Leucine, Ageing and Sarcopenia MARILIA SEELAENDER
Carolynhansenfitness.com Dietary protein and muscle in older persons. Paddon-Jones, Douglas; Leidy, Heather Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care. 17(1):5-11, January 2014. DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000000011
Dietary protein and muscle in older persons. Paddon-Jones, Douglas; Leidy, Heather www.fyffes.com Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care. 17(1):5-11, January 2014. DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000000011
GENDER-RELATED DIFFERENCES
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NUTRITION
Dietary protein Livestrong.com
ANIMAL PROTEIN MUFA
AA are more efficient than intact protein Nutrients 2016 295
http://www.vitalisplus.ch BCAA MORE THAN ONE THIRD OF MUSCLE PROTEIN!
LEUCINE BUILDIND BLOCK FOR PROTEIN SYNTHESIS NUTRITIONAL SIGNAL: INSULIN DEPENDENT AND INDEPENDENT MECHANISMS PHARMACONUTRIENT WITH THE LARGEST ANABOLIC PROPERTIES LEU PRIMARY STIMULUS FOR POSTPRANDIAL MUSCLE PROTEIN SYNTHESIS CLINICALLY RELEVANT IN ELDERLY ANTI-INFLAMMATORY/REDUCES Oxidative stress
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Journal of Vascular Surgery 45(3):554-9; discussion 559-60 April 2007 JAMA Published online October 9, 2013
ANABOLIC RESISTANCE?
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 13, 127-133 (February 2012)
Physiological Reviews Published 1 July 2011 Vol. 91 no. 3, 1023-1070 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00024.2010
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12 weeks 1x 32 g oral supplementation Exercise 5xWK
Male adults Acute ingestion Forearm biopsy
Sedentary older adults 12g/d 2 weeks
30 min 180 min
Alone or + Exercise
http://cvregen.com/
LEU in combination (nutrientes/exercise) or alone?
13 wk randomized >55
380 sarcopenic older adults 13 weeks 40g Whey + 6g LEU 1600 IU vitd/day
Is Leucine supplementation safe?
LEUCINE IS SAFE AND HAS BEEN NOR REPORTED TO COMPROMISE GUT ABSORPTION 38.5 g/d/70kg
J Nutr. 1995 Jul;125(7):1884-93. Leucine affects the metabolism of valine by isolated perfused rat hearts: relation to branched-chain amino acid antagonism. Torres N 1, Tovar AR, Harper AE. Author information Abstract This study was conducted to determine the effects of different concentrations of leucine on the transport, transamination and oxidation of valine and on incorporation of valine into heart proteins in the isolated perfused rat heart. Valine metabolism was studied in rat hearts perfused with medium containing glucose and graded levels of L-leucine. In transport studies L-phenylalanine was also tested. Uptake of L-[1-14C]valine (0.2 mmol/l) was significantly reduced (-50%) by inclusion of 0.2 mmol/l phenylalanine or leucine, and by -70% by inclusion of 1.0 mmol/l phenylalanine or leucine in the perfusate. Transamination of valine decreased by 37 and 48%, and oxidation of valine by 53 and 71%, respectively, when 0.2 or 1.0 mmol/l leucine was included in the perfusate. Tissue concentrations of valine decreased by 43, 48 and 62% in the presence of 0.2, 0.5 and 1.0 mmol/l leucine, respectively; tissue concentrations of leucine, glutamate and alanine increased approximately 11-fold, 1.2-fold and 0.5-fold, respectively, when 1.0 mmol/l leucine was present in the perfusate. Addition of 0.2-1.0 mmol/l leucine did not affect incorporation of valine into heart proteins. We conclude that 1) competition among large neutral amino acids for transport into heart occurs at physiological concentrations of these amino acids in plasma; 2) inhibition of valine uptake by leucine can limit the rate of valine catabolism in heart; and 3) depletion of tissue valine concentration by an excess of leucine did not affect the rate of protein synthesis
Why LEU supplementation for older adults? Ageing induces: Loss of apetite Neuroendocrine changes Change in muscle protein turnover Decreased muscle oxidative capacity Augmented ROS and inflammation Decreased AA sensing Decreased muscle regeneration LEU supplementation : Improved insulin signalling Increased muscle protein synthesis/regeneration Decreased muscle proteolysis Increased muscle oxidation capacity Enhanced muscle function No toxicity under 550 mg/kg
Charles Eugster: the world s fittest 91-year-old
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