Carey A. Welebob Division Director TDCJ-CJAD
How does understanding criminogenic needs correlate to the new Texas Risk Assessment System (TRAS)? Why is this important for the criminal justice population? criminal justice population?
Risk Principle Responsivity Principle Dosage Treatment Principle Need Principle
who to target Target those offenders with higher probability of recidivism; Provide more intensive services to higher-risk offenders; and Let lower risk offenders self-correct
Determine how treatment and services should be provided Individualize the intervention to the learning style, motivation, abilities and strengths of the offender
Offenders respond differently to treatment strategies Offenders adjust differently to correctional environments Think of this as barriers to treatment Assessment of responsivity is important to maximize benefits of treatment
Structure 40-70% of high risk offenders time for 3-9 months
how to target The most effective programs are behavioral in The most effective programs are behavioral in nature Focus on present circumstances Primarily action oriented Continually teach new skills
what to target Criminogenic Needs Attributes of offenders that are directly linked to criminal behavior. The term criminogenic relates to factors identified in research as predictors of crime or related to recidivism. i
Antisocial Behavior (History) Antisocial Personality Antisocial Attitudes (Criminal Thinking) Criminal Associates Family/Marital Employment/School Leisure/Recreation Substance Abuse
By assessing and targeting offenders criminogenic needs we can reduce the likelihood of recidivism Intervention must be focused and target the needs that are related to risk
Antisocial Behavior.Early & continued involvement in a number of antisocial acts Antisocial Personality.Adventurous, pleasure seeking, low self control, restlessly aggressive Criminal Thinking...Attitudes, beliefs, values & rationalizations supportive of crime; emotional states of anger, resentment & defiance Criminal Associates.Close association with criminals & relative isolation from pro-social people Family/Marital..Lack of nurturance, caring or close monitoring & supervision Employment/School Low levels of performance & satisfaction Leisure/Recreation..Low levels of involvement & satisfaction in antisocial activities Substance Abuse..Abuse of alcohol and/or drugs
Antisocial Behavior.Noncriminal alternative behaviors in risky situations Antisocial Personality.Problem solving, self management, coping & anger management skills Criminal Thinking...Less risky thinking & feelings; adopt a pro-social identity Criminal Associates.Reduce association with criminals, enhance associations with pro-social people Family/Marital..Reduce l conflict, build positive relationships & communication; enhance monitoring & supervision Employment/School Enhance rewards, performance & satisfaction Leisure/Recreation..Enhance involvement & satisfaction in pro-social activities Substance Abuse..Reduce use, personal & interpersonal supports for substance abuse behavior; enhance alternatives to use
Conning/Manipulation Impulsivity Low Frustration Tolerance Danger/Thrill Seeking Poor Consequential Thinking Poor Option Generation Alienation from Mainstream Socialization Egocentrism Externalization/Blaming Hostility/Resistance Towards Work Attachment to Criminal Activities Unsatisfying/Conflicted Spousal Situation Poor Use of Leisure Time Affiliation/Identification With Criminals Drug Abuse/Addiction History Poor Family Relations Poor Consequential Thinking Conflict With Authority/Supervision Conflict with Peers Excitability Poor Social Skills Poor Recognition of Patterned Responses Neutralization/Non-empathy/Lack of Remorse Boredom/Dissatisfaction With Conventional Activities
Denial of Responsibility: Criminal acts are due to factors beyond the control of the individual, thus, the individual is guilt free to act. Denial of Injury: Admits responsibility for the act, but minimizes the extent of harm or denies any harm. Denial of the Victim: Reverses the role of offender & victim & blames the victim. System Bashing : Those who disapprove of the offender s acts are defined as immoral, hypocritical, or criminal themselves., yp, Appeal to Higher Loyalties: Live by a different code the demands of larger society are sacrificed for the demands of more immediate loyalties.
What to Listen For Negative expression about the law Negative expression about conventional institutions, values, rules and procedures; including authority Negative expressions about self-management of behavior; including problem solving ability Negative attitudes toward self and one s ability to achieve through traditional means Lack of empathy and sensitivity toward others
Built directly into the assessment process Regular assessment will ensure criminogenic needs are going down Assessment/Case planning drive supervision Assess for responsivity Identify & discuss the role of the relationship between an officer and an offender Move forward with integrity and fidelity
Be Aware of the Need and Watch it be Filled