Name: Date: Block: Biology 12 Provincial Exam Review: Cell Processes and Applications January 2003 Use the following diagram to answer questions 1 and 2. 1. Which labelled organelle produces most of the ATP in the cell? A. V B. W C. Y D. Z 2. Which labelled organelle has a bilayer of phospholipids and pores through which mrna passes? A. U B. V C. X D. Y 3. What could be produced by a cell with a large amount of smooth endoplasmic reticulum? A. enzymes B. antibodies C. hemoglobin D. testosterone Use the following diagram to answer question 4. 4. What type of bond is represented by X? A. ionic B. peptide C. covalent D. hydrogen 5. Gastric juice contains a high concentration of which of the following? A. H B. bile C. OH + D. NaHCO3 6. Which of the following are lipids? A. ATP B. DNA C. steroids D. glycogen
Use the following diagram to answer question 7. 7. Which labelled part of the molecule is associated with energy storage? A. W B. X C. Y D. Z 8. What is found in RNA but not in DNA? A. uracil B. thymine C. deoxyribose D. sugar-phosphate backbone 9. During what process are polypeptides assembled at the ribosomes? A. hydrolysis B. translation C. replication D. transcription 13. What process does not require the use of ATP? A. exocytosis B. pinocytosis C. active transport D. facilitated transport 14. Which of the following is an example of pinocytosis? A. Transport vesicles are formed at the Golgi bodies. B. Small particles move because of osmotic pressure. C. Large molecules are engulfed and brought into the cell. D. A white blood cell forms a vacuole around a bacterium. 15. What will happen to an animal cell when it is placed into a concentrated salt solution? A. It will excrete salt. B. Its volume will decrease. C. It will absorb more water. D. Its volume will remain the same. Use the following diagram to answer question 16. 16. What could the structure labelled X contain? A. bacteria B. glycogen C. white blood cells D. protein molecules 17. Increased secretion by the thyroid gland results in which of the following? A. increased use of oxygen B. decreased body temperature
C. increased synthesis of glycogen D. decreased carbon dioxide production 18. What could be added to an enzyme-catalyzed reaction to decrease its rate? A. enzymes B. substrate C. lead ions D. coenzymes Use the following graph to answer question 19. 19. What would cause the change in the rate of the enzyme-catalyzed reaction at X? A. an increase in enzyme concentration B. an increase in the temperature to 37 C C. a decrease in the substrate concentration D. a decrease in the competitive inhibitor concentration June 2003 1. Which of the following cells could produce the greatest amount of lipase? 2. Phagocytosis involves the infolding of what structure? A. the nucleolus B. the mitochondria C. the cell membrane D. the smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Use the following diagram to answer question 3. 3. The polarity of the molecule above accounts for which of the following characteristics? A. an acidic ph B. low density as a liquid C. its ability to act as a solvent D. its ability to buffer reactions Use the following diagram to answer questions 4 and 5. 4. What does the molecule labelled Y represent? A. ATP B. water C. oxygen D. carbon dioxide 5. If the molecules at X represent amino acids, then what does the molecule at Z represent? A. insulin B. glycerol C. glycogen D. messenger RNA Use the following diagram to answer question 6. 6. What is the molecule illustrated above? A. glycogen B. a nucleotide C. an amino acid D. a disaccharide Use the following diagram to answer question 7. 7. Where in the cell does this process take place? A. in the nucleus B. in the ribosome C. in the Golgi body D. in the rough endoplasmic reticulum
8. Which of the following are characteristics of DNA but not of RNA? Use the following diagram to answer questions 9, 10 and 11. 9. What process produces molecule X? A. translation B. replication C. denaturation D. transcription 10. What type of bond joins the structure in box Y with the structure in box Z? A. ionic B. peptide C. covalent D. hydrogen 11. What two components are part of the structure shown in box Y? A. ribose and guanine B. ribose and cytosine C. deoxyribose and uracil D. deoxyribose and adenine 12. What is produced during translation? A. messenger RNA B. steroid hormones C. a polypeptide chain D. new DNA molecules 13. What molecules act as carriers of glucose in the cell membrane? A. proteins B. nucleic acids C. phospholipids D. carbohydrates 14. Which of the following describes active transport? A. Water moves across the cell membrane. B. Small molecules are pushed into the tissue fluid by blood pressure. C. Molecules are moved against the concentration gradient using energy. D. Molecules are moved with the concentration gradient without using energy. Use the following list to answer question 15.
15. How many of the conditions above would affect the rate of diffusion across a semipermeable membrane? A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 3 Use the following diagram to answer question 16. 16. What is the next step in the process shown above? A. Water is drawn into the cell. B. Enclosed substances leave the cell. C. A lysosome fuses with the vacuole. D. A vesicle fuses with the cell membrane. August 2003 1. What organelle contains enzymes that hydrolyze proteins? A. ribosomes B. lysosomes C. rough endoplasmic reticulum D. smooth endoplasmic reticulum Use the following diagram to answer question 2. 2. Which labelled structure modifies polypeptides produced at the rough endoplasmic reticulum? A. W B. X C. Y D. Z 3. Which of the following increases in concentration when amino acids are dissolved in water? A. H B. OH C. HCO 3 - D. COOH 4. What is the empirical formula of a carbohydrate? A. CH 4 B. CHO C. CHO 2 D. C 6 H 12 O 6
5. Which of the following would function as a structural component of plant cell walls? 6. What accounts for the secondary structure of a protein molecule? A. hydrolysis B. denaturation C. ionic bonding D. hydrogen bonding 7. Which of the following is an example of complementary base pairing? A. guanine uracil B. adenine cytosine C. cytosine thymine D. cytosine guanine 8. Which of the following is a characteristic of replication? A. Sugar joins to phosphate groups, producing new DNA. B. Anticodons bond to codons by complementary base pairing, producing proteins. C. Adenine bonds with thymine and cytosine bonds with guanine, producing mrna. D. Adenine bonds with uracil and cytosine bonds with guanine, producing new DNA. 9. What is meant by the term unzipping as it occurs during replication? A. denaturing of the DNA molecule B. formation of temporary bonds between mrna and trna C. breaking the bonds between the bases of DNA nucleotides D. breaking the bonds between the sugar and phosphate molecules Use the following diagram to answer question 10. 10. Which of the following correctly identifies the parts labelled W, X, Y and Z?
13. Which of the following does not affect the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction? A. ph B. temperature C. osmotic pressure D. substrate concentration 14. Vitamins act as which of the following in biochemical reactions? A. buffers B. enzymes C. substrates D. coenzymes November 2003 Use the following diagram to answer questions 1 and 2. 1. Which of the following best describes the function of the structure labelled X? A. It produces ATP. B. It produces lipids. C. It produces ribosomal RNA. D. It stores hydrolytic enzymes. 2. Which of the following could be produced at the structure labelled Y? A. rrna B. trna C. testosterone D. hemoglobin 3. What is the function of the nucleolus? A. It produces mrna. B. It produces ribosomal subunits. C. It provides a site for transcription. D. It provides a site for ATP production. Use the following diagram to answer question 4. 4. This unit molecule is a component of which of the following polymers? A. protein B. fatty acid C. nucleic acid D. polysaccharide Use the following diagram to answer question 5. 5. What is the molecule above? A. glucose B. maltose C. cellulose D. glycogen
Use the following diagram to answer question 6. 6. What part of the molecule above allows it to serve as the energy currency of cells? A. W B. X C. Y D. Z Use the following diagram to answer question 7. 7. What determines the level of protein structure in the molecule above? A. dehydration synthesis of amino acids B. hydrogen bonding between amino acids C. two or more polypeptides forming the molecule D. covalent bonding between the R-groups of amino acids Use the following diagram to answer question 8. 8. Which of the following molecules is a major structural component of the organelle above? A. starch B. glucose C. neutral fat D. phospholipid 9. What property of water allows it to form hydrogen bonds? A. It has a neutral ph. B. Its molecules are polar. C. It is an excellent solvent. D. Its molecules can dissociate. 10. What is the function of HCO3 - (bicarbonate ion) when it helps to maintain the blood ph at about 7.4? A. to act as a base B. to act as an acid C. to buffer the blood D. to catalyze reactions 11. During which process would adenine bond with thymine but not uracil? A. translation B. replication C. transcription D. dehydration synthesis
12. Which of the following is found in RNA but not in DNA? A. ribose B. adenine C. maltose D. phosphate 13. What is the percentage of guanine in a DNA sample containing 20% thymine? A. 10% B. 20% C. 30% D. 40% Use the following diagram to answer question 14. 14. In which organelle does the above process occur? A. nucleus B. nucleolus C. rough endoplasmic reticulum D. smooth endoplasmic reticulum 15. Consider the following portion of an mrna strand: UAC GGG AUA What are the anticodons that will be paired to this strand? A. AT G CCC TAT B. AT A GGG TAC C. AUG CCC UAU D. UAC GGG AUA 16. During transcription, hydrogen bonds form between which of the following? A. amino acid pairs B. mrna and DNA C. mrna and ribosomes D. sugar and phosphate molecules 17. Which of the following describes the fluid-mosaic model of a cell membrane? A. phospholipids floating in a layer of glycoproteins B. cholesterol embedded between a double layer of protein C. a layer of protein molecules between two layers of cellulose D. protein molecules embedded in a double layer of phospholipids 18. Which of the following is an example of osmosis? A. the absorption of water by the large intestine B. the absorption of amino acids by the small intestine C. the movement of carbon dioxide into the blood from the tissues D. the movement of fluids from the glomerulus to Bowman s capsule 19. Which of the following processes results in the production of ADP and phosphate? A. the absorption of water by the large intestine B. the absorption of oxygen into the blood by the alveoli C. the movement of carbon dioxide from the tissues to the blood D. the re-absorption of glucose by the proximal convoluted tubule 20. What process allows chloride ions to move into a cell without the use of energy? A. osmosis B. endocytosis C. active transport D. facilitated transport
Use the following diagram to answer question 21. 21. What is the structure labelled X? A. a vesicle B. a glycoprotein C. a phospholipid D. a channel protein 22. What occurs when a cell is placed in a solution that has a higher concentration of solute than its cytoplasm? A. The volume of the cell increases. B. More solute diffuses out of the cell. C. More water leaves the cell than enters the cell. D. The concentration of solute in the cell decreases. 23. How do enzymes increase the rate of a reaction? A. They produce energy. B. They become denatured. C. They produce coenzymes. D. They decrease the energy of activation. 24. Why does maltase hydrolyze maltose but not starch? A. Maltose is a vitamin. B. Starch denatures the tertiary structure of maltase. C. The active site of maltase is complementary to maltose. D. Maltose provides activation energy and starch does not. 25. How are coenzymes involved in enzymatic reactions? A. They provide atoms for the reaction. B. They increase enzyme concentration. C. They provide energy for the reaction. D. They increase substrate concentration. 26. What is the function of thyroxin? A. to cause ovulation B. to increase metabolic rate C. to decrease the rate of digestion D. to control the concentration of sodium ions in the blood Use the following graph to answer question 27.
27. The graph shows changes in the reaction rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. What accounts for the shape of the graph between X and Y? A. There is not enough substrate. B. All the active sites are occupied. C. More coenzyme has been added. D. Heavy metal ions have been added. Use the following diagram to answer question 28. 28. In an experiment, substrate S was added to a beaker containing equal amounts of enzymes E1 to E7. The metabolic pathway in the diagram shows the reactions that occurred. After 15 minutes a competitive inhibitor for E3 is added to the beaker and the reactions continue to completion. What would occur? A. The rate of production of T would increase. B. The rate of production of Z would increase. C. The rate of production of X would increase. D. The rate of production of E4 would decrease. Multiple Choice Answer Key 1. C 2. A 3. D 4. D 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. A 9. B 13. D 14. C 15. B 16. D 17. A 18. C 19. C January 2003 June 2003 August 2003 November 2003 1. A 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. D 7. A 8. B 9. D 13. A 14. C 15. D 16. C 1. B 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. D 7. D 8. A 9. C 10. D 13. C 14. D 1. D 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. D 9. B 10. C 11. B 12. A 13. C 14. A 15. C 16. B 17. D 18. A 19. D 20. D 21. A 22. C 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. B 28. B The short answer questions and answers can be found on the ministry of education website.