CHAPTER 13 DIRECTED READING WORKSHEET Animals and Behavior As you read Chapter 13, which begins on page 302 of your textbook, answer the following questions. This Really Happened... (p. 302) 1a. What did Ridgely and Navarette hear while they were hiking in the mountains? b. What did the answer to (a) sound like? 2. The bird Navarette and Ridgely discovered a. has a long tail. c. has short legs. b. eats seeds. d. does not have a name yet. What Do You Think? (p. 303) Answer these questions in your ScienceLog now. Then later, you ll have a chance to revise your answers based on what you ve learned. Investigate! (p. 303) 3. What is the purpose of this activity? Section 1: What Is an Animal? (p. 304) 4. Natural bath sponges used to be living plants. True or False? 5. Describe the smallest animal you ve ever seen. CHAPTER 13 DIRECTED READING WORKSHEETS 85
The Animal Kingdom (p. 304) 6. Which of the following lists contains types of organisms that are NOT animals? a. corals, birds, kangaroos b. dolphins, cactuses, whales c. spiders, humans, sponges d. sea anemones, fish, slugs Use Figure 3 to determine whether each of the following types of animals is an invertebrate or a vertebrate. In the space provided, write I if it is an invertebrate and V if it is a vertebrate. 7. beetles 8. mammals 9. worms 10. spiders That s an Animal? (p. 305) Mark each of the following statements True or False. 11. All animals are multicellular. 12. Animal cells are prokaryotic. 13. Some animals can reproduce asexually. 14. In the stage of its development, an organism is called an embryo. 15. Which of the following specialized parts are organs? (Circle all that apply.) a. muscles c. heart b. kidneys d. nerves 16. Animals are the only organisms that can move. True or False? 17. Plants can make their own food, but animals cannot. How do animals survive? Review (p. 307) Now that you ve finished Section 1, review what you learned by answering the Review questions in your ScienceLog. 86 HOLT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Section 2: Animal Behavior (p. 308) 1. The activities that animals perform, such as building homes and stalking food, are called. Survival Behavior (p. 308) 2. Survival behaviors help animals find food, water, and a place to live, and help them avoid being eaten. True or False? 3. Animals use different methods in order to obtain the most for the least amount of. 4. Predators hunt and eat other, called prey. 5. Use the text to give one example of an animal that uses camouflage. 6. How does the hooded pitohui bird defend itself from predators? a. Its bite injects a powerful acid into its attacker. b. It is covered in spines. c. It can spray a chemical that smells very bad. d. Its skin contains a toxin that can kill a predator. 7. Warning coloration is helpful to prey because it keeps prey from being eaten. Why is warning coloration sometimes helpful to predators? Why Do They Behave That Way? (p. 310) CHAPTER 13 8. Animals always know instinctively what to do. True or False? 9. Innate behaviors are influenced by and do not depend on experience or. 10. Innate behavior cannot be changed. True or False? DIRECTED READING WORKSHEETS 87
11. The tendency of humans to speak is a(n) behavior but the language we speak is a(n) behavior. Review (p. 310) Now that you ve finished the first part of Section 2, review what you learned by answering the Review questions in your ScienceLog. Seasonal Behavior (p. 311) 12. What are two ways animals deal with winter? 13. The only reason animals travel from one place to another and back again is to find food and water. True or False? 14. Which of the following does NOT happen during hibernation? a. The animal s heart rate drops. b. The animal survives on stored body fat. c. The animal s temperature increases. d. The animal does not wake for weeks at a time. 15. Sometimes desert animals experience an internal slowdown during the summer. True or False? The Rhythms of Life (p. 312) 16. To set their biological clock, animals use clues such as the of the and the. 17. Circadian rhythms are daily cycles. What is an example of a circadian rhythm? How Do Animals Find Their Way? (p. 312) 18. Arctic terns have to to make their 38,000 km round trip. 88 HOLT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
19. All of the landmarks that animals use to navigate are things that they can see, such as mountains and rivers. True or False? 20. Look at the Physical Science Connection on page 313. Migratory birds have crystals of a mineral called magnetite above their nostrils. How do scientists think this mineral helps them? Review (p. 313) Now that you ve finished Section 2, review what you learned by answering the Review questions in your ScienceLog. Section 3: Living Together (p. 314) 1. The between animals of the same species requires communication. Communication (p. 314) 2. What two things must happen for communication to occur between two animals? 3. Why are the cranes in Figure 17 dancing? a. They are telling each other where to find food. b. The dance leads to mating. c. They are frightening away predators. d. They are warning each other of danger. 4. The wolves in Figure 18 are howling to defend their living space from other wolves. True or False? CHAPTER 13 How Do Animals Communicate? (p. 315) 5. Animals use their senses, such as sight and touch, to convey information. DIRECTED READING WORKSHEETS 89
6. Which of the following messages do ants communicate using pheromones? (Circle all that apply.) a. Danger! c. Follow me! b. I m from your colony. d. I m your friend. 7. Insects use some of the same pheromones to attract mates that elephants use. True or False? Match the noise in Column B with the type of animal that uses that noise for communication in Column A, and write the corresponding letter in the space provided. Column A 8. elephants 9. male birds 10. dolphins 11. wolves Column B a. songs b. low rumbles c. howls d. complex clicks 12. Fireflies blinking and humans winking are both examples of communication. True or False? 13. Look at the diagram on page 316. If you were a honeybee, how would learning the waggle dance help you find food? Part of the Family (p. 317) 14. Look at the ground squirrel in Figure 23. What is one benefit and one downside to living in a group? Review (p. 317) Now that you ve finished Section 3, review what you learned by answering the Review questions in your ScienceLog. 90 HOLT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY