Gender in EEP projects emerging findings Lisa Gahan, KPMG Human and Social Development 11 th April 2017
Content Gender in energy projects About the EEP gender study Emerging findings Next steps 2
Introduction The overall objective of the Energy and Environment Partnership (EEP) is to contribute to the reduction of poverty by promoting an inclusive green economy and by improving energy security in the Southern and East Africa regions while mitigating global climate change. What is the relevance of gender in energy projects? 3
Gender and energy Progress has been made in recent decades to raise the level of gender equality but women are still much less likely to have access or control over productive and natural resources and have less access to modern technologies or financial services, and receive poorer education, training and technical advice. They are also more likely to suffer violence and exploitation, and receive lower pay for their work. Until these inequalities are eliminated, women, who make up the bulk of the world s poor, will continue to suffer disproportionately from poverty and be more likely to endure limited economic and social opportunities (United Nations Industrial Development Organisation UNIDO) 4
Sustainable development goals Directly contribute to: Also contribute to: 5
Benefits for women and girls What does having access to sustainable energy services mean for women and girls? Less time spent collecting biofuels More time available for education Increased skills and job opportunities for women Increased household income Increased financial independence Increased time for social and political interaction 6
What is gender mainstreaming? To ensure that men and women can equally access, participate, and benefit from development projects, and that gender inequalities in activities and outcomes are reduced or eliminated, gender differences need to be considered during the entire project cycle - from design and implementation to monitoring and evaluation This strategy is known as gender mainstreaming 7
What is gender mainstreaming? (cont.) United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) 1997 definition: [Gender mainstreaming] is the process of assessing the implications for women and men of any planned action, including legislation, policies, or programmes, in any area and at all levels. It is a strategy for making women s as well as men s concerns and experiences an integral dimension in the design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of policies and programmes in all political, economic, and societal spheres so that women and men benefit equally and inequality is not perpetuated. The ultimate goal is to achieve gender equality 8
EEP Gender Study Knowledge Exchange Forum - EEP 3 December 2015 9
Objectives The gender study will: Explore the extent to which gender mainstreaming is being done in current projects Identify the achievements, challenges, and opportunities related to gender mainstreaming Use global leading practices to inform how to strengthen gender equality and increase benefits from a gender focus 10
Approach and methodology DESKTOP REVIEW Current project locations Uganda Kenya INTERVIEWS Tanzania Rwanda Burundi Seychelles Comoros ONLINE SURVEY Zambia Mozambique Namibia Botswana ANALYSIS OF FINDINGS Lesotho South Africa Swaziland 11
Framework of analysis 1. PROJECT LIFECYCLE 2. INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS REPORT 1 3 2 Gender expertise Gender representation Funding & budgeting Attitudes 12
Progress to date DESKTOP REVIEW ONLINE SURVEY INTERVIEWS Thank you to those that have participated this far! 37 survey responses to date Sample of 11 projects selected for interviews and document review Sample is best in class want to determine why they are successful in gender mainstreaming and draw lessons and guidelines for other projects ANALYSIS OF FINDINGS 13
Emerging findings Knowledge Exchange Forum - EEP 3 December 2015 14
Gender relevance 11% Gender-targeted 51% 30% Significant gender dimensions Limited gender dimensions More that 50% of the respondents indicated that their projects will significantly contribute to gender equality and/or women s empowerment, but is secondary objective 5% Minimal gender dimensions 15
Project Information TYPE OF ORGANISATION 65% A large majority of respondents were private companies. Other organisations included social enterprises, NGO s and NPO s TYPES OF PROJECTS 41% Scale up 32% Pilot ENERGY SECTOR PROJECTS CATEGORY 32% Solar PV 14% cookstove 14% bio-mass 14% Hybrid/ multienergy solutions 15% Energy efficiency 85% Renewable energy 16
Emerging findings PROJECT LIFECYCLE 3 REPORT 1 2 Themes Commitment to gender equality and results shown but potential to better institutionalise Projects may benefit from more structured analysis and gender expertise during design May need to plan supplementary activities to break down barriers to gender equality Design and planning better than monitoring and reporting 17
Project design? NEEDS ASSESSMENT OR ANALYSIS THEORY OF CHANGE OR LOG FRAME 57% NO 35% YES not detailed or formal 65% YES have a theory of change or log frame their project 3% YES documented analysis MEASURABLE PERFORMANCE INDICATORS CONSULTATION WITH BENEFICIARIES 41% Do not measure by gender 84% YES, interviews and/or focus groups with target beneficiaries 32% Specific indicators to measure gender activities, outputs and/or outcomes 16% NO, consultation was not formally done 30% Main project indicators disaggregated by gender 18
Project design (cont.) TYPES OF BENEFITS IDENTIFIED FOR WOMEN AND GIRLS FROM THE PROJECT 16% employment 16% access to energy 14% income generating 46% of the respondents indicated a combination of the benefits, with some even indicated all Reduced energy cost Access to energy Employment Time saving from energy efficiency Safety Income generation Improved health outcomes from cleaner energy Skills development and training 19
Project design (cont.) BASELINE DATA FOR INDICATORS GENDER GUIDELINES TO INFORM PROJECT DESIGN 32% 38% 30% YES N/A NO 73% 22% GENDER EXPERT INVOLVED IN PROJECT DESIGN STAGE OF THE VALUE CHAIN WHERE GENDER CONSIDERATIONS ARE FOCUSED ON? 86% NO, a gender expert involved 11% YES, project design supported by gender expert 81% 46% 38% Beneficiary Sales and Customer Supply chain/ distribution 20
Project implementation UNANTICIPATED BARRIERS TO ACHIEVING GENDER GOALS recruitment difficult travel times cultural barriers to women Costs joining the workforce decision makers women joining workforce cultural barriers long term motivation Dealing with men in business governmental licensing difficulty selling travel BENEFITS FROM A GENDER FOCUS/ APPROACH money saved development female-led sales force cultural barriers to women joining the workforce entrepreneurial skills higher sales by females Empowerment working women human skills Achieving gender equality Customers relate better to female agents More time 21
Monitoring and Reporting MONITORING PROGRESS AND RESULTS OF GENDER RELATED ACTIVITIES AND OUTPUTS SUFFICIENT DATA AVAILABLE TO UNDERSTAND GENDER PROGRESS AND RESULTS 49% 41% YES NO 35% 30% 35% YES NO DON T KNOW COMPARING PROPOSALS TO PROGRESS REPORTS Breakdown occurs between gender goals in the proposal and gender reporting in progress reports In sample, while all 11 (100%) provide gender goals and objectives in proposal, only 7 (64%) reported on gender in progress reports 22
Monitoring and Reporting (cont.) MISSING DATA TO BETTER UNDERSTAND GENDER ISSUES OR IMPACT Education and employment statistics for women Qualitative and quantitative data of increased empowerment of female entrepreneurs and customers. DO OTHER FUNDERS OR STAKEHOLDERS REQUIRE GENDER REPORTING? 38% 49% 14% YES NO DON T KNOW Number of women venturing in renewable energy business Women's interest in using products Gender disaggregated behavioural study for households Health data and health impacts on women using products 23
Emerging findings INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS Gender expertise Gender representation Funding & budgeting Attitudes Themes Potential to strengthen institutional arrangements for gender mainstreaming Training Performance management Demand for gender focus from donors might not be matched with funding 24
Human Resources RESPONSIBLE FOR GENDER CONSIDERATIONS ON THE PROJECT Most respondents indicated that gender is a cross-cutting theme and all project staff are responsible for integrating it into their activities GENDER-EXPERT (QUALIFICATIONS OR EXPERIENCE) ON STAFF? HAVE HEADQUARTER STAFF BEEN SENSITISED TO GENDER? 49% Yes 38% No 14% Don t Know WORKFORCE TRAINING ON GENDER EQUALITY AND MAINSTREAMING 81% NO 14% YES 68% NO, specific training on gender 19% YES Headquarters and field staff 3% Headquarters 25
Human Resources (cont.) WHAT PERCENTAGE OF YOUR ORGANISATION S OVERALL WORKFORCE ARE FEMALE? ARE THE PROJECT GENDER GOALS PART OF INDIVIDUAL PERFORMANCE PLANS AND GOALS? 40% 50% of respondents (14 out of 35) indicated and above female workforce 68% No 19% Yes 8% Don t Know DOES THE CULTURE AND ATTITUDES WITHIN ORGANISATIONS SUPPORT A GENDER FOCUS? 73% Yes 11% No 16% Don t Know 26
Financial resources SPECIFIC BUDGET ALLOCATION TO SUPPORT IMPLEMENTATION OF GENDER RELATED ACTIVITIES? SUFFICIENT BUDGET AND FINANCIAL RESOURCES AVAILABLE TO ACHIEVE YOUR GENDER GOALS 3% YES, there is a specific budget for gender activities 46% NO, gender activities are included within overall budget 35% YES, we have sufficient budget to achieve our stated gender goals 49% NO, there is no budget for gender related activities 38% NO, we do not have sufficient budget to achieve our stated gender goals 3% DON T KNOW 27% DON T KNOW 27
Partnerships CONNECTED TO ORGANISATIONS THAT CAN ADVISE AND ASSIST ON GENDER ISSUES? ARE YOUR PARTNERS (E.G. SUPPLIERS, DISTRIBUTORS) ALSO SENSITIVE TO GENDER CONSIDERATIONS? 62% Yes 30% No 8% Don t Know 43% 11% 32% 14% YES NO DON T KNOW EQUIPPED TO CONNECT WOMEN TO OTHER COMPLEMENTARY OR SUPPORTING SERVICES 62% Yes 27% No 11% Don t Know 28
Outcomes GREATEST RESULTS/SUCCESS STORIES RELATING TO WOMEN AND GIRLS IS GENDER CONSIDERED IN MAKING BUSINESS DECISIONS Women and girls are economically empowered through capacity building to start up income generating activities Cleaner living, less time spent on collecting firewood and much more convenient cooking possibilities. Women entrepreneurs working- able to support their families single handedly. Great impact on the quality of life of women and girlstheir ability to generate revenue and their independence and autonomy 51% Yes 41% No 8% Don t Know HAS GENDER MAINSTREAMING AFFECTED YOUR FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE? 32% Positively 0% Negatively 62% No effect 29
Summary Project lifecycle Commitment to gender equality and results shown but potential to better institutionalise Projects may benefit from more structured analysis and gender expertise during design May need to plan supplementary activities to break down barriers to gender equality Design and planning better than monitoring and reporting Institutional arrangements Potential to strengthen institutional arrangements for gender mainstreaming Training Performance management Demand for gender focus from donors might not be matched with funding 30
Going forward FURTHER SUPPORT, FROM PROJECT FUNDERS RELATED TO ENSURING GENDER RESPONSIVE PROJECTS 51% 46% 32% 19% 14% 11% Guidelines and checklists Gender training (in person) Gender training (online) None, my project does not require a gender focus None, my project has sufficient gender expertise/capacity Helpdesk 31
Next steps Please complete survey/interviews Draft report by end of May 32
Thank you Lisa Gahan Head: Human and Social Development KPMG South Africa Lisa.Gahan@kpmg.co.za +27 (0)82 719 3031
Panel discussion [year] [legal member firm name], a [jurisdiction] [legal structure] and a member firm of the KPMG network of independent member firms affiliated with KPMG International Cooperative, a Swiss entity. All rights reserved. 34 Knowledge Exchange Document Classification: Forum -KPMG EEP Confidential 3 December 2015
Panel discussion: pursuing gender equality through energy projects - Anu Hassinen, Embassy of Finland - Rehema Nakyazze, CEO, Ugastove - Lotta Wilkman, KPMG International Development Assistance Services Moderator: Lisa Gahan, KPMG [year] [legal member firm name], a [jurisdiction] [legal structure] and a member firm of the KPMG network of independent member firms affiliated with KPMG International Cooperative, a Swiss entity. All rights reserved. 35 Knowledge Exchange Document Classification: Forum -KPMG EEP Confidential 3 December 2015