Annual Immunization Surveillance Report January 1 to December 31, 2014 Epidemiology & Surveillance Public Branch Public and Primary Care Division, y Living and Seniors Released: January 2016
TABLE OF CONTENTS Acronyms and Abbreviations... 6 Acknowledgments... 7 Executive Summary... 8 What to Expect in This Report... 10 About Antigens, Immunogens and Vaccines... 11 About Immunization Monitoring System (MIMS)... 12 Introduction... 13 Part A: Childhood Immunizations... 21 1. Immunizations at Age 1... 22 1.1 Immunizations in, Age 1... 22 1.2 Immunizations by, Age 1... 25 1.3 Residency and Immunization Rates, Age 1... 30 1.4 Summary of Immunizations, Age 1... 32 2. Immunizations at Age 2... 33 2.1 Immunizations in, Age 2... 33 2.2 Immunizations by, Age 2... 36 2.3 Residency and Immunization Rates, Age 2... 45 2.4 Summary of Immunizations, Age 2... 47 3. Immunizations at Age 7... 48 3.1 Immunizations in, Age 7... 48 3.2 Immunizations by, Age 7... 51 3.3 Residency and Immunization Rates, Age 7... 56 3.4 Summary of Immunizations, Age 7... 58 4. Immunizations at Age 11... 59 4.1 Immunizations in, Age 11... 59 4.2 Immunizations by, Age 11... 61 4.3 Residency and Immunization Rates, Age 11... 62 4.4 Summary of Immunizations, Age 11... 63 5. Immunizations at Age 17... 64 5.1 Immunizations in, Age 17... 64 5.2 Immunizations by, Age 17... 66 5.3 Residency and Immunization Rates, Age 17... 68 5.4 Summary of Immunizations, Age 17... 69 Part B: Providers of Childhood Immunizations... 70 Page 1 of 89
Vaccine Doses by Provider Type and Provider Location, Ages 0-17... 71 Part C: Adulthood Immunizations... 74 1. Immunizations at Ages 18+... 75 1.1 Immunizations in, Ages 18+... 75 1.2 Immunizations by, Ages 18+... 77 2. Immunizations for Ages 65+... 80 2.1 Immunizations in, Ages 65+... 80 2.2 Immunizations by, Ages 65+... 81 Part D: Providers of Adulthood Immunizations... 82 1. Vaccine Doses by Provider Type and Provider Location, Ages 18-64... 83 2. Vaccine Doses by Provider Type and Provider Location, Ages 65+... 85 Conclusion... 87 Appendix A: s Recommended Immunization Schedule... 88 Appendix B: Doses required for children to be considered complete for age, by immunogen, 2011-2013... 89 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Percentage of children complete for age overall by regional health authority () in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 1... 23 Figure 2: Percentage of children complete for age for diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), polio, and pneumococcal conjugate 13 valent (Pneu-C-13) in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 1.. 24 Figure 3: Percentage of children complete for age for diphtheria by regional health authority () in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 1... 25 Figure 4: Percentage of children complete for age for tetanus by regional health authority () in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 1... 26 Figure 5: Percentage of children complete for age for pertussis by regional health authority () in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 1... 26 Figure 6: Percentage of children complete for age for Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) by regional health authority () in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 1... 27 Figure 7: Percentage of children complete for age for polio by regional health authority () in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 1... 28 Figure 8: Percentage of children complete for age for pneumococcal conjugate 13 valent (Pneu-C-13) by regional health authority () in, 2014 & 3- year average (2011-2013), age 1... 29 Figure 9: Percentage of children complete for age overall by continuous and noncontinuous resident status in, 2011-2014, age 1... 30 Figure 10: Percentage of continuous resident children complete for age overall by regional health authority () in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 1... 31 Page 2 of 89
Figure 11: Percentage of non-continuous resident children complete for age overall by regional health authority () in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 1... 31 Figure 12: Percentage of children complete for age overall by regional health authority () in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 2... 34 Figure 13: Percentage of children complete for age for diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), polio, pneumococcal conjugate 13 valent (Pneu-C-13), measles, mumps, rubella, varicella, and meningococcal conjugate C (Men-C-C) in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 2... 35 Figure 14: Percentage of children complete for age for diphtheria by regional health authority () in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 2... 36 Figure 15: Percentage of children complete for age for tetanus by regional health authority () in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 2... 37 Figure 16: Percentage of children complete for age for pertussis by regional health authority () in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 2... 37 Figure 17: Percentage of children complete for age for Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) by regional health authority () in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 2... 38 Figure 18: Percentage of children complete for age for polio by regional health authority () in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 2... 39 Figure 19: Percentage of children complete for age for pneumococcal conjugate 13 valent (Pneu-C-13) by regional health authority () in, 2014 & 3- year average (2011-2013), age 2... 40 Figure 20: Percentage of children complete for age for measles by regional health authority () in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 2... 41 Figure 21: Percentage of children complete for age for mumps by regional health authority () in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 2... 42 Figure 22: Percentage of children complete for age for rubella by regional health authority () in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 2... 42 Figure 23: Percentage of children complete for age for varicella by regional health authority () in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 2... 43 Figure 24: Percentage of children complete for age for meningococcal conjugate C (Men-C-C) by regional health authority () in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 2... 44 Figure 25: Percentage of children complete for age overall by continuous and noncontinuous resident status in, 2011-2014, age 2... 45 Figure 26: Percentage of continuous resident children complete for age overall by regional health authority () in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 2... 46 Figure 27: Percentage of non-continuous resident children complete for age overall by regional health authority () in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 2... 46 Figure 28: Percentage of children complete for age overall by regional health authority () in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 7... 49 Figure 29: Percentage of children complete for age for diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, measles, mumps, and rubella in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 7... 50 Figure 30: Percentage of children complete for age for diphtheria by regional health authority () in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 7... 51 Page 3 of 89
Figure 31: Percentage of children complete for age for tetanus by regional health authority () in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 7... 52 Figure 32: Percentage of children complete for age for pertussis by regional health authority () in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 7... 52 Figure 33: Percentage of children complete for age for polio by regional health authority () in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 7... 53 Figure 34: Percentage of children complete for age for measles by regional health authority () in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 7... 54 Figure 35: Percentage of children complete for age for mumps by regional health authority () in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 7... 55 Figure 36: Percentage of children complete for age for rubella by regional health authority () in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 7... 55 Figure 37: Percentage of children complete for age overall by continuous and noncontinuous resident status in, 2011-2014, age 7... 56 Figure 38: Percentage of continuous resident children complete for age overall by regional health authority () in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 7... 57 Figure 39: Percentage of non-continuous resident children complete for age overall by regional health authority () in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 7... 57 Figure 40: Percentage of children complete for age for meningococcal conjugate C (Men-C-C), and hepatitis B, in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 11... 60 Figure 41: Percentage of children complete for age for meningoccal conjugate C (Men- C-C) by regional health authority () in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 11... 61 Figure 42: Percentage of children complete for age for hepatitis B by regional health authority () in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 11... 62 Figure 43: Percentage of children complete for age for diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis and human papillomavirus (HPV), in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 17... 65 Figure 44: Percentage of children complete for age for diphtheria by regional health authority () in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 17... 66 Figure 45: Percentage of children complete for age for tetanus by regional health authority () in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 17... 67 Figure 46: Percentage of children complete for age for pertussis by regional health authority () in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 17... 67 Figure 47: Percentage of children complete for age for human papillomavirus (HPV) by regional health authority () in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 17... 68 Figure 48: Percentage of people who received at least one dose of tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis in 2014, compared to the cumulative percentage of people who received at least one dose of tetanus (diphtheria) within the past 10 years, and the cumulative percentage of people who received at least one dose of pertussis since age seven,, ages 18+... 76 Figure 49: Percentage of people who received at least one dose of tetanus in 2014, compared to the cumulative percentage of people who received at least one dose of tetanus within the past 10 years, by regional health authority (),, ages 18+... 78 Page 4 of 89
Figure 50: Percentage of people who received at least one dose of diphtheria in 2014, compared to the cumulative percentage of people who received at least one dose of tetanus within the past 10 years, by regional health authority (),, ages 18+... 78 Figure 51: Percentage of people who received at least one dose of pertussis in 2014, compared to the cumulative percentage of people who received at least one dose of pertussis since age seven years, by regional health authority (),, ages 18+... 79 Figure 52: Percentage of people who received at least one dose of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (Pneu-P-23) in 2014, compared to the cumulative percentage of people who received at least one dose of Pneu-P-23 within their lifetime, by regional health authority (),, ages 65+... 81 LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Doses required for children to be considered complete for age, by immunogen, 2014... 15 Table 2: Doses required for adults, by immunogen, 2014... 19 Table 3: Recommended Immunization Schedule, 2014, age 1... 22 Table 4: Number and percentage of children complete for age by immunogen and regional health authority (), in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 1... 32 Table 5: Recommended Immunization Schedule, 2014, age 2... 33 Table 6: Number and percentage of children complete for age by immunogen and regional health authority (), in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 2... 47 Table 7: Recommended Immunization Schedule, 2014, age 7... 48 Table 8: Number and percentage of children complete for age by immunogen and regional health authority (), in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 7... 58 Table 9: Recommended Immunization Schedule, 2014, age 11... 59 Table 10: Number and percentage of children complete for age by immunogen and regional health authority (), in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 11... 63 Table 11: Recommended Immunization Schedule, 2014, age 17... 64 Table 12: Number and percentage of children complete for age by immunogen and regional health authority (), in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 17... 69 Table 13: Number and percentage of vaccine doses administered by provider type and provider location, for each regional health authority () in, 2014, ages 0-17... 71 Table 14: Recommended Immunization Schedule, 2014, ages 18+... 75 Table 15: Recommended Immunization Schedule, 2014, ages 65+... 80 Table 16: Number and percentage of vaccine doses administered by provider type and provider location, for each regional health authority () in, 2014, ages 18-64... 83 Table 17: Number and percentage of vaccine doses administered by provider type and provider location, for each regional health authority () in, 2014, ages 65+... 85 Page 5 of 89
Acronyms and Abbreviations CDC DTaP-IPV DTaP-IPV-Hib HAHB HB HPV Men-C-C MHHLS MMR MMRV Pneu-C-13 Pneu-P-23 Td Tdap V Communicable Disease Control diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, and polio (combined vaccine) diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, and Haemophilus influenzae type b (combined vaccine) hepatitis A and hepatitis B (combined vaccine) hepatitis B (vaccine and/or immunogen) human papillomavirus (vaccine and/or immunogen) meningococcal conjugate C vaccine, y Living and Seniors measles, mumps, and rubella (combined vaccine) measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella (combined vaccine) Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (13 valent) pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine regional health authority tetanus and diphtheria (combined vaccine) tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis (combined vaccine) varicella (vaccine and/or immunogen) Page 6 of 89
Acknowledgments is the product of the ongoing efforts of a dedicated team of individuals throughout the province of including public health nurses, immunization coordinators, physicians, and other primary health care providers. Their efforts and expertise in the area of immunization are essential to produce this valuable report. Corrections February 4, 2016 The contents of Tables 10 and 12 were inadvertently switched during the construction of this report. These tables have now been corrected. We apologize for any inconvenience or confusion this may have caused. Citation Government of,, y Living and Seniors, Public and Primary Care Division, Public Branch, Epidemiology and Surveillance. (2015). Annual Immunization Surveillance Report 2014. Let us know what you think. We appreciate your feedback! If you would like to comment on any aspect of this report, please send an email to: outbreak@gov.mb.ca Page 7 of 89
Executive Summary MHHLS is pleased to present the Annual Immunization Surveillance Report (2014). This report provides an overview of: A. childhood immunizations (for ages 1, 2, 7, 11, and 17 years), B. providers of childhood immunizations (for all children from birth to age 17 years), C. adulthood immunizations (for ages 18+ years and age 65+ years), and D. providers of adulthood immunizations (for ages 18 64 years and ages 65+ years). Below are selected highlights from the report: Childhood Immunizations Immunizations at Age 1 In, 77.9% of one-year-old children received the required doses of vaccine to be considered complete for age overall in 2014. Prairie Mountain had the highest percentage of one-year-old children complete for age overall (83.9%). There was considerable variation in immunization uptake between the health regions; the range between the highest and lowest uptake rate was approximately 15.0%. Approximately eight out of ten one-year-old children were complete for age for each of the diphtheria (79.2%), tetanus (79.2%), pertussis (79.1%), and Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) (78.7%) immunogens; almost nine out of ten (88.3%) one-year-old children were complete for age for the polio immunogen. The percentage of children complete for age for the pneumococcal conjugate 13 valent vaccine (Pneu-C-13) (86.2%) was slightly higher than those of tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis, and Hib. Immunizations at Age 2 In, 65.5% of two-year-olds received the necessary doses of vaccine required to be considered complete for age overall in 2014. Prairie Mountain had the highest percentage of two-year-old children complete for age overall (70.7%). There was considerable variation in uptake between the regions; the range between the highest and lowest uptake rate was approximately 15.0%. Approximately seven in ten of s two-year olds were considered complete for age for diphtheria (71.0%), tetanus (71.0%), pertussis (70.9%), and Hib (70.4%) in 2014; the percentage of children complete for age for polio was higher (87.6%). More than eight out of ten two-year-olds were complete for age for the measles (86.3%), mumps (86.2%), rubella (86.2%), and varicella (83.2%) immunogens, and the Pneu-C-13 (84.0%) and meningococcal conjugate C (Men-C-C) (84.8%) vaccines. Immunizations at Age 7 In, 61.7% of seven-year-olds received the required doses of vaccine to be considered complete for age overall in 2014. Northern Region had the highest percentage of seven-year-old children complete for age overall (74.2%), with Prairie Mountain a close second (72.6%). There was considerable variation in uptake between the regions; the range between the highest and lowest uptake rate was approximately 15.0%. Page 8 of 89
In 2014, approximately seven out of ten of s seven-year olds were considered complete for age for diphtheria (67.4%), tetanus (67.4%), and pertussis (67.1%). The percentage of children complete for age for polio was higher (83.8%). More than seven out of ten seven-year-olds (75.0%) were complete for age for the measles immunogen but, the percentage of seven-year-olds complete for age for mumps and rubella was higher with over nine out of ten (92.4%) children considered complete for age for each immunogen. Immunizations at Age 11 Almost eight in ten (79.8%) of s 11-year-olds were considered complete for age for Men-C-C, in 2014, while approximately seven in ten (70.9%) of 11-yearolds were considered complete for age for the hepatitis B immunogen. Immunizations at Age 17 Just over one-half (54.9%) of s 17-year-olds were considered complete for age for the tetanus and diphtheria immunogens. These percentages were slightly higher than the percentage of children complete for age for the pertussis immunogen (51.5%). In, in 2014, 57.6% of 17-year-old females had completed the three doses required to be complete for age for the human papillomavirus (HPV) immunogen. Providers of Childhood Immunizations In 2014, there were 256,892 doses of vaccine (excluding influenza) provided to children between birth and age 17 years, in. 49.9% of these doses were provided by public health nurses, 47.5% by physicians, and 2.6% by other providers. Adulthood Immunizations Immunizations for Ages 18+ In, the cumulative percentages of people who had received at least one dose each of tetanus and diphtheria in the past 10 years were 37.7% and 37.6%, respectively. The cumulative percentage of people who received at least one dose of pertussis since turning seven-years-old (16.8%) was approximately one-half the cumulative percentages of tetanus and diphtheria. Immunizations for Ages 65+ In, 70.0% of people over the age of 65 had received at least one dose of the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (Pneu-P-23) in their lifetime. Providers of Adulthood Immunizations Ages 18 64 In 2014, there were 33,298 doses of vaccine (excluding influenza) provided to people ages 18 64 years in. 49.9% of these doses were provided by physicians, 26.9% by public health nurses, and 23.2% by other providers. Ages 65+ In 2014, there were 14,683 doses of vaccine (excluding influenza) provided to people ages 65+ years in. 58.1% of these doses were provided by physicians, 29.9% by public health nurses, and 12.1% by other providers. Page 9 of 89
What to Expect in This Report Our goal is to summarize immunization coverage in in a user-friendly manner that allows the reader to quickly access the required information. The Annual Immunization Surveillance Report (2014) will display the 2014 immunization data in all graphs, with many graphs also displaying the 3-year average (2011-2013), or cumulative rate, for comparison. In some instances, results presented in this report may differ slightly from the results presented in previous years reports; differences may result from changes in the analyses of the previous years complete for age criteria. What you will see in this report: Highlights of the Recommended Immunization Schedule by age category, Graphs and figures to provide visual representations of data, Details of the recommended immunizations for each age category by, A tabular overview of all immunizations in the summary section of each childhood chapter, A tabular overview of the vaccines administered in, in 2014, by provider type and location, for specified age categories. Highlighted elements in bright text boxes, and Supporting text to provide context to the data. Note that this report does not provide data on: First Nation status - the self-reported First Nations status variable in the MIMS data is not considered reliable for health care policy and planning purposes. Influenza immunizations influenza immunization uptake is reported in the weekly seasonal influenza reports 1 and a more detailed analysis is reported in the Annual Influenza Report 2. 1 http://www.gov.mb.ca/health/publichealth/surveillance/influenza/index.html 2 http://www.gov.mb.ca/health/publichealth/surveillance/influenza/annual.html Page 10 of 89
About Antigens, Immunogens and Vaccines An antigen is any molecular agent that binds to components of the immune response (including lymphocytes and their receptors) antibodies and the t-cell receptor. Note: not every antigen can evoke an immune response. An immunogen is any antigen capable of inducing an immune response. Vaccines are a preparation of dead or inactivated organisms, purified products, or live attenuated organisms that contain one or more immunogens, and are administered to produce or artificially increase immunity to a particular disease. There are three different types of vaccine preparations based on how many and what types of immunogens are contained in the vaccine: 1. vaccines containing only one immunogen, against one disease (e.g. hepatitis B vaccine). 2. vaccines containing immunogens against more than one serogroup or serotype of the same disease (e.g. Men-C-C, Pneu-C-13, Pneu-P-23). 3. vaccines containing immunogens against more than one vaccine preventable disease (e.g. the combined vaccine MMRV). In this report, all vaccines are referred to by the immunogens they contain, rather than by their brand names. For example, the combined vaccine DTaP-IPV-Hib contains the diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, and Hib immunogens. These specific vaccine names (such as DTAP-IPV-Hib) are used in describing the Recommended Immunization Schedules for each age group, as well as in Part B and Part D, the provider type analyses. Single immunogen names will be used for majority of the interpretation in Parts A and C. Most immunogens (e.g. tetanus, diphtheria, measles, mumps) can be provided via several different combination vaccines and, as such, their coverage rates may vary depending on what vaccines were actually administered. Due to this, it is important to examine most immunogens separately. Vaccine names may be used in specific reference throughout the interpretations in Part A and Part C; for example, when discussing the Pneu-C-13 vaccine. We distinguish the coverage for the Pneu-C-13 vaccine, which is a conjugate vaccine, from the coverage for the Pneu-P-23 vaccine, which is a polysaccharide vaccine. The programming queries that produce the annual statistics use all of the current and historical immunogens that contribute to the immunization schedule. This means that, in some instances, different immunogens are counted due to product changes. For example, the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine currently in use in is the 13- valent product, which replaced the 7-valent product starting in July 2010. The 13-valent product is currently the only pneumococcal conjugate vaccine used in Canada, but the 7- valent and potentially the 10-valent product is still used in some countries, so some noncontinuous residents may have received it. A separate tariff code is assigned to each Page 11 of 89
product to clinically identify the products, but both products are counted equally in complete for age calculations. A child would complete the series with either one product or the other (or a combination of the two), and is considered complete for age when the full series was given on schedule. Throughout the report, the term pertussis immunogen is referring to the acellular pertussis immunogen. Whole cell pertussis vaccine was used prior to 1997, and should only have been administered to children less than 7 years of age. In 1997, acellular pertussis vaccines were introduced which could be administered to older children (adolescents) and adults. Children born in or after 1997 should have only received immunizations containing acellular pertussis. For a child to be considered complete for age, they need the required doses of (acellular) pertussis as outlined in Table 1. Adults born prior to 1997 were counted in the cumulative percentage of acellular pertussis if they received at least one dose of pertussis vaccine since their seventh birthday, as outlined in Table 2. For this analysis, all doses of pertussis vaccine administered after age seven were assumed to contain acellular pertussis immunogen. About Immunization Monitoring System (MIMS) The MIMS database was used to identify each individual s immunization coverage. MIMS is a population-based, province-wide, electronic immunization registry that has been recording immunizations administered to residents since 1988. Initially, it was a childhood immunization registry, but it was expanded to include adult immunizations in 2000. Information, including vaccine type and date of immunization, is captured in MIMS for each immunization event through: 1. manual data entry into MIMS for: vaccines administered by public health and other regional staff in each ; pharmacy administered vaccines; non-publiclyfunded vaccines; and, vaccines administered by other health care providers who do not have access to MIMS or the Claims Processing Solution. 2. physician billing claims for publicly-funded vaccines administered by physicians (and other providers who submit fee for service or shadow billing claims to the Claims Processing Solution). Starting in January 2015, the MIMS data (excluding archived records) were transferred to a new immunization monitoring system called Panorama. The new system allows for the storage of more detailed variables, and provides a user-friendly interface for use by public health nurses in the s (and all users who previously had access to MIMS). Physician immunization data will be interfaced (moved via a one-way transfer) into Panorama from the Claims Processing Solution, and, as of October 2015, pharmacist immunization data will be interfaced into Panorama directly from the Drug Programs Information Network (DPIN). For future versions of the Annual Immunization Report, data will be extracted from Panorama. Page 12 of 89
Introduction This annual report is divided into four parts: A. childhood immunizations (for ages 1, 2, 7, 11, and 17 years), B. providers of childhood immunizations (for all children from birth to age 17 years), C. adulthood immunizations (for ages 18+ years and age 65+ years), and D. providers of adulthood immunizations (for ages 18 64 years and ages 65+ years). Parts A and C provide information on the number and percentage of people immunized by age and by region of residence, where the region of residence is the within which the individual receiving the vaccine resides. Parts C and D provide information on the number and percentage of vaccine doses administered by: age, provider type, and provider location, where the provider location is the within which the provider s practice is located. Part A: Childhood Immunizations This part is divided into five chapters; each chapter represents a specific age category (ages 1, 2, 7, 11, and 17 years) that corresponds with s Recommended Immunization Schedule (Appendix A). Within each of these chapters, there are four sections that further describe immunizations from a provincial and regional perspective. It is important to note that, in this part of the report, the classifications were determined by the child s region of residence. Section 1: Immunizations in Highlights the additional vaccines required by s Recommended Immunization Schedule (full schedule can be found in Appendix A) to be considered complete for age, from one age group to the next. For example, at age 17, the tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis vaccine (Tdap) is one of the vaccines highlighted; between ages 11 and 17 children should have received one dose of Tdap (in addition to the doses they received at earlier ages). Describes the key vaccines required to be complete for age. Provides an overview of the proportion of children considered complete for age overall in and by. Note: this information is useful primarily at ages 1, 2, and 7; it has been excluded for ages 11 and 17. Please see the ages 11 and 17 chapters for a more detailed explanation. Complete for age refers to a child who has received all of the recommended doses of a given immunogen, by a specified age, according to s Recommended Immunization Schedule given in Table 1. For example, to be considered complete for age at 17 years, a child must have received: six doses of diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis; four doses of polio; two doses of measles; one dose of mumps and rubella; and three doses of hepatitis B by their 17 th birthday. Provides an overview of the proportion of children considered complete for age in for each of the highlighted immunogens in the age group. Page 13 of 89
Section 2: Immunizations by The proportion of children who are complete for age for a particular immunogen is summarized graphically. Only those immunogens contained in the vaccines highlighted in Section 1, are detailed. The proportion of children who are complete for age is calculated with a denominator of the mid-year population 3 in the specified age category, in. For 2014, the numerator contains the count of individuals who received all required doses of a given immunogen(s), as shown in Table 1. For previous years (2011-2013), the numerator was calculated using the count of individuals who received all required doses of immunogen(s) as shown in Appendix B. For example, at age 17, in 2014, an individual requires six doses of tetanus to be considered complete for age, for that immunogen. If, at age 17, the count for an individual shows five doses (or less) of tetanus, that individual would not be considered complete for age and would therefore not be included in the numerator count. It is possible for smaller regions, such as Northern Region, to have close to or greater than 100% of a given population complete for age for a given immunogen, due to people moving in and out of those regions. The number of doses required to be complete for age by each immunogen is generated based on s Recommended Immunization Schedule for each reporting year. For example, from 2012 2014, one dose of varicella was a requirement to be considered complete for age at 11 years but, prior to 2012, varicella was not a requirement to be considered complete for age. This might result in complete for age rates that are not comparable to previous years rates for certain immunogens. Though combined vaccines (e.g. diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio [DTaP-IPV]) are frequently used to vaccinate children in, in some instances, the data shows that complete for age rates by immunogen vary slightly (even for immunogens commonly given together as part of a combined vaccine). This may be due to reasons such as: personal choice (e.g. a parent chooses not to vaccinate a child with a particular immunogen), coding errors, or vaccine supply. For this reason, we have chosen to provide rates by immunogen rather than by vaccine. 3 The mid-year population is based on the residency of individuals as of June 1 st regardless of their health coverage. The population file is built December 1 st (6 month lag) to allow for late data changes that may affect the residency status at June 1 st. Page 14 of 89
Human Papillomavirus (HPV - females only) Hepatitis B (HB) Meningococcal Conjugate C(Men-C-C) Varicella (V) Rubella (R) Mumps (M) Measles (M) Pneumococcal Conjugate 13 valent (Pneu-C-13) Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) Polio (IPV) Pertussis (ap) Tetanus (T) Diphtheria (D) Age (years) epireport Table 1: Doses required for children to be considered complete for age, by immunogen, 2014 2014 1 3 3 3 2 3 2 2 4 4 4 3 4 3 1 1 1 1 1 7 5 5 5 4 2 1 1 1 11 5 5 5 4 2 1 1 1 1 3 17 6 6 6 4 2 1 1 1 1 3 3 Section 3: Residency and Immunization Rates This section describes immunization rates by comparing complete for age overall data on continuous residents to non-continuous residents in by year (2011 to 2014) and for each (2014, and 3-year average of 2011 to 2013). Note: as in Section 1, this information is only valuable at ages 1, 2, and 7; it has been excluded for ages 11 and 17. Please see the ages 11 and 17 chapters for a more detailed explanation. A continuous resident is defined as an individual with an uninterrupted registration with MHHLS from their date of birth to their birthday in 2014. A non-continuous resident has lived outside of for a period of time, but was registered with MHHLS by their birthday in 2014. Non-continuous residents may have been born in but left for a period of time and then returned to (see example 1), or they may have been born outside of the province and then moved to (see example 2): Example 1: Born in and registered with MHHLS Moved away from Returned to Registered with MHHLS by their birthday Example 2: Born outside of Moved to Registered with MHHLS by their birthday Page 15 of 89
The MIMS was linked to the Insurance Registry at MHHLS. As such, MIMS was dependent on the presence of a valid PHIN 4 to collect immunization data. Residency impacts the interpretation of immunization rates substantially and thus, it is important to track and understand population trends. Some reasons for the variations in rates may include: 1) upon re-entry to, non-continuous residents can submit their immunization records to their local public health office for entry into MIMS. However, these records may be incomplete or unavailable, or may not be submitted to the local public health office; 2) the immunization schedules in other provinces or countries may be substantially different than in ; and, 3) the immunization records provided by non-continuous residents may not have been inputted into MIMS before the end of the year. Thus, it is likely that the rates for non-continuous residents are an underrepresentation of actual complete for age rates. However, without all the data available, a better estimate is unavailable. Section 4: Summary of Immunizations This section presents a table containing the number (and percentage) of children who are complete for age for each immunogen: diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, Hib, polio, Pneu-C-13, measles, mumps, rubella, varicella, Men-C-C, and hepatitis B (and HPV for ages 11 and 17), by. Note: if at a particular age, the number of recommended doses of a particular immunogen is zero (see Table 1) a child is counted as complete for age for that immunogen if they receive even one dose of that immunogen. For example, at age 1, measles is not required to be considered complete for age, but 3.4% of one-year-olds were reported as being complete for age for measles in Table 4. This means 3.4% of oneyear-olds received at least one dose of the measles immunogen, which is reasonable considering they are supposed to receive their first dose at 12 months and some parents may vaccinate early. Part B: Providers of Childhood Immunizations In this part of the report, the data is aggregated for all children from birth (age 0) to age 17. The data is displayed in a table format. The table displays the number of doses of each vaccine given by each provider type, within each, and for overall in 2014. The corresponding percentages are also presented; the percentages indicate the proportion of each vaccine administered by each provider type, for easier comparison. The number of doses (and corresponding percentages) given by out of province providers are also displayed. Out of province providers are those providers who do not have a practice in. A child may have received immunizations from an out of province provider if they were a non-continuous resident (who moved to and 4 A PHIN is a 9-digit lifetime identification number assigned to each resident of. A PHIN links personal health information to the individual it belongs to. Your PHIN will be valid as long as you are a current resident of. Your PHIN may become invalid for several reasons such as moving out of or death. Page 16 of 89
submitted their immunization records to their local public health office), or while travelling. It is important to note, in this part of the report: the classifications were determined by the provider s location (i.e. the where the provider s practice is located). the data is presented by dose, rather than by person. Thus, the number of doses administered may be higher than the total population. if the total number of doses provided was between one and five, that number, and the corresponding percentage, was suppressed and marked with an S in the table. The providers were categorized into three types: 1. Physician The physician category includes providers reported as physician and primary care. 2. Public health nurse The public health nurse category includes providers reported as: public health nurse, First Nation/ Tribal Council, and pharmacy. Pharmacy is included under the public health nurse category for 2014, as pharmacists were not authorized to administer vaccinations until October 1 st, 2014. Prior to this date, any immunizations administered in a pharmacy setting would likely have been a pop-up immunization clinic with a public health nurse administering the doses. Since there is no way to definitively determine whether the dose was administered by a pharmacist or by a public health nurse, and due to the small numbers in the pharmacy category, pharmacy was grouped into the public health nurse category, for 2014. 3. Other The other category includes all other reported provider types. This category includes providers reported as: Publicly Funded Facility (usually a hospital), Private Care Provider (groups such as the Victorian Order of Nurses), Facility (all facilities not captured in other groupings), Occupational (any occupational health provider), and Unknown. Important Note: For Part A and C, the classification is determined by the region of residence of the person who received the immunogen. That is, the within which the individual resides. For Part B and D, the classification is determined by the provider location of the person who administered the vaccine. That is, the within which the provider s practice is located. Page 17 of 89
Part C: Adulthood Immunizations Part C has two chapters. One chapter covers those immunizations recommended for all people aged 18 years and older (including people who are aged 65 years and older), and the other chapter covers those immunizations recommended for people aged 65 years and over. Part C has been defined this way because tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis are part of the adult immunization schedule for all people aged 18 years and older while Pneu-P-23 is recommended for people aged 65 years and older. Within each chapter there are two sections that further describe immunizations from a provincial and regional perspective. It is important to note, in this part of the report, the classifications were determined by the adult s region of residence. Section 1: Immunizations in Highlights the vaccines required by adults in s Recommended Immunization Schedule. Describes the key vaccines/immunogens required by adults. Contains an overall snapshot of immunizations in the province for all people aged 18 years and older (this is not provided for older adults aged 65 years and older because there is only one vaccine, Pneu-P-23, in that chapter, so there is nothing for comparison). Section 2: Immunizations by The proportion of people who received their immunizations as described in Table 2 is presented graphically. Only those vaccines/immunogens required by a particular age category are detailed. The graphs display the cumulative proportion of people who received the immunogen according to the Recommended Immunization Schedule, compared to the proportion of people who received the immunogen in 2014. For example, for pertussis, this will be: the proportion of people aged 18 years and older who received at least one dose of acellular pertussis in 2014 compared to the proportion of people aged 18 years and older who received at least one dose of acellular pertussis since age seven. The proportion of people who received the immunization is calculated with a denominator of the mid-year population 5 in the specified age category, in. The numerator contains the count of individuals who received the required doses of immunogen(s), within the time frame, as shown in Table 2. For example, at all ages over the age of 18, an individual must have received at least one dose of tetanus within the past 10 years to be included in the numerator count for that immunogen. If an individual over the age of 18 has not received one or more doses of tetanus within the past 10 years, that individual would not be included in the numerator count. As in Part A, rates will be provided by immunogen rather than vaccine. 5 The mid-year population is based on the residency of individuals as of June 1 st regardless of their health coverage. The population file is built December 1 st (6 month lag) to allow for late data changes that may affect the residency status at June 1 st. Page 18 of 89
Table 2: Doses required for adults, by immunogen, 2014 Age (years) Diphtheria (D) Tetanus (T) Pertussis (ap) Pneumococcal Polysaccharide (Pneu-P-23) 18-64 1/10 year 1/10 year 1/since age seven 65+ 1/10 year 1/10 year 1/since age seven 1/lifetime Part D: Providers of Adulthood Immunizations This part of the report is divided into two chapters: 1) ages 18-64 years, and 2) ages 65+ years. Within each chapter the data is displayed in a table format. The table displays the number of doses of each vaccine given by each provider type, within each, and for overall, in the year 2014. The corresponding percentages are also presented; the percentages indicate the proportion of each vaccine administered by each provider type, for easier comparison. The number of doses (and corresponding percentages) given by out of province providers is also displayed. It is important to note, in this part of the report: the classifications were determined by the provider s location (i.e. the where the provider s practice is located). the data is presented by dose, rather than by person. Thus, it is possible for the number of doses administered to be higher than the total population in that age group. if the total number of doses provided was between one and five, that number, and the corresponding percentage, was suppressed and marked with an S in the table. The provider type groupings used in the adulthood provider type reports are the same as those used in the childhood provider type reports. Please refer to the overview of Part B (page 17) for a description of how provider types are broken down. Page 19 of 89
Key Elements in Graphs For child immunizations, this line represents the average proportion of children complete for age for the immunogen by, in the previous three years, 2011 2013. The number above the line corresponds to the numerical value. 2014 2011-2013 100% 80% 79.2% 81.9% 71.2% 79.6% 82.9% 74.7% 60% 40% 79.2% 82.7% 68.4% 78.2% 84.8% 74.8% 20% 0% Winnipeg Southern - Santé Sud Interlake- Eastern Prairie Mountain Northern Region This bar represents the provincial average of children complete for age for the immunogen in 2014. Each bar represents the proportion of children complete for age for the immunogen by in 2014. The bold number in the centre of the bar denotes the exact percentage. Page 20 of 89
Part A: Childhood Immunizations
1. Immunizations at Age 1 1.1 Immunizations in, Age 1 Table 3: Recommended Immunization Schedule, 2014, age 1 DTaP-IPV-Hib Vaccine Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, Haemophilus influenzae type b Pneu-C-13* Pneumococcal conjugate 13 valent 2 months Age 4 months 6 months A single dose given with one needle. * Children with high risk medical conditions and children living in First Nations communities are recommended to follow a 4 dose schedule at 2, 4, 6, and 18 months. At age one, s 2014 universal childhood immunization program provided protection against the following bacterial pathogens: diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, Hib, and the 13 types of streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcal bacteria) that cause the most severe pneumococcal infections in children. The age one program also provided protection against viral polio infection. The immunization status of children at age one in 2014 represents those who were born in 2013 and who turned one year old in 2014 (2013 birth cohort). The data reported in Figure 1 is for children who were complete for age overall: they had received all of the scheduled doses of vaccines as shown in Table 1. In order to be considered complete for age overall at one year, children needed to have three doses of diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, and Hib, and two doses of polio and Pneu-C-13. For an overview of immunogens required to be complete for age in 2014, please refer to Table 1 (for an overview of the immunogens that were required to be complete for age from 2011-2013 see Appendix B). If a child missed one of these immunogens, they were not considered complete for age overall at one year, but they could still be considered complete for age for a specific immunogen. Therefore, overall complete for age estimates are expected to be lower than the immunogen-specific complete for age estimates. Page 22 of 89
In, 77.9% of one-year-olds received the necessary doses of vaccine required to be considered complete for age overall (Figure 1) in 2014. This percentage was calculated with a denominator of all one-year-olds in, who had valid MHHLS PHINs (n=16,630), and a numerator containing all one-year-olds who received all of their required immunizations (n=12,955). The number of vaccinated one-year-olds did vary by : Prairie Mountain had the highest percentage of one-year-old children complete for age overall (83.9%) in 2014, while Southern - Santé Sud had the lowest (67.3%). 2011-2013 2014 77.7% 77.9% Winnipeg 80.2% 81.1% Southern -Santé Sud 69.5% 67.3% Interlake-Eastern 78.1% 77.2% Prairie Mountain 81.6% 83.9% Northern Region 74.1% 74.7% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Figure 1: Percentage of children complete for age overall by regional health authority () in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 1 Almost 8 out of 10 one-year-old ns received all the vaccine doses necessary to be considered complete for age overall, in 2014. Page 23 of 89
In their first year, children should have received three doses of the combined vaccine DTaP-IPV-Hib (which provides protection against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, and Hib), at ages two, four, and six months. Three doses of diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, and Hib were required to be considered complete for age at age one for those immunogens in 2014. However, children only required two doses of polio to be considered complete for age for that immunogen. The third dose of polio was acceptable to give as an additional dose in the combination vaccine for convenience of administration. This resulted in a difference in immunization rates between polio and the other immunogens in the vaccine. For example, if a child missed one dose and, therefore, only received two doses of DTaP-IPV-Hib, they were not considered complete for age for diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, or Hib but were considered complete for age for polio. Polio immunization rates were typically higher for this reason (Figure 2). In addition to the three doses of DTaP-IPV-Hib, two doses of Pneu-C-13 were required to be considered complete for age overall at age one. The data reported in Figure 2 is for children who were complete for age for the particular immunogen, regardless of whether they were complete for age overall. Almost eight out of ten children were complete for age for each of the diphtheria (79.2%), tetanus (79.2%), pertussis (79.1%), and Hib (78.7%) immunogens; the complete for age rates for these immunogens were very close as they were typically given in the combined vaccine DTaP-IPV-Hib, and all required three doses to be considered complete for age. The percentage of children complete for age for polio was higher (88.3%), for the reasons discussed above. The percentage of children complete for age for Pneu-C-13 (86.2%) was slightly higher than those of tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis, and Hib, as only two doses of this immunogen were required to be complete for age at age one, rather than three doses. 100% 80% 2014 2011-2013 79.2% 79.2% 79.1% 78.9% 89.1% 84.2% 60% 40% 79.2% 79.2% 79.1% 78.7% 88.3% 86.2% 20% 0% Diphtheria Tetanus Pertussis Hib Polio Pneu-C-13 Figure 2: Percentage of children complete for age for diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), polio, and pneumococcal conjugate 13 valent (Pneu-C-13) in, 2014 & 3-year average (2011-2013), age 1 Page 24 of 89