LENTEGEUR SECONDARY GRADE 11 LIFE SCIENCES PAPER 1 NOVEMBER 2016 MARKS: 150 TIME: 2:30 INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 1. Answer all questions. 2. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this question paper. 3. Present your answers according to the instructions of each question. 4. All drawings should be done in pencil and labelled in blue or black ink. 5. Draw diagrams or flow charts only if ask to do so. 6. The diagrams or flow charts are NOT drawn to scale. 7. Do NOT use graph paper. 8. You may use a non-programmable calculator, protractor and compass. 9. Write neatly and legibly. SECTION A QUESTION 1 1.1 Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions. Choose the correct answer and write only the letter (A- D) next to the question number. 1.1.1 Study the diagram showing various parameter that influence the size of a population. Which one of the following parameters are indicated by W? A. Migration B. Natality C Predation D. Competition
2 1.1.2 Listed are stages in the test for the presence of starch in green plants? W Rinse the leaves thoroughly with water X Boil the leaves in water for 2 minutes Y immense the leaves in iodine solution Z Boil the leaves in alcohol until they are colourless The correct sequence in which these stages should be carried out, is A. W Y Z X B. Y X Z W C. X Z Y X D. X Z W Y Question 1.1.3 to 1.1.4 are based on the accompanying diagram. Study the diagram and answer the questions that follow. 1.1.13 The cells marked Q, are A. columnar epithelial B. squamous epithelial C. ciliated epithelial D. cuboidal epithelial 1.1.4 The blood vessel marked R is a branch of the A. Pulmonary vein B. Hepatic portal vein C. Hepatic vein D. Pulmonary artery 1.1.5 One difference between the renal artery and the renal vein is that the renal artery contains A. more urea B. more carbon dioxide C. less glucose D. less water 1.1.6 In what part of the human nephron would more of the glucose be reabsorbed? A. Glomerulus B. Distal convoluted tubule C. Proximal convoluted tubule D. capsule of Bowman 1.1.7 Which of the following are produced during photosynthesis? A. Glucose and oxygen B Carbon dioxide and oxygen B. Starch and water D. water and oxygen
3 Questions 1.1.8 and 1.1.9 are based on the accompanying diagram. Study the diagram and answer the questions 1.1.8 The structure marked K represents the A. brongiole B. bronchus C. oesophagus D. trachea 1.1.9 The balloons marked M will blow up when structure Y in the diagram is pulled downward. This is the result of a/an A. increase in pressure in on M and a decrease in the volume of K B. increase in pressure in on K and a decrease in the volume of M C. decrease in pressure in on M and a decrease in the volume of K D. increase in volume of K and a decrease in the pressure on M 1.1.10 Study the diagram below and answer the question that follows. Which part or parts of the leaf will test positive for carbohydrates A. Part X and Y B. Part Y only C. Part Z only D. Part X only 1.2 Give the correct biological term for each of the following descriptions. Write only the term next to the question number (1.2.1 to 1.2.10). 1.2.1 The green pigment in leaves that absorbs radiant energy 1.2.2 The chemical used to test for the presents of starch 10 x 2 = (20) 1.2.3 The maximum number of individuals that can be supported by an environment under prevailing conditions 1.2.4 The process of filtering the accumulated waste products of metabolism from the blood of a patient who had kidney failure 1.2.5 The phase of breathing that is accompanied by an increase in the volume of the chest cavity 1.2.6 The physical count of every individual in a population 1.2.7 The organic acid that accumulates in the muscle fibres during strenuous exercise 1.2.8 The removal of amino group form amino acid in the liver
4 1.2.9 The movement of blood plasma, excluding proteins, from the glomerulus into Bowman`s capsule 1.2.10 Seasonal movement of animals from one habitat to the next and back again. 10 x1 = (10) 1.3 Indicate whether each of the statements in COLUMN I applies to A only, B only, Both A and B or NONE of the items in CLOUMN II. Write A only, B only, Both A and B or NONE next to the question number. Column I Column II 1.3.1 Prevent food from entering the trachea during A. Cardiac sphlincter swallowing B. Epiglotis 1.3.2 Product of aerobic respiration A. Lactic acid B. Alcohol 1.3.3 Digestion of nutrients A. Small intestines B. Colon 1.3.4 Turns milky in the presents of carbon dioxide A. Clear lime water B. Soda lime 1.3.5 A product of cellular respiration which supply energy A. ATP needed for metabolic reactions in cells 1.3.6 An example of social organisation that increases the changes of survival B. Oxygen A. Division of labour in bees B. A herd of zebras 6 x 2 = (12) 1.4 Study the diagram below and answer the questions that follow. 1.4.1 Give the LETTER and NAME of the part where a. Bile is temporally stored (2) b. The hormones that control blood glucose level are secreted (2)
SECTION B QUESTION 2 5 c. Digested food passes into the blood steam. (2) d. Chyme is produced and the ph is about 2,5. (2) (8) SECTION A: [50] 2.1 When light shine on pondweed. Eloda sp. Bubbles of gas are released. The rate at which bubbles of gas are produced can be used to measure the rate of photosynthesis. An investigation was carried out to study the effect of different colours of light on the rate of photosynthesis in the pondweed. The pondweed was exposed to one colour of light and left for 5 minutes before measurements were taken. The time for the release of 20 bubbles was recorded. The procedure was repeated using light of a different colour of equal intensity The apparatus was set up as shown in the diagram below. The results are shown in the table below. COLOUR OF LIGHT TIME TAKEN TO RELEASE 20 BUBBLES (SECONDS) Violet 80 Blue 40 Green 160 Yellow 140 Red 70 2.1.1 Which colour light is the best for photosynthesis? (1) 2.1.2 State the: a. Independent variable (1) b. Dependent variable (1) 2.1.3 Calculate the average time taken for the release of 20 bubbles for ALL colours. Show all Calculations. (3) 2.1.4 Express bubble production under violet, blue and green light as a ratio. (2)
6 2.1.5 Without modifying the apparatus, how could the reliability of the results be increased (1) 2.1.6 Explain why the apparatus is left for 5 minutes under each colour of light before taking measurements (2) 2.1.7 Draw a bar graph of the results shown in the table. (8) (19) 2.2 The diagram below represents an experiment in which the apparatus was place in a warm place for some time. The sugar (grapes) solution was first boiled and then cooled down before yeast was added. Study the diagram and answer the questions that follow. 2.2.1 What is the aim of the experiment? (2) 2.2.2 Name one function of each of the following in the investigation: a. Lime water (1) b. rubber stopper (1) 2.2.3 Why should the sugar solution be boiled before yeast is added? (2) 2.2.4 Name two new substances that may form in the sugar solution during the experiment. (2) 2.2.5 How would you set up a control for this experiment? (2) (10)
7 2.3 The graphs below show the average variation in the levels of blood and insulin over a six-hour period for ten people with normal glucose levels. (A normal glucose level is 100mg per 100cm3.) Two meals were eaten and a period of exercise occurred at the times shown. 2.3.1 What effect does the following have on the blood glucose level? a. a meal (1) b. a period of exercise (1) 2.3.2 Describe the effect of insulin on the blood glucose level. (3) 2.3.3 Give a reason for each of the following experimental procedures: a. taking the average level for a group of people rather than for a single person. (2) b. Using only people with normal glucose levels. (2)
8 2.3.4 How long after the first meal does it take fot the blood glucose level to return back to normal? (2) (11) QUESTION 2 [40] QUESTION 3 3.1 A scientist wanted to investigate if the altitude at which people live affects the number of red blood cells in their blood. She counted the red blood cells in the blood of healthy people who were living permanently at five different altitudes. The table below shows the results of her investigation. Study the information in the table and answer the questions that follow. HEIGHT ABOVE SEA LEVEL NUMBER OF RED BLOOD CELLS IN THE BLOOD (millions per mm 3 ) 0 5,0 1000 5,5 2100 6,2 3200 7,1 4000 8,0 3.1.1 Write down a hypothesis that the scientist could have been testing in her investigation. (2) 3.1.2 Name two constant variables in this investigation. (2) 3.1.3 Describe the changes in the number of red blood cells as the altitude changes. (2) 3.1.4 Describe the importance of the changes you mentioned in question 3.1.3 (3) 3.1.5 Members of the New Zealand rugby team, who live at coast, say that they get tired and do not perform as well towards the end of a test in Johannesburg. This does not happen to them when they play in Cape Town, a coastal city. Explain why this is so, using the information in the table. (4) (13) 3.2 The flow diagram below shows a certain type of plant succession that starts on bare rock that has never been inhibited/colonised previously. 3.2.1 Name the type succession involving the organisms in the diagram. (1) 3.2.2 Give a reason for your answer in question 3.2.1. (1) 3.2.3 Write down the collective term for the plants in box 2, based on their role in succession. (1) 3.2.4 State the role of the organisms mentioned in question 3.2.3 in succession. (2) (5) 9
3.3 The Colorado Beetle is a pest because it feeds on potato crops. In an investigation, the population of beetles in a 2000 m 2 potato field estimated as described below: A sample of beetles from the field was collected and counted. Each beetle was marked with a spot of paint and then released back into the field Three days later a second sample was collected and counted. The number of marked beetles in this second sample was noted The results are shown in the table below Number of beetles that were marked and released Number of beetle in the second sample Number of marked beetle in the second sample 500 450 5 The population of beetles can be estimated using the following formula P = M xc R P = population estimate M = number of beetles captured and marked C = number of beetles recaptured R = number of marked beetles in the second capture 3.3.1 Calculate the population size of beetles in the field. Show all calculations. (3) 3.3.2 State whether the population size of the beetles will be UNDERESTIMATED or OVERESTIMATED under the following conditions. a. Some of the marks on the beetles wear off before the second catch. (1) b. The second sample is taken from the same place as the first, long after the first sample was taken. (1) (5) 3.4 The diagram below shows a longitudinal section through a human kidney. 3.4.1 Provide labels for parts marked A, B, C and D. (4) 3.4.2 Give the name and number of the part of the kidney in which filtration of blood occur? (2) 3.4.3 About 180 litres of glomerular filtrate is formed every day in the nephrons of the kidneys, but only 1,5 litres of urine are formed. What happens to the rest of the liquid? (2) (8) 10
3.5 Kidney stones are one of the most common disorders of the kidney. 3.5.1 Describe how are kidney stones formed? (2) 3.5.2 Name two ways how kidney stones can be treated. (2) (4) 3.6. Make a labelled diagram of the Malphigian body. (5) SECTION 4 QUESTION 4 QUESTION 3 [40] 4.1 A male and ten female Impala were introduced into a section of a game reserve that previously contained no Impala. The following graph illustrate the growth of the Impala population. The dotted line graph (X) shows the theoretical maximum rate at which the population could have increased, while the solid line graph (Y) is the actual rate of population growth. Bearing in mind that no hunting took place, describe both types of growth patterns (X and Y) as it would occur at each phase of growth in the Impala population. Content: 17 Synthesis: 03 Total: 20 GRAND TOTAL: [150]