 400 Westminster, MD 21157 410-552-0773 www.cedarridgecounseling.com Granite House 288 E. Green Street Westminster, MD 21157 410-751-5970 www.granitehouse.org Main Street Community Mental Health Center 37 Main Street Reisterstown, MD 21136 410-526-7882 www.mainstreetmentalhealthinc.org New Path Counseling Center, LLC 250 Englar Road, Suite 3 Carroll Plaza Shopping Center Westminster, MD 21157 410-615-3469 www.jweb-designs.com/newpath.htm Progressive Counseling and Treatment Service, Inc. 266 E. Main Street Westminster, MD 21157 410-848-7848 Re-Entry Mental Health Services 48 S. Church Street, Suite 105 Westminster, MD 21157 410-848-9244 12