Procedure for Safeguarding Children Abused through Sexual Exploitation

Procedure for Safeguarding Children Abused through Sexual Exploitation May 2013 1

Contents 1. Purpose of the procedures 2. Definition of child sexual exploitation 3. Principles 4. Recognition of child sexual exploitation 5. Risk indicators 6. Response to child sexual exploitation 7. Threshold for Section 47 enquiries 8. CATE Care Pathway 9. Risk assessment panel 10. Young Person Multi-Agency Strategy Meeting 11. Dispute Resolution Appendices 1. CATE Care Pathway 2. Children Services Operational Pathway 3. Police Operational Pathway 4. Response Risk Assessment Levels 5. Roles and responsibilities of key staff 6. Resources: International Agreements and further reading 2

1. Purpose of the procedures 1.1 Telford & Wrekin s Safeguarding Children Board (LSCB) is committed to working together to recognise and tackle the problem of child sexual exploitation. This procedure outlines how we prevent abuse, provide children with opportunities and strategies to be made safe from abuse through exploitation and prosecute those who coerce, exploit and abuse children. 1.2 This procedure will provide a consistent and agreed multi agency response for use when responding to concerns relating to child sexual exploitation. It offers a Care Pathway known as the CATE (Children at Risk from Trafficking and Sexual Exploitation) Care Pathway that is proactive and integrated in its approach, enabling agencies to work together to: Implement local preventative strategies. Identify those children and young people at risk of sexual exploitation. Take action to safeguard and promote the welfare of particular children and young people who may be sexually exploited. To jointly take action against those intent on abusing and exploiting children and young people in this way. 1.3 Professionals should consult the LSCB Child Protection Procedures 6.6 for information related to but not covered in these procedures. 2. Definition of child sexual exploitation 2.1 The sexual exploitation of children is sexual abuse. The sexual exploitation of children is described in the government guidance 1 document as involving exploitative situations, contexts and relationships where young people (or third person or persons) receive something (e.g. food, accommodation, drugs, alcohol, cigarettes, affection, gifts, money) as a result of their performing, and / or another or others performing on them, sexual activities. It can occur through the use of technology without the child s immediate recognition; e.g. being persuaded to post sexual images on the internet/mobile phones without immediate payment or gain. In all cases, those exploiting the child have power over them by virtue of their age, gender, intellect, physical strength and/or economic or other resources. Violence, coercion and intimidation are common, involvement in exploitative relationships being characterised in the main by the child s limited availability of choice resulting from their social/economic and and/or emotional vulnerability. 1 Safeguarding Children and Young People from Sexual Exploitation Supplementary guidance to Working Together to Safeguard Children 2009 (https://www.education.gov.uk/publications/standard/publicationdetail/page1/dcsf-00651-2009 3

3. Principles 3.1 Due to the nature of child sexual exploitation, in particular the power of the grooming process and the potential for intimidation by perpetrators towards young people and their families, it has been recognised in Telford & Wrekin that using traditional safeguarding procedures as set out in Working Together does not offer safety to all young people who may be suffering or at risk from child sexual exploitation. The CATE Care Pathway has been developed as an alternative approach for safeguarding these young people. Young People aged 14years - 17 years are eligible for the CATE Care Pathway. 18 and 19 year olds can be referred directly to Targeted Youth Support (TYS) for support and interventions designed to help them to reduce their risk of sexual exploitation and to enable them to make more informed choices. CATE will remain working with those young people who they are already working with until an appropriate reduction in risk and an agreed exit strategy is in place to reduce the risk of exploitation. Children aged 13 years and under will automatically initiate child protection enquiries to be undertaken as set out in the Children Act 1989 (Section 47). The principles underpinning the multi agency response (CATE Pathway) to the sexual exploitation of children include that: The primary concern of anyone who comes into contact with a child who has been or at risk of being sexually exploited must be to safeguard and promote the welfare of the child; Identification and risk assessment of young people should be indicator based and not be reliant on evidence; Young People need to be enabled to make realistic choices and whenever possible, support and effective provision for exiting from the circumstances where they are being sexually exploited; Children and young people do not make informed choices to enter or continue to be sexually exploited, but do so from coercion, enticement, manipulation or desperation; Children under 16 cannot consent to sexual activity; sexual activity with children under the age of 13 is a statutory offence; With a child centred approach, action should be focused on the child s needs, including consideration of children with particular needs or sensitivities, and the fact that children do not always acknowledge what may be an exploitative or abusive situation; Many sexually exploited children have difficulty distinguishing between their own choices around sex and sexuality and the sexual activities they are coerced into. This potential confusion needs to be handled with care and sensitivity; Children involved in any form of sexual exploitation should be treated as the victims of abuse and their needs carefully assessed. The aim should be to protect them from further harm 4

and they should not be treated as criminals. The primary law enforcement response should be directed at perpetrators who groom children for sexual exploitation; The need for effective joint working between different agencies and professionals, underpinned by a strong commitment from managers at all levels, a shared understanding of the problem of sexual exploitation and effective coordination by the Safeguarding Children Board. Parents and carers have an important part in recognising sexual exploitation and keeping young people safe, so every effort will be made to offer support and advice and to refer on to appropriate services if necessary. 4. Recognition 4.1 Children are more vulnerable to abuse through sexual exploitation if they have experience of: Child sexual abuse; Domestic violence within the family; Family breakdown; Physical abuse and emotional deprivation; Bullying in or out of school; Family involvement in sexual exploitation; Parents with a high level of vulnerabilities (drug/alcohol, mental health, learning disability etc); Drug/alcohol, mental health or other difficulties themselves; Being looked after in residential care; Going missing frequently. 5. Risk Indicators 5.1 Parents, carers (including foster carers and staff in children s homes), teachers, youth workers, health staff and practitioners from all agencies must be alert to the following behaviours that may indicate a child s involvement (or grooming for involvement), but are not conclusive signs in themselves: Physical symptoms, for example: sexually transmitted infections, or bruising suggestive of either physical or sexual assault; Possession of amounts of money and/or expensive clothes or other possessions without plausible explanation; Self harming behaviour; Substance, drug and alcohol abuse; Reports from reliable sources suggesting the child is being sexually exploited such as involvement in prostitution or noticed in places where soliciting occurs; 5

Leaving the home in clothing which could be associated with prostitution activities; Having contact with children who are known to be involved in sexual exploitation / prostitution; Having contact with unknown adults outside the usual range of the child s social contacts/activities; Development of a relationship, usually with someone older, who encourages emotional dependence and controls the relationship by violence and threats; Being picked up by unauthorised adults in cars; An adult loitering outside the home to meet up with the child; Emails/MSN Text messages/phone calls or letters from adults outside the child s usual range of social contacts; Accounts of social activities with no plausible explanation of the source of the necessary funding; Persistently leaving their home without permission, or late return with no plausible explanation; Truanting from school; Missing from home (including foster care and children s homes) with no known base; Having keys to unknown premises; Returning from being missing looking well-cared for, in spite of having no known base. 6. Response to Child Sexual Exploitation 6.1 The suspicion of concerns that a child may be being sexually exploited must always trigger these procedures to ensure the child s safety and welfare, and to enable the Police to gather evidence about abusers and coercers. 6.2 Emergency Action - 999 In the case of a life or limb situation the appropriate emergency services should be contacted immediately. Where it is apparent that a child is being immediately abused and exploited or subjected to violence or coercion by pimps or `clients`, urgent contact should be made with the Police. Young people found by the police at immediate risk of sexual exploitation will be found a safe place by the police. If the child or young person is reluctant to accept the safe place the police should consider placing the child or young person into Police Protection and should always make contact with the Council s Emergency Social Work Duty Team. The police will inform the Public Protection Unit and the Team Leader of the Safeguarding Advisors Team. A strategy discussion will take place between the police and the Team Leader, 6

Safeguarding Advisors Team and a decision will be made as to whether the child protection procedures will need to be instigated or whether it is appropriate to commence the CATE Care Pathway. The police will follow their operational pathway as illustrated in appendix 3. 6.3 Looked After Children If there are concerns that a looked after child is being sexually exploited the following action should be taken: Foster Carers must immediately report their concerns to the child s social worker and their own supervising social worker. If becoming concerned out of normal working hours the foster carer must make contact and inform the Emergency Duty Team. Depending on the individual immediate circumstances for the child it may be that the foster carer needs to ensure that the police are informed (see 6.2) Staff in Children s Homes must report concerns to the registered manager or appropriate manager of the Home, who must refer the concern to the child s social worker and to Telford & Wrekin Family Connect, Safeguarding Advisors Team on 01952 385385 who will liaise with the child s social worker and agree the appropriate response to the concerns raised. When concerns are identified regarding a looked after child, the child s social worker must immediately inform their Team Manager and Service Delivery Manager. Consideration must be given as to whether a strategy meeting should be convened either under the CATE Pathway or statutory child protection procedures. Consideration must be given to whether the child s statutory review needs to be brought forward. The strategy meeting as well as the usual items for discussion at such meetings should also include: Risks to other children in placement Whether the child should remain in the placement Decisions about informing or withholding information from the child s parent/carer What immediate measures are able to be put in place to reduce risk to the child Where a group of children are looked after by the Local Authority action should be taken to ensure that the CATE Pathway is fully instigated and that statutory Review meetings, care planning meetings, on each child result in consistent plans in respect of the coordinated involvement in sexual exploitation. 7

When there is suspicion of group CSE activity involving children looked after the Service Delivery Manager for Safeguarding Advisory Service is to be informed who will ensure overall coordination for the group of children takes place. The Service Delivery Manager, Safeguarding Advisory Service will arrange for the Assistant Director, Safeguarding and the Independent Chair of the LSCB to be notified. 7. The Threshold for Section 47 Enquiries: The minimum threshold for Section 47 (Child Protection) Enquiries is: The child is aged 13 or younger. Concern that abuse through sexual exploitation is being actively encouraged by a parent / carer Concern that abuse through sexual exploitation is facilitated by the parent / carer failing to protect the child Concern that a related or unrelated adult, in a position of trust or responsibility to the child, is organising or encouraging abuse through sexual exploitation 8. CATE Care Pathway (appendix 1) 8.1 In the event of an agency or professional having concerns that a young person is being or is at risk of being sexually exploited a CATE referral form (appendix 5) should be completed and sent to Family Connect, Safeguarding Advisors Team. 8.2 Parents/carers/ members of the public should telephone Family Connect on 01952 385385 where they will be guided and assisted to give their information. 8.3 On receipt of the referral into the Safeguarding Advisors Team the details will be checked and added to the Integrated Children s System (Protocol) The Team Leader for the Safeguarding Advisors Team will assess the information contained within the referral and a decision will be made within 24 hours as to the appropriate action required being one of the following: a) Continuation of CATE Care Pathway b) Not appropriate for CATE Care Pathway as Child Protection Procedures need to be instigated (the threshold for section 47 enquiries is met). c) Not considered to be CSE; signposting to another service is required. 8

8.4 The Team Leader for Safeguarding Advisors Team will ensure that feedback is provided within 24 hours to the referrer as to what the outcome of the referral is at this stage. 8.5 In all cases where it has been decided that the appropriate response to the referral is the continuation of the CATE Care Pathway the Safeguarding Advisors Team Leader will send the referral through to Targeted Youth Support (TYS) for allocation consideration via the CATE email box. 8.6 A key aspect of the CATE Care Pathway is the involvement of a Targeted Youth CATE practitioner. Many of the young people involved in CSE have difficulty in accepting support from police officers or social workers however, will fully engage with a Targeted Support Youth Worker (TYS). 8.7 The referral is considered by the Group Manager Cohesion Service for allocation to a TYS CATE Practitioner (Refer to appendix 2) for pathway detail) The TYS CATE Practitioner within 5 working days will commence an initial risk assessment process, making a first home visit within 5 working days of allocation. The risk assessment should be completed within 20 working days and the outcome of the risk assessment to be presented to the Risk Assessment Panel which is held monthly. In the event of the risk assessment indicating a high level of risk then, with the agreement of the Group Manager or Safeguarding Advisors Team Leader, pre Risk Assessment Panel CATE Strategy Meetings may take place to ensure that young people s immediate safeguarding needs are considered and responded to from a planned multi agency perspective without delay. 8.8 Possible assessed levels of Risk: Low Risk (Green): Vulnerable children/young people at risk of being targeted and groomed for sexual exploitation Medium Risk (Amber): Child/young person targeted for opportunistic abuse through the exchange of sex for attention, food, gifts, accommodation and drugs. The likelihood of coercion and control significant High Risk (Red): Child/young person whose sexual exploitation is habitual, often self defined and where coercion / control is implicit 9. Risk Assessment Panel 9.1 The Risk Assessment Panel is convened monthly and membership consists of: 9

Social Care Team Leader, Safeguarding Advisors Team and chair of the Risk Assessment Panel or the Senior Social Worker, Safeguarding Advisor Team. TYS CATE Practitioner Police The designated CSE Detective Sergeant situated within the Public Protection Unit. Health Representative Education Representative Other professionals by invitation as appropriate to the needs of the young person. Any key professionals working with the young person. 9.2 The purpose of the Risk Assessment Panel is to consider: The risk assessment information presented by the TYS CATE Practitioner. To consider any police intelligence To consider any other agency information. As a panel to complete a multi agency assessment of risk - identifying the level of risk for the young person (coded green, amber or red) To consider any immediate action that is required to be taken. To consider the wider needs of the young person and to instigate assess to appropriate resources for the young person. 9.3 For all young people where the level of risk is assessed as being coded amber or red consideration is given once again as to whether the CATE Care Pathway remains appropriate. The criteria used at point 7 is the test used to determine this. If it is considered not appropriate to continue with the CATE Care Pathway the Child Protection Procedures will be instigated at this point. 9.4 If it is appropriate to continue with the CATE Care Pathway a Young Person Multi Agency Sexual Exploitation Strategy Meeting will be convened for all young people where the level of assessed risk is high amber or red. 9.5 Refer to Appendix 5 which illustrates the action and response that will be provided by the TYS in order to meet the needs of the young person dependant on the outcome of the risk assessment. 10. Young Person Multi-Agency Sexual Exploitation Strategy Meeting 10.1 Purpose The meeting will share information, discuss the level of risk and explore the reasons for this level of concern for the young person. The purpose of the meeting is to develop a CATE support plan to 10

reduce risk for the young person, to support parents/carers and to take action on offenders. 10.2 The young person and his/her parents/carers will be encouraged to attend the strategy meeting as they are considered to be central to the success of the discussion and development of the care plan. It is important that the young person is involved as fully as possible in all decisions that are made in respect of them. 10.3 Attendees: Chairperson - Team Leader, Safeguarding Advisors Team Young Person Parent/Carer Police CSE Designated Detective Sergeant (or police representative appointed by the DS within Public Protection Unit. TYS CATE Practitioner Other professionals as considered appropriate. 10.4 Following the Young Person Multi Agency Strategy Meeting the care plan is implemented as agreed at the meeting. The care plan will be reviewed at Review Strategy Meetings which will also review the current risk assessment in place for the young person. The frequency of these Reviews will be decided at the Strategy and Review meetings and will be dependant on the individual need of the young person. Review strategy meetings will continue until the level of assessed risk to the young person has been reduced to low amber/green whereby a Resolution meeting will provide an exit strategy via a Team Around the Child (TAC) Meeting. The young person will continue to be supported by the TAC led by the identified Lead Professional. 10.5 The TYS Senior CATE Practitioner will receive as a minimum monthly clinical supervision from the Group Manager Cohesion Services (Qualified social worker). The Team Leader TYS and the TYS Senior CATE Practitioner will supervise the CATE Practitioner s day to day activities. In addition to this the TYS CATE Practitioners are able to access immediate advice and support from the Senior Social Worker, Safeguarding Advisors Team as required. 10.6 Families of children/young people who may be involved in sexual exploitation will be offered support from either Early Intervention Teams or Cohesion Services, or external supportive services dependant on the level of assessed need within the family. 11. Dispute Resolution 11.1 Where there may be a dispute amongst professionals as to the level of support required to be provided to children/young people or their families the professionals should bring this to the attention of their line 11

manager and a discussion to take place manager to manager. If this is not successful in resolving issues the relevant Service Delivery Managers (or equivalent) will become involved to find solutions to the disputed issues. http://westmerciaconsortium.proceduresonline.com/chapters/p_res_prof_dis.h tml Document Governance: Title Purpose/scope Subject key words Priority Lead author & contact details Date of report October 2012 Version Version (2) Sign-off status Pending Period applicable Distribution/circulation Procedure for Safeguarding Children Abused through Sexual Exploitation Description of the Service Provision Tina Knight, Telford & Wrekin Council Tel: 01952 385686 12

Young Person comes to Police attention Police find a young person at immediate risk of sexual exploitation Safe place found for young person Police Tag for PPU Social Care Safeguarding Manager informed Appendix 1 CATE CARE PATHWAY Carers / Parents implicated in SE or knowingly fail to prevent it. or/and Child aged 13 yrs or under Young Person Comes to Attention of any referring agency/self referral/police referral Referrer completes CATE referral and submits to Safeguarding Advisor Team Team Leader, Safeguarding Advisor Team assesses information. Carers / Parents implicated in SE or knowingly fail to prevent it. Child aged 13 yrs or under Social Care Response Initial strategy discussion/meeting held YES NO Red & Amber NO YES NB Child Protection Procedures followed Young Person Multi-Agency Sexual Exploitation Strategy Meeting Chaired by Team Leader, Safeguarding Advisor Team. Attended by appropriate representative from relevant agencies. Purpose: o to create a core plan o Support Parents o Take action on offenders Child Protection Procedures followed Targeted Youth Support CATE Practitioner Response TYS CATE Practitioner undertakes Information Assessment involving other agencies and young person 1. Individual meetings feed into wider picture and intelligence gathering in order for police to be able to case-build and arrest offenders based on strongest possible evidence. SE Strategy Meeting Review(s) Purpose Share information Review risk Review core plan Resolution Meeting Exit Strategy via TAC or CIC 13 Risk Assessment Panel Chaired by Team Leader, Safeguarding Advisor Team Purpose to consider Police intelligence, Agency information and CATE practitioner information and potential referral to MAPPA when appropriate. Assessment of risk completed green/amber/red Immediate action identified Green Preventive / Educative Programme Short-term

Appendix 2 Children s Service s Operational Pathway Sexual Exploitation CATE TARGETED Youth Support Response CATE Referral Received and considered by Safeguarding Advisor Team CATE referral recorded on Protocol Sent to CATE email box Group manager Cohesion (Team Leader TYS) & Senior TYS CATE considers referral Home Visit to be arranged within 5 days to complete introduction process and Initial Risk Assessment No Role for CATE (agreed by team leader) Consider signposting to other interventions through Early Intervention Services Risk Assessment Form Completed Disclosure made by Young Person Criminal Offence Allocate to Senior TYS CATE Worker YES Call Risk Panel Meeting Risk Assessment Panel outcome Risk Assessment Panel outcome Appropriate for CATE allocation NO NO - No Further Action Recorded on Protocol Consider signposting to other interventions through Early Intervention Services LOW/LOW MED GREEN LOW MED/MED/MED HIGH AMBER MED HIGH/HIGH RED Police PPU informed Refer to Police Pathway 14 Refer to Risk Panel Pathway

Appendix 3 Police Operational Sexual Exploitation Pathway Call Log: OIS/ NIR/ Crime stoppers No File Closed Initial attendance Response deployment and tag created (DVU/FPU) Investigation Crime Identified (outcome from initial attendance) Yes CO1 recorded with SE marker No disclosure but concerns of Sexual Exploitation as per definition Allocation (department to be identified) by PPU to e.g. TPU CID/PPU/LPT/Response) Refer to PPU CO1 recorded with SE marker Child Protection Strategy Meeting with helpdesk/edt CATE Referral from PPU to Helpdesk Joint S47 investigation No further police involvement Case Filed Disclosure of Criminal Offence to CATE 15

Appendix 4 - RISK PANEL DECISION Targeted Youth Support Action GREEN LOW LOW MED TYS Senior CATE Practitioner to consider CAF preparation for referral if appropriate Further action NFA Referral to Early Intervention Referral to other services Prepare closure summary for case If at any time safeguarding issues come to light then the case worker refers straight to Safeguarding Advisors Team and or the Police if a criminal offence is committed 16

AMBER LOW MED MED MED HIGH Follow GREEN route Allocated to CATE worker Follow RED route 6 weeks agreed intervention programme Complete CAF if not in place and initiate TAC process as appropriate Review and sign off risk assessment with TYS Senior CATE Practitioner within 6 weeks or if significant event occurs OUTCOME OF RISK REVIEW LOW-LOW MED MED MED-MED HIGH Follow GREEN route Repeat 6 week intervention stage above Follow RED route If at any time safeguarding issues come to light then the Case Worker refers straight to Safeguarding Advisors Team and or the Police if a criminal offence is committed 17

RED MED HIGH HIGH Allocate to CATE worker Call strategy meeting for next available slot but within 2 weeks Allocated worker to prepare detailed report for strategy meeting and provide these to Chair and CATE TYS prior to the meeting At least weekly face to face meetings for 6 weeks intervention programme Allocated worker to review risk assessment monthly with Senior TYS CATE Allocated worker to update risk assessment prior to 6 week strategy meeting Attend review strategy meeting REVIEW STRATEGY MEETING OUTCOME Risk reduced to LOW-LOW MED Risk reduced to MED Risk remains HIGH If identified risk is reduced call this a Resolution meeting Follow AMBER route Repeat steps above Follow GREEN route If at any time safeguarding issues come to light then the Case Worker refers straight to Safeguarding Advisors Team and or the Police if a criminal offence is committed 18

Appendix 5 Roles and Responsibilities of key staff The CATE Care Pathway involves the active and direct involvement of: Cohesion Services Targeted Youth Support Police Public Protection Unit Children s Safeguarding Family Connect, Safeguarding Advisor Team Safeguarding Advisory Service CSE Safeguarding Specialist The purpose of this document is to clarify the individual roles and responsibilities of the above service areas/partners to assist in the ongoing smooth running of the CATE Care Pathway. Cohesion Services Targeted Youth Support (TYS) Senior TYS CATE Practitioner To deliver a Tier 3 Targeted Youth Support Service for children and young people affected by CSE. To undertake all initial CSE risk assessments and present these to the Risk Assessment Panel. To ensure that young people are supported through the correct pathways i.e. Cohesion / Early Intervention pathway; the CATE pathway; Safeguarding s47 pathway; youth, community and voluntary agencies. To coordinate Risk Panel and Strategy Meetings To supervise, train and mentor TYS support workers in the CSE aspect of their work to enable them to undertake assessments and deliver an element of the TYS CSE service. To plan and deliver interventions to reduce the risk and enable positive outcomes for those affected by CSE. To ensure young people receive appropriate services to enable them to recover from CSE. To pass information between agencies including the police to support the protection of young people and the disruption and prosecution of perpetrators. To deliver multi agency CSE training. To seek safeguarding advice from the Senior Social Worker, Safeguarding Advisor Team when appropriate. To draw to the attention of the CSE Safeguarding Specialist any difficulties identified within the CATE Care Pathway. TYS - CATE Practitioner To undertake assessments of young people who may be a victim of CSE and to deliver direct supportive interventions under the day to day supervision and guidance of the Senior TYS CATE Practitioner. 19

TYS Team Leader Responsible for the day to day delivery of services working alongside the Senior CATE Practitioner ensuring that staff within TYS are skilled in CSE and that they fully understand their roles and responsibilities. Group Manager TYS Responsible for designing and implementing operationally the strategic developments as identified by the Cohesion Service Delivery Manager. Responsible for ensuring the delivery of a quality service in respect of the TYS role within the CATE Pathway. Responsible for the line management of the TYS Senior CATE Practitioner including the provision of clinical supervision. To attend and participate in meetings associated with the CATE Pathway when requested to do so. To progress actions as identified within the CATE Action Plan. Cohesion Service Delivery Manager Responsible for the strategic overview of the TYS Service with the autonomy to be flexible in tailoring services to meet the support needs of individual young people and their families. To attend LSCB CATE Subgroup meetings and to progress actions as identified in the CATE Action Plan. To encourage and support others in progressing their CATE Action Plan tasks within the TYS / Cohesion Services. To supervise the Group Manger Coordinating partnership support to victims and developing strategic plans to address offending behaviour. Police Detective Sergeant Police operational lead within the Public Protection Unit supervising a team of police detectives who would respond to complaints of CSE. The day to day identification of CSE victims and ensuring that other police officers are doing the same. Assist in the development of CSE training programmes. To be the primary operational police officer liaising with the Senior CATE Practitioner and Safeguarding Team Leader on matters relating to the CATE Care Pathway and CSE. To attend and participate in CATE Care Pathway Risk Assessment Panel and Strategy Meetings. To provide / share information at the Risk Assessment Panel. 20

Detective Inspector To provide a strategic police lead for CSE including the development and implementation of CSE policy and procedures within the police force. To develop and promote the facilitation of CSE training programmes to the police. To line manage the Detective Sergeant To attend CATE Care Pathway Risk Assessment Panel and Strategy Meetings when appropriate. To support the work of the CATE Care Pathway. Children s Safeguarding Safeguarding Advisor Team Senior Social Worker To identify CSE referrals received by the Safeguarding Advisor Team making recommendations to the Safeguarding Advisor Team Leader as to the appropriate pathway to be followed i.e. CATE Care Pathway, TYS CSE support or Safeguarding child protection enquiry. To provide safeguarding advice and consultation when requested by professionals who are providing a direct service to young people affected by CSE. To chair Risk Assessment Panels when requested to do so by the Team Leader. To attend CATE Care Pathway strategy meetings when requested to do so by the Team Leader. To receive and provide information (in line with data protection and Human Rights legislation) relating to young people affected by CSE. Safeguarding Advisor Team Team Leader To chair CATE Care Pathway Risk Assessment Panel and Strategy Meetings. To oversee and provide the operational safeguarding element of the CATE Care Pathway To ensure that young people involved in the CATE Care Pathway are supported by a multi agency care plan that is focused on reducing the risk of continued CSE for the young person. To raise any difficulties in the running of the CATE Care Pathway with the CSE Safeguarding Specialist. Responsible for identifying those young people where it is not appropriate for the CATE Care Pathway to be used and where the appropriate level of response is a statutory child protection service (S47). Ensuring that young people receive this service. To attend any meetings as requested relating to the actual or the maintenance of the CATE Care Pathway. To supervise the Senior Social Worker, Safeguarding Advisor Team. 21

Child Protection and Assessment, Service Delivery Manager To have an overview of the activity of the Team Leader and Senior Social Worker. To supervise the Team Leader and provide support as necessary and is appropriate to ensure that the Safeguarding duties within the CATE Care Pathway are fulfilled to a quality standard. Assistant Director Safeguarding To chair the LSCB CATE Subgroup To support as necessary and appropriate the activities of the CATE Care Pathway and associated CSE issues within the Council. Safeguarding Advisory Service Conference & Review Manager Offer specialist safeguarding CSE advice and consultation to operational staff and strategic managers relating to CSE practice, procedure, policy and process etc. To ensure that the CATE Care Pathway is maintained and remains fit for purpose. Ensure that CSE LSCB policy and procedure is adhered to by professionals. Chair complex CSE strategy meetings i.e. organised abuse. CATE Action Plan lead Attend/convene meetings as appropriate relating to developments in CSE matters within the Council. Provide CSE related information to the DFS as appropriate. Undertake quality assurance activity as required i.e. themed audit 22

Appendix 6 Resources: International Agreements and further reading RESOURCES: Local Dispute Resolution http://westmerciaconsortium.proceduresonline.com/chapters/p_res_prof_dis.html RESOURCES: International agreements United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989) and its Optional Protocol on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography (2000). Council of Europe Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings (2005). Council of Europe Convention on Action Against Trafficking in Human Beings Council of Europe Convention on the Protection of Children against Sexual Exploitation and Sexual Abuse (2007). Sexual abuse against children Further reading ACPO (2004). Policing Prostitution: ACPO s policy, strategy and operational guidelines for dealing with exploitation and abuse through prostitution. ACPO (2005). Guidance on the Management, Recording and Investigation of Missing Persons. Brown, K (2006). Participation and young people involved in prostitution. Child Abuse Review Volume 15, no. 5, 294-312. Barnardo s (2011). Puppet on a String The Urgent Need to Cut Children Free from Sexual Exploitation. CEOP (2011). Out of Mind, Out of Sight, Thematic Assessment. Chase, E and Statham, J (2005). Commercial and Sexual Exploitation of Children and Young People in the UK: A Review. Child Abuse Review, Volume 14, 4-25. Coy, M (2007). Young women, local authority care and selling sex: findings from research. British Journal of Social Work Advanced Access. Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Association of Social Workers. CROP (2004). Advice to parents who are concerned that their child is in an exploitative relationship. CROP (2007). Stop! She s my daughter. Mothers of abuse victims share their stories of grooming and child sexual exploitation in the UK. CROP (2008). A Guide to Parent Support Work. A worker s guide to supporting parents affected by the sexual exploitation of their children. Crown Prosecution Service/Department of Health/Home Office (2005). Provision of therapy for child witnesses prior to a criminal trial: practice guidance. Crown Prosecution Service (2006). Children and Young People: CPS Policy on prosecuting criminal cases involving children and young people as victims and witnesses. Statutory guidance on children who run away and go missing from home or care. DfE (July 2009) https://www.education.gov.uk/publications/standard/publicationdetail/page1/dcsf-00670-2009 23

Harper, Z and Scott, S (2005). Meeting the needs of sexually exploited young people in London. Barnardo s. Harris J and Robinson B (2007). Tipping the Iceberg: A pan Sussex study of young people at risk of sexual exploitation and trafficking. Barnardo s, Page 19 of 21. HM Government (2010). Working Together to Safeguard Children: A guide to interagency working to safeguard and promote the welfare of children. The Stationery Office HM Government (2007). UK Action Plan on Tackling Human Trafficking. The Stationery Office HM Government (2007). Staying Safe: Action Plan. Department for Children, Schools and Families. HM Government (2008). Safeguarding Children who may have been Trafficked. Department for Children, Schools and Families. HM Government (2008). Information Sharing Guidance. Department for Children, Schools and Families. Home Office (2006). A Coordinated Prostitution Strategy and a summary of responses to Paying the Price. The Central Office of Information. Jago, S and Pearce J (2008). Gathering evidence of the sexual exploitation of children and young people: a scoping exercise. University of Bedfordshire Melrose M (ed.) with Barrett D (2004). Anchors in floating lives: Interventions with young people sexually abused through prostitution. Russell House Publishing Pearce J J (2007). Sex, risk and resilience in adolescence in Coleman, J and Hagell, A, Adolescence, Risk and Resilience: against the odds, John Wiley: 63-69. Pearce J J (2006). Who needs to be involved in safeguarding sexually exploited young people? Child Abuse Review, Volume 15, no. 5, 326-340. Skidmore, P and Lillywhite R (2006). Boys are not sexually abused? A challenge to practitioners. Child Abuse Review, Volume 15, no. 5, 351-36 Swann, S and Balding V (2002). Safeguarding Children Involved in Prostitution: Guidance Review. Department of Health. Ward, J and Patel N (2006). Broadening the Discussion on Sexual Exploitation : Ethnicity, Sexual Exploitation and Young People. Child Abuse Review: Volume 15, no. 5, 341-350. 24