Laryngeal Features and Sonorancy

Similar documents
LIST OF FIGURES. viii

o Spectrogram: Laterals have weak formants around 250, 1200, and 2400 Hz.

LINGUISTICS 221 LECTURE #3 Introduction to Phonetics and Phonology THE BASIC SOUNDS OF ENGLISH

It is important to understand as to how do we hear sounds. There is air all around us. The air carries the sound waves but it is below 20Hz that our

Overview. Acoustics of Speech and Hearing. Source-Filter Model. Source-Filter Model. Turbulence Take 2. Turbulence

Speech Spectra and Spectrograms

Spoken language phonetics: Consonant articulation and transcription. LING 200 Spring 2006

Experimental Analysis of Voicing Contrast in Igbo Linda Chinelo Nkamigbo* DOI:

Acoustic analysis of occlusive weakening in Parkinsonian French speech

ACOUSTIC AND PERCEPTUAL PROPERTIES OF ENGLISH FRICATIVES

Topics in Linguistic Theory: Laboratory Phonology Spring 2007

IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE. For PROVISIONAL APPLICATION FOR LETTERS PATENT. Inventor: David Rexford. Logical Phonetic Alphabet

Place and Manner of Articulation Sounds in English. Dr. Bushra Ni ma

Ling 205 Final Dec 2005 NAME ID Page 1 of 12 University of Alberta LING 205 LEC A1. Final Examination Tuesday, Dec.

Unit 3 Consonants (1) Approaching consonants via anatomy and articulatory phonetics

LINGUISTICS 130 LECTURE #4 ARTICULATORS IN THE ORAL CAVITY

Outline.! Neural representation of speech sounds. " Basic intro " Sounds and categories " How do we perceive sounds? " Is speech sounds special?

Speech Generation and Perception

Variation in Voice Onset Time of Stops: The Case of Chinese Korean *

LINGUISTICS 221 LECTURE #6 Introduction to Phonetics and Phonology. Consonants (continued)

Voicing Contrast of Stops in the Palestinian Arabic Dialect

Cleft Palate Speech-Components and Assessment Voice and Resonance Disorders-ASLS-563. Key Components of Cleft Palate Speech.

Speech (Sound) Processing

Def. - the process of exchanging information and ideas

Laryngeal Kinematics in Voiceless Obstruents Produced by Hearingimpaired

A PALATOGRAPHIC INVESTIGATION OF PLACE OF ARTICULATION IN KOREAN CORONAL OBSTRUENTS

how stopped air is released when released with puff of air = aspirated when release is unaspirated, captured air is released into vowel (i.e.

Sylvia Rotfleisch, M.Sc.(A.) hear2talk.com HEAR2TALK.COM

Effect of Age, Gender, and Repeated Measures on Intraoral Air Pressure in Normal Adults. Susan G. Hiss, Kathleen Treole, and Andrew Stuart

Contributions of the piriform fossa of female speakers to vowel spectra

SLHS 1301 The Physics and Biology of Spoken Language. Practice Exam 2. b) 2 32

Morpho-Phonology of Zay

Efforts and coordination in the production of bilabial consonants

Kaytetye coronal contrasts without contours

Lexical Tone Effects on Voice Onset Time in Cantonese

The effects of intonation on acoustic properties of fricatives

Speech habilitation of hard of hearing adolescents using electropalatography and ultrasound as evaluated by trained listeners

Under no circumstances can she make any air pass through the larynx. SPEECH WITHOUT USING THE LARYNX. By E. W. SCRIPTURE.

Effect of tones on voice onset time (VOT) in Cantonese aspirated stops. Title. Lam, Chung-ling; 林松齡

CLEFT PALATE & MISARTICULATION

An MRI study of vocalic context effects and lip rounding in the production of English sibilants

Effects of Multi-talker Noise on the Acoustics of Voiceless Stop Consonants in Parkinson's Disease

This lecture. Acoustics. Speech production. Speech perception.

Resonance Disorders & Velopharyngeal Dysfunction

Acoustics of Speech and Environmental Sounds

Study of the voicing contrasts in English affricates Due 11/12

Essential Speech Skills for School-Age Children Who Stutter

Cognitive Processes PSY 334. Chapter 2 Perception

Cue-specific effects of categorization training on the relative weighting of acoustic cues to consonant voicing in English

ACOUSTIC ANALYSIS AND PERCEPTION OF CANTONESE VOWELS PRODUCED BY PROFOUNDLY HEARING IMPAIRED ADOLESCENTS

Speech production: disordered EPG data

Voice Aid Design Issues for Hearing Impaired

ACADEMIC EMPLOYMENT Lecturer in Phonetics and Phonology Department of Language and Linguistic Science University of York, York, UK

Linguistic Phonetics Fall 2005

Downloaded on T04:25:43Z. Title. Abnormal patterns of tongue-palate contact in the speech of individuals with cleft palate

Medical Terminology: The Language of Medicine

11 Music and Speech Perception

Acoustic Analysis of Nasal and Oral Speech of Normal versus Cleft Lip and Palate Asharani Neelakanth 1 Mrs. Umarani K. 2

Exercises for Lesson Seventeen (Consonant Lesson Five): Sue and Zoo

Linguistic Phonetics. Basic Audition. Diagram of the inner ear removed due to copyright restrictions.

Tyler Phillips Levee M.Cl.Sc (SLP) Candidate University of Western Ontario: School of Communication Sciences and Disorders

Production of Stop Consonants by Children with Cochlear Implants & Children with Normal Hearing. Danielle Revai University of Wisconsin - Madison

A perfect end: A study of syllable codas in South African Sign Language

An Experimental Acoustic Study of Dental and Interdental Nonsibilant Fricatives in the Speech of a Single Speaker * Mark J. Jones

The Effects of Simultaneous Communication on Production and Perception of Speech

Roots of Experimental Psychology: Psychophysics and Memory. Psychophysics: First Empirical Investigations of the Mind

Lecture 5. Brief review and more exercises for consonants Vowels Even more exercises

Phonetics is the study of vocal sounds. Phonetics and flight safety - An orodental view point. Gp Capt K Ravishankar *, Air Cmde GP Singh VSM +

Research Article Measurement of Voice Onset Time in Maxillectomy Patients

NORMAL ASPECTS OF COMMUNICATION

ACOUSTIC MOMENTS DATA

Fakultät ETIT Institut für Automatisierungstechnik, Professur für Prozessleittechnik. Dr. Engin YEŞİL. Introduction to Fuzzy Modeling & Control

ON THE DESIGN OF VISUAL FEEDBACK FOR THE REHABILITATION OF HEARING-IMPAIRED SPEECH

Fricative spectra vary in complex ways that depend. Toward Improved Spectral Measures of /s/: Results From Adolescents.

Shaheen N. Awan 1, Nancy Pearl Solomon 2, Leah B. Helou 3, & Alexander Stojadinovic 2

HCS 7367 Speech Perception

Effects of noise and filtering on the intelligibility of speech produced during simultaneous communication

ARTICULATION THERAPY FOR CHILDREN WITH CLEFT PALATE USING VISUAL ARTICULATORY MODELS AND ULTRASOUND BIOFEEDBACK

The Phonetic Characteristics in Patients of Bilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis Without Tracheotomy

Formant-cavity affiliation in sibilant fricatives. Martine Toda, Shinji Maeda and Kiyoshi Honda

Speech, Hearing and Language: work in progress. Volume 11

Speech: Something We Can Really Fix

CENTER FOR DRUG EVALUATION AND RESEARCH

Speech Cue Weighting in Fricative Consonant Perception in Hearing Impaired Children

Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics

Minerva Access is the Institutional Repository of The University of Melbourne

Reading Gestures by Light and Sound: A Comment on Lipreading by Ruth Campbell*

A CINE MRI-BASED STUDY OF SIBILANT FRICATIVES PRODUCTION IN POST- GLOSSECTOMY SPEAKERS

Tri-State Medical Center. Patient: Amy Curtis Sex: Female CA: 34 years old PROCEDURE NOTE

study. The subject was chosen as typical of a group of six soprano voices methods. METHOD

Sort of Alphabetic Table of IPA Characters (excluding the standard characters a-z, which you already know how to type)

Respiratory System. December 20, 2011

Quarterly Progress and Status Report. Method of correcting the voice pitch level of hard of hearing subjects

Results. Dr.Manal El-Banna: Phoniatrics Prof.Dr.Osama Sobhi: Audiology. Alexandria University, Faculty of Medicine, ENT Department

An Aerodynamic Evaluation of Parkinsonian Dysarthria: Laryngeal and Supralaryngeal Manifestations*

B. Correct! As air travels through the nasal cavities, it is warmed and humidified.

Hormonal effects on language and speech

Quarterly Progress and Status Report. From sagittal distance to area

Larynx - cartilaginous structure holding the vocal folds which protrude into airstream

Transcription:

Laryngeal Features and Sonorancy Eva Zimmermann & Jochen Trommer eva.zimmermann,jtrommer@uni-leipzig.de Universität Leipzig, Institut für Linguistik WS 2010/2011 Zimmermann&Trommer (Uni Leipzig) Laryngeal Features WS 2010/2011 1 / 38

The System of Clements & Hume Clements & Hume 1995 Zimmermann&Trommer (Uni Leipzig) Laryngeal Features WS 2010/2011 2 / 38

The System of Clements & Hume Zimmermann&Trommer (Uni Leipzig) Laryngeal Features WS 2010/2011 3 / 38

The System of Clements & Hume Formal connection between consonantal and vocalic place feature consonantal place [labial] relates to vocalic [round], e.g. Assimilation in Tulu (Kenstowicz 1994): accusative suffix is unrounded -ï unless it is preceded by a labial C or a round vowel, kaṭṭï bond but kappu blackness Zimmermann&Trommer (Uni Leipzig) Laryngeal Features WS 2010/2011 4 / 38

The System of Clements & Hume Formal connection between consonantal and vocalic place feature similar interactions can be found between dorsal consonants and back vowels or coronal consonants and front vowels as in (1) where back vowels u/o become front vowels ø/y after coronal C (1) Agn (Armenian), Hall et al. 2000 Zimmermann&Trommer (Uni Leipzig) Laryngeal Features WS 2010/2011 5 / 38

The System of Clements & Hume C-place and V-place: same set of features (Clements 1991) the same sets of features for consonantal and vocalic place specifications (2) Place features Vowels [labial] round [dorsal] back [coronal] front Zimmermann&Trommer (Uni Leipzig) Laryngeal Features WS 2010/2011 6 / 38

The System of Clements & Hume C-place and V-place: same set of features (Clements 1991) distinguished by their dominating node: C-pl and V-pl V-place dominated by C-place on another tier: spreading of vocalic place across an intervening C is possible captures the asymmetry that (full) spreading of V across C is possible but not vice versa (3) Coronal Fronting, e.g. Agn Zimmermann&Trommer (Uni Leipzig) Laryngeal Features WS 2010/2011 7 / 38

The System of Clements & Hume C-place and V-place: same set of features (Clements 1991) V-place features on consonants: secondary articulation this predicts that a consonant with a secondary articulation will block spreading of this (secondary) feature between vowels: this seems to be the case (cf. Kenstowicz 1994) (4) Complex segment vs. secondary articulation Zimmermann&Trommer (Uni Leipzig) Laryngeal Features WS 2010/2011 8 / 38

The System of Clements & Hume Place of articulation for vowels (Iverson 1982) the height feature for vowels are segregated from the place features: a seperate Aperture node evidence: vowel height may spread as single unit (Braz.Port) but: consonant voicing interacts with vocalic height/atr values as well and aperture features should not be restricted to vowels (Trigo 1991, Vaux 1996) (5) Vocalic place Zimmermann&Trommer (Uni Leipzig) Laryngeal Features WS 2010/2011 9 / 38

The System of Clements & Hume Zimmermann&Trommer (Uni Leipzig) Laryngeal Features WS 2010/2011 10 / 38

Oral Cavity The System of Clements & Hume cf. Supralaryngeal Node in McCarthy 1988 English intrusive stops: a stop intrudes between a nasal/lateral and a fricative, e.g. dense, false it is a hybrid segment that gets place and closure (oral cavity) from the preceding nasal/lateral and all other features from the following fricative Zimmermann&Trommer (Uni Leipzig) Laryngeal Features WS 2010/2011 11 / 38

The System of Clements & Hume Zimmermann&Trommer (Uni Leipzig) Laryngeal Features WS 2010/2011 12 / 38

Root Node The System of Clements & Hume cf. McCarthy 1988 (vocoid=converse of cons) sonority features are assigned directly to the root node since they never spread or delink as a class possible counter-evidence: Kaisse 1992 on vowel spreading in Turkish Zimmermann&Trommer (Uni Leipzig) Laryngeal Features WS 2010/2011 13 / 38

The System of Clements & Hume Zimmermann&Trommer (Uni Leipzig) Laryngeal Features WS 2010/2011 14 / 38

The System of Clements & Hume Laryngeal Features in Halle & Stevens 1971 [±spread glottis] [±constricted glottis] [±stiff vocal cords] [±slack vocal cords] Aspiration Glottalization stiff=voiced slack=voiceless Whereas some combinations, e.g. [+stiff, +slack] and [+constricted, +spread] are logically impossible Zimmermann&Trommer (Uni Leipzig) Laryngeal Features WS 2010/2011 15 / 38

The System of Clements & Hume Laryngeal Specifications in Halle & Stevens 1971 [+cg] and a voiceless stop = ejective [+cg] and a voiced stop = implosive... Zimmermann&Trommer (Uni Leipzig) Laryngeal Features WS 2010/2011 16 / 38

The System of Clements & Hume Laryngeal Features it has been noted, though, that phonological generalizations are restricted to the positively specified values [+c.g.], [+s.g.] and [+voice] e.g. neutralization processes typically replace aspirated/glottalized stops with the plain version (e.g. Klamath, Kenstowicz 1994) The laryngeal features might be privative rather than binary. Zimmermann&Trommer (Uni Leipzig) Laryngeal Features WS 2010/2011 17 / 38

The System of Clements & Hume One Laryngeal Node one node dominates the laryngeal features, cf. McCarthy 1988 spreading processes may affect aspiration and voicing as one set Zimmermann&Trommer (Uni Leipzig) Laryngeal Features WS 2010/2011 18 / 38

The System of Clements & Hume An Alternative concerning sonorancy and voicing The model in Avery & Rice (1989), Rice (1993) Zimmermann&Trommer (Uni Leipzig) Laryngeal Features WS 2010/2011 19 / 38

The System of Avery & Rice The Intuition: major Class Segregation Sonorants share specific (manner) features among each other, but not with obstruents Obstruents share specific (laryngeal) features among each other, but not with sonorants Zimmermann&Trommer (Uni Leipzig) Laryngeal Features WS 2010/2011 20 / 38

The Proposal (I) The System of Avery & Rice (True) Sonorants and (true) obstruents have different non-terminal nodes Obstruent Root Laryngeal Sonorant Root SonorantVoice Zimmermann&Trommer (Uni Leipzig) Laryngeal Features WS 2010/2011 21 / 38

The Proposal (II) The System of Avery & Rice Obstruents have standard laryngeal features under the Laryngeal node Sonorants have sonorant manner features under the SonorantVoice node SonorantVoice Laryngeal nasal lateral LaryngealVoice SpreadGlottis Zimmermann&Trommer (Uni Leipzig) Laryngeal Features WS 2010/2011 22 / 38

The Proposal (III) The System of Avery & Rice Root Laryngeal SV Voice Lateral (Nasal) Zimmermann&Trommer (Uni Leipzig) Laryngeal Features WS 2010/2011 23 / 38

The System of Avery & Rice Evidence for Major Class Segregation I: Voicing Assimilation in Dutch Obstruents in e.g. Dutch, there is a three-way contrast between: sonorants voiced obstruents voiceless obstruents voiced and voiceless obstruents alternate, sonorants do not Zimmermann&Trommer (Uni Leipzig) Laryngeal Features WS 2010/2011 24 / 38

The System of Avery & Rice Evidence for Major Class Segregation I: Voicing Assimilation in Dutch Obstruents Zimmermann&Trommer (Uni Leipzig) Laryngeal Features WS 2010/2011 25 / 38

The System of Avery & Rice Evidence for Major Class Segregation II: Manner Assimilation in English Level 1 Phonology in English, there is a (full) sonorant-sonorant assimilation that ignores obstruents Zimmermann&Trommer (Uni Leipzig) Laryngeal Features WS 2010/2011 26 / 38

The System of Avery & Rice Rice& Avery: Background Assumptions All features (terminal or non-terminal) are privative Many phonetic specifications are only inserted after phonology (e.g. nasals in many languages are phonologically underspecified sonorants) Syllable-final devoicing (delinking of laryngeal features) is universal Zimmermann&Trommer (Uni Leipzig) Laryngeal Features WS 2010/2011 27 / 38

The System of Avery & Rice Background Assumptions on Spreading Spreading can occur only if a structural target is present A feature or node can spread only to an empty position Zimmermann&Trommer (Uni Leipzig) Laryngeal Features WS 2010/2011 28 / 38

The System of Avery & Rice Voicing Assimilation in Dutch Obstruents: Analysis Zimmermann&Trommer (Uni Leipzig) Laryngeal Features WS 2010/2011 29 / 38

The System of Avery & Rice Manner Assimilation in English Level 1 Phonology: Analysis Zimmermann&Trommer (Uni Leipzig) Laryngeal Features WS 2010/2011 30 / 38

Language Type I The System of Avery & Rice True obstruents without laryngeal differentiation True sonorants 2way major-class system with no sonorant-obstruent interaction Obstruent Root Laryngeal Sonorant Root SonorantVoice Zimmermann&Trommer (Uni Leipzig) Laryngeal Features WS 2010/2011 31 / 38

Language Type I The System of Avery & Rice True obstruents without laryngeal differentiation True sonorants 2way major-class system with no sonorant-obstruent interaction Obstruent Root Laryngeal Sonorant Root SonorantVoice Zimmermann&Trommer (Uni Leipzig) Laryngeal Features WS 2010/2011 32 / 38

The System of Avery & Rice Language Type I: Ponapean Zimmermann&Trommer (Uni Leipzig) Laryngeal Features WS 2010/2011 33 / 38

The System of Avery & Rice Language Type II (Dutch) True voiceless obstruents True voiced obstruents True Sonorants 3way major-class system with no sonorant-obstruent interaction Zimmermann&Trommer (Uni Leipzig) Laryngeal Features WS 2010/2011 34 / 38

Language Type III The System of Avery & Rice Zimmermann&Trommer (Uni Leipzig) Laryngeal Features WS 2010/2011 35 / 38

The System of Avery & Rice Language Type III: Sonorant-Obstruent Interaction in English Level II Phonology Zimmermann&Trommer (Uni Leipzig) Laryngeal Features WS 2010/2011 36 / 38

A Problem The System of Avery & Rice Spreading of SonorantVoice in English should also affect [lateral] and [nasal] Avery & Rice: organizing nodes are copied, not spread Zimmermann&Trommer (Uni Leipzig) Laryngeal Features WS 2010/2011 37 / 38

Literatur The System of Avery & Rice Clements, G. N. (1991), Place of articulation in consonants and vowels: a unified theory, in Working Papers of the Cornell Phonetics Laboratory, Vol. 5, Cornell University, Ithaca, pp. 77-123. Halle, Morris, Bert Vaux and Andrew Wolfe (2000), On feature spreading and the representation of place of articulation, Linguistic Inquiry 31, 387-444. Halle, Morris and Kenneth Stevens (1971), A note on laryngeal features, Quarterly Progress Report 101, 198Ð213. Research Laboratory of Electronics, MIT. Iverson, Gregory K. (1983), On glottal width features, Lingua 60, 331-339. Kaisse, Ellen M. (1992), Can [consonantal] spread?, Language 68(2), 313-332. Kenstowicz, Michael (1994), Phonology in generative grammar, Cambridge MA: Blackwell. Trigo, L. (1991), On pharynx-larynx interactions, Phonology 8, 113-136. Vaux, Bert (1996), The status of ATR in feature geometry, Linguistic Inquiry 27, 175-182. Zimmermann&Trommer (Uni Leipzig) Laryngeal Features WS 2010/2011 38 / 38

2024 © healthdocbox.com Privacy Policy | Terms of Service | Feedback