The clinical studies of Antinol application in dogs with lameness due to chronic degenerative joint diseases Plemyashov Kirill, Doctor of Veterinary Science, Professor St. Petersburg State Academy of Veterinary Medicine Potapova Anna, post-graduate student St. Petersburg State Academy of Veterinary Medicine November 6, 2013
Introduction The field is pharmacology in orthopaedics. The aim is to observe the analgesic and antiinflammatory effects of Antinol instead of using only chondroprotectors. In our work we focus on two groups of dogs with joint diseases received different treatments: only-pharmacological treatment surgical treatment
Requirements for the dogs 5 7 years old dogs Severe lameness No good response to NSAIDs Observable health issue, either with joints, mobility, agility (arthritis) or skin and coat (eczema)
Diagnostics: acquired chronic or innate joint diseases Arthritis Arthrosis Osteoarthrosis Chondroarthritis Patellar luxation Cranial cruciate ligament rupture Dysplasia of femoral / ulnar epiphysis
Etiology of chronic joint diseases Trauma of joint or surrounding bone/tissue Improper use, overuse, poor alignment of the joint Inflammatory arthritis (Rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, Crohn s Arthritis, Gout, Pseudogout, Infected joint) Diabetes Obesity
Osteoarthritis Normal Joint Osteoarthritis
Xray of osteoarthritis Normal Diseased
Innate cranial cruciate ligament rupture
Diagnostic Measures owner preferences (complaints, how long) lameness score (clinical symptoms) palpation (both - healthy and affected joints) blood samples (the morphological and biochemical analysis) radiographic examination
Method of research: 35 dogs with lameness due to chronic degenerative joint disease; dogs were divided into two groups; the first group consists of dogs with acquired chronic joint diseases; the second group consists of dogs with innate joint diseases.
The first group 20 dogs (10 dogs with arthritis, 10 dogs with arthrosis/osteoarthrosis) Treatment: Antinol and hyaluronic acid for two months Prescription: Antinol 1 capsule/20 kg daily per os in combination with hyaluronic acid was administered intravenously at a dosage of 0.7 ml per 10 kg of bodyweight
X-ray pictures of patients in the 1st group Spitz 5 years old osteoarthritis of the hip French Bulldog 5 years old osteoarthrosis of the hip
German shepherd, 5 years old, osteoarthritis of the knee
The second group 15 dogs (10 dogs underwent correction of medial patellar luxation, 5 dogs underwent extracapsular stabilization of the stifle joint to treat cranial cruciate disease) Treatment: joint surgery Postoperative management for 1 month: First week: Antinol 1 capsule/20 kg three times a day. Next three weeks: Antinol 1 capsule/20 kg daily + glucosamine hydrochloride 0.07 g/kg + chondroitin sulfate 0.01 g/kg three times a day
Xray pictures of patients in the 2nd group German shepherd, 5.5 years old Elbow dysplasia (Fragmentation of the coracoid)
German shepherd, 7 years old Elbow dysplasia Multibred dog, 5 years old, hip dysplasia
I. Palpation Assessment of pain, tumor, mobility of healthy and affected joints Pain response range: 0 = no pain 1 = low 2 = moderate 3 = severe
II. Lameness score Clinical examination of ability to move 1 = noticeable limp 2 = barely noticeable limp 3 = moderate lameness 4 = severe lameness
III. Blood samples Morphological analysis: lymphocytes, erythrocytes, thrombocytes Biochemical analysis: proteins, creatinine, serum total cholesterol, C reactive protein 0 = slight lymphocytosis 1 = lymphocytosis, 2 = lymphocytosis, a high level of protein 3 = lymphocytosis, metabolic disorder
IV. Radiographic examination Showed degree of atrophy of arthritis (Xray, rated by Meyer Lindenberg 1991) 0 = not available 1 = slight atrophy 2 = severe atrophy 3 = severe deformation of the joint
Examination results of the first group (N = 20)
Results in the first group 16 of 20 dogs showed good response to pharmacological treatment after the 8th week. No adverse side effects were recorded among the dogs to which Antinol was administered during this study.
Examination results of the second group (N = 15)
Results in the second group 9 of 15 dogs showed good response to pharmacological treatment after 4th week No adverse side effects were recorded among the dogs to which Antinol was administered during this study
Comparison of the two groups No significant difference Dogs from the first group had a slightly higher level of lameness than dogs from the second group The decrease of the quality of blood samples in the second group after the surgery was connected with postoperation recovery Some owners (90%) preferred Antinol because it was easy to administer the supplement and it did not cause adverse side effects.
Discussion and conclusions Investigation the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of polyunsaturated fatty acid from Antinol instead of using only chondroprotectors. The dogs who were given treatment with Antinol had better clinical outcome than the ones that were given standard treatment absence of adverse side effects and a great improvement of the clinical signs, as compared standard treatment