Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Mycobacterium tuberculosis Ø small, aerobic, nonmotile bacteria Ø Gram-positive bacillus Ø can survive in a dry state for weeks Ø grow only within the cells of a host organism Ø can be cultured in the laboratory

Mycobacterium tuberculosis Ø spread through the air Ø typically attack the lungs, but TB bacteria can attack any part of the body such as kidney, spine & brain Ø most infections are asymptomatic and latent Ø in latent infections eventually progress to active disease Ø the classic symptoms of active TB infection are a chronic cough with blood-tinged sputum, fever, night sweats & weight loss

Diagnosis Active TB: radiology (x-ray), PCR, microscopic examination, microbiological culture of body fluid M. Tuberculosis (stained red) in sputum Latent TB: skin test and/or blood test

Tuberculosis (TB) Ø /3 of the world s population is thought to have been infected with TB Ø 3.7 million chronic active cases globally in 27 Ø in 2, there were an estimated 8.8 million new cases &.5 million associated deaths, mostly occurring in developing countries Ø no. of TB cases has been decreasing since 26, and new cases have decreased since 22 Ø distribution of TB: 8%: in Asian & Africa Ø 5-% of the US population tested positive

Treatment If not treated properly, TB disease can be fatal latent TB infection treatment Regimens Drugs Duration Isoniazid 9 months Isoniazid 6 months Isoniazid & Rifapentine Rifampin Interval Daily Twice weekly Daily Twice weekly Minimum doses 27 76 8 52 3 months Once weekly 2 4 months Daily 2

Treatment active TB disease treatment regimens Preferred Regimen Initial Phase Alternative Regimen Alternative Regimen Initial Phase Initial Phase Daily INH, RIF, PZA, and EMB* for Thrice- weekly INH, RIF, Daily INH, RIF, PZA, and EMB* 4 doses (2 weeks), then twice PZA, and EMB* for 24 for 56 doses (8 weeks) weekly for 2 doses (6 weeks) doses (8 weeks) Continuation Phase Continuation Phase Continuation Phase Thrice- weekly INH and Daily INH and RIF for 26 Twice- weekly INH and RIF for 36 RIF for 54 doses (8 doses (8 weeks) doses (8 weeks) weeks) or Twice- weekly INH and RIF for 36 doses (8 weeks) INH: isoniazid RIF: rifampin EMB: ethambutol PZA: pyrazinamide

Vaccination BCG (Bacille Calmette-Guérin) Ø often given to infants & small children in countries where TB is common Ø not widely used in US Ø should only be considered for children who have a negative TB skin test

organism chrosome size (Mb) %GC Gene Protein 394 Mycobacterium tuberculosis F 4.42 65.6 3,998 Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv 4.4 65.6 4,62 43 Mycobacterium tuberculosis CCDC579 4.4 65.6 3,695 3646 Mycobacterium tuberculosis CCDC58 4.4 65.6 3,638 359 Mycobacterium tuberculosis CDC55 4.4 65.6 4,293 489 Mycobacterium tuberculosis CTRI-2 4.4 65.6 4, 3944 Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra 4.42 65.6 4,84 434 Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv 4.4 65.6 4,7 4 Mycobacterium tuberculosis KZN 435 4.4 65.6 4,7 459 Mycobacterium tuberculosis KZN 427 4.39 65.6 4,44 3996 www.ncbi.nih.gov/genome/browse TotalB as es : S tdeva T C ontigc ount P er.unknowns P er.l arges ts eq Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is H37R v NC _962 445 Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is C C DC 579 NC _7523 439882 Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is C C DC 58 NC _7522 44598 Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is C DC 55 NC _2755 443837 Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is C TR I- 2 NC _7524 4398525 Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is F NC _9565 4424435 Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is H37R a NC _9525 449977 Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is H37R v NC _843 4478 Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is K ZN435 NC _2943 439825 Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is K ZN427 NC _6768 4394985

M. tuberculosis CCDC579 Genome Atlas

replic on of c hros omes # of rr NA operons Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is H37R v NC _962 Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is C C DC 579 NC _7523 Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is C C DC 58 NC _7522 Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is C DC 55 NC _2755 Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is C TR I- 2 NC _7524 Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is F NC _9565 Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is H37R a NC _9525 Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is H37R v NC _843 Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is K ZN435 NC _2943 Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is K ZN427 NC _6768

Phylogenetic tree from 6S rrna alignment Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is F NC _9565 Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is H37R v NC _843 Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is C C DC 579 NC _7523 Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is K ZN427 NC _6768 Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is C DC 55 NC _2755 Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is C TR I- 2 NC _7524 Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is C C DC 58 NC _7522 Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is K ZN435 NC _2943 Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is H37R a NC _9525 Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is H37R v NC _962

Alignment result for 6S rrna (52 bp)

% A T % G C Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is H37R v NC _962 34.39% 65.6% Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is C C DC 579 NC _7523 34.39% 65.6% Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is C C DC 58 NC _7522 34.4% 65.59% Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is C DC 55 NC _2755 34.39% 65.6% Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is C TR I- 2 NC _7524 34.4% 65.6% Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is F NC _9565 34.38% 65.62% Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is H37R a NC _9525 34.39% 65.6% Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is H37R v NC _843 34.38% 65.62% Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is K ZN435 NC _2943 34.39% 65.6% Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is K ZN427 NC _6768 34.39% 65.6%

M. tuberculosis CCDC579 Amino acid & codon usage

# gene predic ted # gene in gbk Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is H37R v NC _962 486 429 Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is C C DC 579 NC _7523 49 4232 Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is C C DC 58 NC _7522 46 448 Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is C DC 55 NC _2755 479 424 Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is C TR I- 2 NC _7524 473 46 Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is F NC _9565 485 428 Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is H37R a NC _9525 449 438 Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is H37R v NC _843 478 422 Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is K ZN435 NC _2943 479 423 Myc obac terium tuberc ulos is K ZN427 NC _6768 465 49

Blast Matrix

Blast Atlas F CDC55 H37Rv_962 H37Rv_843 CTRI-2 CCDC579 CCDC58 KZN427 KZN435

Pancore plot orgsnism Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv 2 Mycobacterium tuberculosis CDC55 TotalBases gene NC_962 445 486 NC_2755 443837 479 3 Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra 4 Mycobacterium tuberculosis F NC_9525 449977 449 NC_9565 4424435 485 5 Mycobacterium tuberculosis KZN435 6 Mycobacterium tuberculosis KZN427 NC_2943 439825 479 NC_6768 4394985 465 7 Mycobacterium tuberculosis CCDC58 8 Mycobacterium tuberculosis CCDC579 9 Mycobacterium tuberculosis CTRI-2 NC_7522 44598 46 Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv NC_7523 439882 49 NC_7524 4398525 473 NC_843 4478 478

PanGome Tree Mycobacterium tuberculosis CCDC58 NC_7522 Mycobacterium tuberculosis CCDC579 NC_7523 Mycobacterium tuberculosis KZN427 NC_6768 Mycobacterium tuberculosis KZN435 NC_2943 Mycobacterium tuberculosis CTRI-2 NC_7524 Mycobacterium tuberculosis F NC_9565 Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv NC_962 Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv NC_843 Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra NC_9525 Mycobacterium tuberculosis CDC55 NC_2755