Hip Dysplasia. One of most common skeletal diseases in dogs Incidence in cats is lower than in dogs

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One of most common skeletal diseases in dogs Incidence in cats is lower than in dogs Hip Dysplasia Breeds: Large breed dogs St. Bernard, G. Shepherd, Labs, Golden Ret, Rottweiler

Positive Ortolani Sign Lateral recumbency Femur pushed upward toward the spine If laxity exists, the head of the femur subluxates out of the acetabulum

Positive Ortolani Sign From this position, the leg is then abducted (moved outward from the body)

Positive Ortolani Sign The head of the femur falls back into the acetabulum and a clunk or pop can be felt

Hip Dysplasia: OFA guidelines Borderline no consensus between radiologists to classify hip as Normal or Dysplastic

PennHip Method Looks at 3 separate radiographs Distraction View Compression View Extended Hip View

Total Hip Replacement and FHO

TPO

Hip Dysplasia

Hip Dysplasia Advanced

Elbow Dysplasia

FCP

Still can t tell?

Try Cranial-Caudal Views

UAP

LCP

Legg-Perthes Disease Collapse of femoral head 14 mo post-op FHO

OCD: Pathology

OCD: Shoulder m. atrophy

OCD: Dx

OCD: lesion OCD Great Dane humeral heads normal

OCD: Arthroscopy

Normal Cat Stifle (right)

OCD Cat Left Stifle

Panosteitis

P a n o s t e i t i s

Panosteitis

Hypertrophic Osteodystrophy (HOD)

HOD

Hypertrophic Osteodystrophy (HOD)

Hypertrophic Osteopathy Skeletal changes are merely an outward manifestation of some underlying systemic disease, usually neoplastic in nature 95% of the time, pulmonary neoplasia The other 5% of the time? Spirocerca lupi The esophageal worm ; deep south & Mexico Dirofilaria immitis Heartworm disease; everywhere Other

Hypertrophic Osteopathy

All Legs Affected hot, swollen, painful H E A R T W O R M

Hip Luxation Hit by horse

Hip Luxation Coonhound jumped off balcony after a bird

Ehmer Sling A true Ehmer sling encircles the animal s body

Hip Luxation Treatment Open reduction = surgical reduction of the luxation (1) Capsulorrhaphy Resuture the torn capsule. Often there isn t enough capsule left to suture

Hip Luxation Treatment (2) Toggle Pin Drill hole through femoral head Drill hole through acetabulum Use toggle pin on inside of pelvis Anchor suture to toggle pin; run the suture backwards through the acetabulum and femur and secure.

Hip Luxation Treatment (3) Prosthetic Capsule Screws placed in the dorsolateral acetabulum. Hole drilled through neck of femur. Suture passed from screws through hole in neck and tightened.

Hip Luxation Treatment (4) Greater Trochanter Translocation Trochanteric osteotomy.. Reflect gluteal musculature proximally Using osteotome and mallet, prepare new site caudal and distal to normal location. Secure with small pins and orthopedic wire

MMM Acute Phase

MMM Chronic Phase

Feline Hypokalemic Polymyopathy

Declaw Considered inhumane by some people Outlawed in many European countries San Francisco advises against it It is an amputation of the distal phalanx of cat s toes

Declaw Postop Complications Owners need to be aware that significant lameness may result for up to 2 weeks after surgery Radial neuropraxia is a complication from a tourniquet that was applied too tightly

Dock Tails Also banned in some European countries Done at 2-5 days old No anesthesia 1 stitch

Initial Presentation Osteomyelitis 8 weeks of antibiotics

Osteomyelitis Initial Presentation 8 weeks of antibiotics

Sequestrum

Sequestrum Horse

Sequestrum TPLO

Sequestrum Alpaca